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WorksheetsIB ESS Review
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 18mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What does the second law of thermodynamics state?
a)
When energy is transformed into work, some energy is always lost as waste heat
b)
The entropy of an isolated system increases
c)
Isolated systems have a tendency to progress towards increasing disorder
d)
All of the above
2.
As global temperature rises, more methane is released from melting permafrost, resulting in increased global warming and increased methane release. This is an example of:
a)
Neutral Feedback
b)
Positive Feedback
c)
Exponential Feedback
d)
Negative Feedback
3.
A human being is an example of:
a)
an open system
b)
a closed system
c)
a complex system
d)
an isolated system
4.
Water vapor falling to the ground as rain is an example of a _________, and this water soaking through the soil and being absorbed by plants is an example of a ________.
a)
Transformation, Transformation
b)
Transfer, Transfer
c)
Transfer, Transformation
d)
Transformation, Transfer
5.
For a system to have equilibrium, it can:
a)
be undisturbed and remain static
b)
have small fluctuations but remain more or less in a constant state
c)
adjust to disturbances to form a new equilibrium
d)
All of the above
6.
Which of the following most likely lists abiotic factors that can be measured in a freshwater ecosystem?
a)
salinity, wave action, temperature
b)
turbidity, flow velocity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen
c)
light intensity, slope, soil moisture
d)
pH, drainage, slope
7.
Which of the following is an example of interspecific competition?
a)
a species of birds competing with each other over territory
b)
a population of lions competing for food
c)
different species of squirrels competing for food in a certain area
d)
the males of a species of kangaroos that fight over female mates
8.
Which type of pyramid represents the standing stock of each trophic level?
a)
pyramid of biomass
b)
pyramid of productivity
c)
pyramid of numbers
d)
none of the above
9.
Which type of graph would represent an exponential rise in population over time?
a)
S Curve
b)
R Curve
c)
J Curve
d)
None of the Above
10.
_____ is the buildup of substances (chemicals, toxins, etc.) in a single organism, while ______ is how the substance tends to increase in concentration as it move up the food chain
a)
mutualism, competition
b)
bioaccumulation, biomagnification
c)
competition, mutualism
d)
biomagnification, bioaccumulation
11.
This time of population growth curve starts with exponential growth, and then growth slows to reach a constant population size
a)
S Curve
b)
J Curve
c)
C Curve
d)
B Curve
12.
Human beings have long lives, mature late, and have few offspring. Humans are an example of a _________
a)
R-Selected Species
b)
Adaptable Species
c)
K-Selected Species
d)
Developed Species
13.
Last year, 3,500 people were born in Country J, but 5,000 died as a result of a new disease. What is the natural increase rate?
a)
-1,500
b)
-150
c)
0
d)
8,500
14.
Nigeria has extremely high birth rates and short life expectancy. Which stage of a population pyramid is Nigeria in?
a)
Stage One
b)
Stage Two
c)
Stage Three
d)
Stage Four
15.
If a country were to commit to using renewable energy, what should they include in their energy portfolio?
a)
Natural Gas, Wind Power, Biogas
b)
Solar Power, Wind Power, and Hydroelectric Power
c)
Solar Power, Biogas, Nuclear Power
d)
Oil, Wood, Natural Gas
16.
Which of the following describes how plate tectonics causes evolution and/or biodiversity?
a)
separation of gene pools
b)
creation of new habitats
c)
formation of physical barriers
d)
all of the above
17.
____, ____, and ____ are all examples of factors that can lead to a loss of diversity.
a)
pollution, habitat reconstruction, and the use of pesticides
b)
natural disasters, legislation against poaching, and genetically modified species
c)
pollution, introduction of non-native species, and natural disasters
d)
none of the above
18.
What factor(s) can determine if a species is “endangered” or worse on the Red List classification system?
a)
low probability of extinction
b)
a great number of mature individuals
c)
large geographic range and area of occupancy within the range
d)
a small or rapidly decreasing population size
19.
The World Wildlife Fund for Nature and Greenpeace are both non-governmental organizations that _____ than intergovernmental organizations.
a)
have a greater political influence
b)
have a slower rate of response
c)
have less media coverage
d)
none of the above
20.
Secondary Succession can occur from _____.
a)
a wildfire
b)
a retreating glacier
c)
lave flow
d)
all of the above
21.
People across a country was their cars outside, causing cleaning agents that contain phosphates to run into nearby rivers. This is an example of:
a)
Direct Pollution
b)
Point-Source Pollution
c)
Indirect Pollution
d)
Non-Point Source Pollution
22.
A scientist tests the Biochemical Oxygen Demand of a local pond and finds that it is extremely high. This means:
a)
The pond is primarily free of pollution
b)
Nothing. Biochemical Oxygen Demand does not measure pollution
c)
The pond is extremely polluted
d)
The pond has a lot of plant life
23.
A lake in a neighborhood is experiencing eutrophication. This is potentially a result of:
a)
Phosphates being released into the lake
b)
Population overgrowth in the lake
c)
Changing climatic conditions
d)
All of the above
24.
A biotic index is
a)
A scale that assesses pollution based on factors such as dissolved oxygen
b)
A scale that assesses pollution based on presence and abundance of species
c)
An index that logs how many species are in a region for population control purposes
d)
An index that assesses biodiversity, or the presence and abundance of species
25.
A city is experiencing increasing levels of pollution. The best way to address this is by:
a)
Regulating the use of and release of pollutants
b)
Encouraging individual actions such as recycling
c)
Cleaning up existing pollution
d)
All of the above
26.
What are the 4 main greenhouse gases?
a)
water vapor, CO2, methane, CFCs
b)
CO2, SO4, NOx, CFCs
c)
water vapor, SO4, ozone, methane
d)
HCl, methane, ozone, water vapor
27.
What would not be an effect of global warming?
a)
harsher weather patterns
b)
a shift of biomes
c)
a decrease in the spread of disease
d)
coastline inundation
28.
What type of radiation can become trapped within the earth’s atmosphere due to greenhouse gases?
a)
visible light
b)
short-wave radiation
c)
gamma waves
d)
long-wave radiation
29.
What can nations do to reduce the amount of carbon emitted from their country?
a)
Stopping forest clearance and increasing forest cover
b)
Developing new or improved alternative energy technologies
c)
Improving public transportation
d)
All of the above
30.
Which of the following is not a significant methane producer?
a)
Bacteria
b)
Composting
c)
Landfills
d)
Livestock
31.
Many Native American tribes considered nature to be divine and took care of it, only using it for their needs. Native Americans had a _______ worldview
a)
Ecocentric
b)
Technocentric
c)
Anthropocentric
d)
Eco-economic
32.
The human population in a country is rapidly increasing, but food resources are diminishing. A technocentrist may argue that:
a)
The population can continue to grow through developing methods of increasing production
b)
People should be educated on limiting family size
c)
Carrying capacity has been reached
d)
Access to technology is a bigger issue
33.
Cornucopians are known for believing that:
a)
Humans should value the resources we have and use them sparingly
b)
Food resources are the most important to protect
c)
Access to food is a human right
d)
There are infinite resources for and environmental problems can be solved with technology
34.
Mark believes the world would be better off without humans, and that we should protect nature over all human interests. Mark is a ______
a)
Deep Ecologist
b)
Misanthrope
c)
Cornucopian
d)
Ecologist
35.
Anthony lives near a forest and likes to watch the sunrise over the treetops. Does this make the forest valuable?
a)
Yes, it can have aesthetic value
b)
Yes, it can have intrinsic value
c)
No, value is based on how profitable the forest is
d)
No, value is based on the services the forest provides
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