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WorksheetsAP Unit 7 Practice
Total questions: 37
Worksheet time: 20mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Repolarization occurs, sodium gates close, and some potassium gates reopen
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
2.
The sodium gates open.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
3.
After gastrulation, the outer-to-inner sequence of tissue layers in a vertebrate is
a)
ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm.
b)
ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm.
c)
endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm.
d)
mesoderm, endoderm, ectoderm.
4.
One reason a person might be severely overweight is due to
a)
an undersecretion of thyroxine
b)
hyposecretion of oxytocin.
c)
a lower-than-normal secretion of insulin growth factors
d)
a defect in hormone release from the posterior pituitary.
5.
Which of the following is least related to the others?
a)
zona pellucida
b)
yolk sack
c)
chorion
d)
amnion
6.
Which of the following is associated with the evolution of a central nervous system?
a)
bilateral symmetry
b)
radial symmetry
c)
a closed circulatory system
d)
excitable membranes
7.
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
a)
An increase in blood sugar concentration increases the amount of the hormone that stores sugar as glycogen.
b)
An infant's suckling at the mother's breast increases the amount of the hormone that induces the release of milk from the mammary glands.
c)
An increase in calcium concentration increases the amount of the hormone that stores calcium in bone.
d)
A decrease in calcium concentration increases the amount of the hormone that releases calcium from bone.
8.
The successful development of a vaccine to be used against a pathogen
a)
is dependent on the surface antigens of the pathogen not changing.
b)
requires a rearrangement of the B cell receptor antibodies.
c)
is not possible without knowing the structure of the surface antigens on the pathogen.
d)
is dependent on MHC molecules being heterozygous.
9.
All of the following are mechanisms of thermoregulation in terrestrial mammals except
a)
changing the rate of heat exchange by conforming to environmental temperatures.
b)
changing the rate of evaporative heat loss.
c)
changing the rate of metabolic heat production.
d)
changing the rate of heat loss by vasodilation and vasoconstriction.
10.
What do Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect
a)
olfaction
b)
vision
c)
speech
d)
memory
11.
In humans, identical twins are possible because
a)
early blastomeres can form a complete embryo if isolated
b)
of convergent extension
c)
of interactions between extraembryonic cells and the zygote nucleus
d)
of the heterogeneous distribution of cytoplasmic determinants in unfertilized eggs
12.
As an embryo develops, new cells are formed and different types of cells develop by the process of
a)
cell division and differentiation.
b)
preformation and morphogenesis.
c)
preformation and epigenesis.
d)
differentiation and morphogenesis.
13.
Why do genetic mutations in asexually reproducing organisms lead to more evolutionary change than do genetic mutations in sexually reproducing ones?
a)
The haploid mutations of asexually reproducing organisms are passed to all of their offspring.
b)
Asexually reproducing organisms devote more time and energy to the process of reproduction.
c)
Sexually reproducing organisms can produce more offspring in a given time.
d)
More genetic variation is present in organisms that reproduce asexually.
14.
In a laboratory experiment with three groups, one group of people drinks pure water, a second group drinks an equal amount of beer, and a third group drinks an equal amount of concentrated salt solution all during the same time period. Their urine production is monitored for several hours. At the end of the measurement period, which group will have produced the greatest volume of urine and which group the least?
a)
beer the most, salt solution the least
b)
salt solution the most, water the least
c)
water the most, beer the least
d)
There will be no significant difference between these groups.
15.
What would be most affected if an accident caused trauma to the hypothalamus?
a)
regulation of body temperature
b)
cognitive response ability
c)
the production of CSF
d)
processing of motor information in the cerebellum
16.
In animal locomotion, what two forces cause the expenditure of energy?
a)
Gravity, friction
b)
Gravity, competitors
c)
Competitors, environment
d)
Environment, geography
17.
Frequently, very few molecules of a hormone are required to affect changes in a target cell. This is because
a)
the mechanism of hormonal action involves an enzyme cascade that amplifies the response to a hormone.
b)
hormones are large molecules that remain in circulation for months and can repeatedly stimulate the same cell.
c)
hormones are lipid-soluble and readily penetrate the membranes of the target cell.
d)
the mechanism of hormonal action involves memory cells that have had prior contact with the hormone.
18.
How do animal structures well suited to specific functions come about?
a)
Natural selection favors the most functional structures for a particular environment.
b)
Mutations arise to provide required structures for survival in a particular environment.
c)
An animal that needs a new function will develop a new structure to provide it.
d)
Animals invent structural designs that enhance their functions.
19.
Neurotransmitters are released from presynaptic axon terminals into the synaptic cleft by which mechanism?
a)
exocytosis
b)
endocytosis
c)
active transport
d)
diffusion
20.
Which of the following ideas is not consistent with our understanding of animal structure?
a)
Different animals contain fundamentally different categories of tissues.
b)
Short-term adjustments to environmental changes are mediated by physiological organ systems.
c)
All but the simplest animals demonstrate the same hierarchical levels of organization
d)
The evolution of structure in an animal is influenced by its environment.
21.
Given the steps shown below, which of the following is the correct sequence for transmission at a chemical synapse?
1. Neurotransmitter binds with receptors associated with the postsynaptic membrane.
2. Ca2+ ions rush into neuron's cytoplasm.
3. Action potential depolarizes the synaptic terminal membrane.
4. Ligand-gated ion channels open.
5. Synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
1. Neurotransmitter binds with receptors associated with the postsynaptic membrane.
2. Ca2+ ions rush into neuron's cytoplasm.
3. Action potential depolarizes the synaptic terminal membrane.
4. Ligand-gated ion channels open.
5. Synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
a)
3, 2, 5, 1, 4
b)
4, 3, 1, 2, 5
c)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
d)
2, 3, 5, 4, 1
22.
A major difference between active and passive immunity is that active immunity requires
a)
acquisition and activation of antibodies.
b)
direct exposure to a living or simulated pathogen.
c)
transfer of antibodies from the mother across the placenta.
d)
secretion of interleukins from macrophages.
23.
Which of the following would be most beneficial in treating an individual who has been bitten by a poisonous snake that has a fast-acting toxin?
a)
injection of antibodies to the toxin
b)
vaccination with a weakened form of the toxin
c)
injection of interleukin-1
d)
injection of interferon
24.
In an experiment, rats' ovaries were removed immediately after impregnation and then the rats were divided into two groups. Treatments and results are summarized in the table below.
Group 1 / Group 2
Daily injections of progeterone (milligrams): 0.25 / 2.0
Percentage of rats that carried fetuses to birth: 0 / 100
The results most likely occurred because progesterone exerts an effect on the
Group 1 / Group 2
Daily injections of progeterone (milligrams): 0.25 / 2.0
Percentage of rats that carried fetuses to birth: 0 / 100
The results most likely occurred because progesterone exerts an effect on the
a)
maintenance of the uterus.
b)
gestation period of rats.
c)
general health of the rat.
d)
size of the fetus.
25.
Which represent adaptations to the same environmental challenge?
a)
external respiratory surface, small size, two-layered body
b)
large volume, long tubular body, wings
c)
gastrovascular activity, two-layered body, and torpedo shape
d)
branched internal surfaces, small size, moist outer covering
26.
Saltatory conduction is a term applied to conduction of impulses
a)
along myelinated nerve fibers.
b)
from one neuron to another
c)
in two directions at the same time
d)
across electrical synapses
27.
When would memory cells be reproduced?
a)
between 0 and 7 days
b)
between 7 and 14 days
c)
between 28 and 35 days
d)
between 0 and 7 days and between 28 and 35 days
28.
A marine sea star was mistakenly placed in freshwater and it died. What is the most likely explanation for its death?
a)
The sea star is hypertonic to the freshwater, and it could not osmoregulate.
b)
The sea star was stressed and needed more time to adapt to new conditions.
c)
The osmoregulatory system of the sea star could not handle the change in ionic content presented by the freshwater.
d)
The contractile vacuoles used to regulate water content ruptured in the freshwater.
29.
Why is sexual reproduction important?
a)
The resulting diverse phenotypes may enhance survival of a population in a changing environment.
b)
It allows animals to conserve resources and reproduce only during optimal conditions.
c)
It can result in numerous offspring in a short amount of time.
d)
It enables isolated animals to colonize a habitat rapidly.
30.
Which of the following endocrine glands is the female gonad?
a)
ovaries
b)
pancreas
c)
thymus
d)
pineal
31.
Which of the following hormones is responsible for the regulation of the menstrual cycle?
a)
thyroxine
b)
estrogen
c)
progesterone
d)
both b and c
32.
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary?
a)
GH
b)
oxytocin
c)
TSH
d)
PRL
33.
Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the development of ova and sperm?
a)
FSH
b)
TSH
c)
GH
d)
LH
34.
Which hormone promotes the kidneys to reabsorb water?
a)
oxytocin
b)
LH
c)
ADH
d)
PRL
35.
Which of the following statements regarding the testes or its hormone is NOT true?
a)
Testes are the male gamete.
b)
Testes are responsible for sperm production.
c)
Testes secrete testosterone.
d)
Testosterone produces the male secondary sexual characteristics.
36.
Which of the following statements regarding the thymus gland or its hormone is NOT true?
a)
The thymus secretes thymosin.
b)
Thymosin is important for proper development of the immune system.
c)
At puberty the thymus gland begins to shrink.
d)
The thymus gland is located in the mediastinum just below the heart.
37.
The thyroid gland uses which of the following elements to make its hormones?
a)
calcium
b)
potassium
c)
idodine
d)
sodium
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