Worksheets8R: Earth's Changing Surface Test Review
Total questions: 84
Worksheet time: 59mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Earth's inner core is...
a)
a dense ball of solid iron and nickel.
b)
a layer of molten iron and nickel.
c)
a layer of hot rock.
d)
a layer of rock that forms Earth's outer skin.
2.
Which layer of Earth has the GREATEST density?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
3.
Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by...
a)
convection currents
b)
radiation
c)
conduction
d)
density
4.
Using data from seismic waves, geologists have learned that Earth's interior is made up of several
a)
continents
b)
layers
c)
ridges
d)
trenches
5.
Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth's
a)
Outer core
b)
Plastic mantle
c)
lithosphere
d)
inner core.
6.
If we compare the temperature and pressure of Earth's mantle to the core, what differences can we expect as we move downward into Earth?
a)
Both temperature and pressure increase.
b)
Both temperature and pressure decrease.
c)
Temperature decreases and pressure increases.
d)
Temperature increases and pressure decreases.
7.
Which layer of Earth is LIQUID?
a)
upper mantle
b)
lower mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
8.
What are the two kinds of crust?
a)
lithospheric and asthenospheric
b)
silicon based and iron based
c)
continental and oceanic
d)
outer and inner
9.
Which layer of Earth is made up of tectonic plates?
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
asthenosphere
d)
lithosphere
10.
What is the difference between the inner and outer core?
a)
The outer core is liquid, the inner core is solid.
b)
The inner core is liquid and the outer core is solid.
c)
The outer core is made of nickel and the inner core is made of iron.
d)
The outer core is hotter than the inner core.
11.
Why have geologists not reached the mantle?
a)
It is too hot for humans to go there.
b)
It is too smelly for humans to go there.
c)
It doesn't have Wi-Fi so none of their instruments work.
d)
Scientists have not figured out how to time travel.
12.
The Outer Core is what state of matter?
a)
Solid
b)
Liquid
c)
Gas
d)
Plasma
13.
Continents moving slowly over the Earth's surface.
a)
Continental Drift
b)
Continental Un-Pangaea-ifing
c)
Continental Traffic Jam
d)
Continental Airlines
14.
Which layer is MOST dense?
a)
Mantle
b)
Crust
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
15.
This layer of Earth is the thickest part
a)
crust
b)
outer core
c)
mantle
d)
inner core
16.
Continental crust is ________ and _________ than oceanic crust.
a)
thicker; less dense
b)
thinner; less dense
c)
thicker; more dense
d)
thinner; more dense
17.
What was the name given to all the continents when they were joined as one super continent
a)
Supreme Continent
b)
N.A.S.E.A.A.A
c)
Wegener World
d)
Pangaea
18.
Scientists determine what Earth’s interior looks like by using:
a)
Volcanoes
b)
Seismic Waves
c)
Continental Drift
d)
Convection Currents
19.
Identify layer #20.
a)
mantle
b)
asthenosphere
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
20.
What happens to temperature as you get deeper inside Earth?
a)
It decreases.
b)
It stays the same.
c)
It increases.
21.
What happens to pressure as your move deeper inside Earth?
a)
It increases.
b)
It decreases.
c)
It stays the same.
22.
What layer of the Earth is liquid?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
23.
What layer of the earth is made of solid rock but flows very slowly?
a)
lithosphere
b)
mesosphere
c)
asthenosphere
d)
outer core
24.
What layer is made up of the crust and the rigid, upper part of the mantle?
a)
asthenosphere
b)
lithosphere
c)
asthenosphere
d)
outer core
25.
Which of the following appears to cause the movements of tectonic plates?
a)
Convection currents In the plastic mantle
b)
Energy from vocanic activity
c)
Magnetic-pole reversals
d)
faults in mountain ranges
26.
This is the process in which hot material rises while cool material sinks?
a)
radiation
b)
convection
c)
conduction
d)
sea-floor spreading
27.
What properties does the oceanic crust have compared to the continental crust?
a)
thinner and more dense
b)
thicker and more dense
c)
thicker and less dense
d)
thinner and less dense
28.
What did scientists use to discover the layers of the earths interior?
a)
volcanic eruptions
b)
seismic waves
c)
radar
d)
magnets
29.
Where is the thickest crust?
a)
Ocean floor
b)
Edge of continents
c)
Mid ocean ridge
d)
Under mountains
30.
One large landmass
a)
North America
b)
Pangea
c)
South America
d)
PanAmerica
31.
Wegener's theory was rejected because:
a)
He couldn't identify a force to move continents
b)
Scientists don't like new ideas
c)
Wegener didn't have enough evidence
d)
There was too much evidence
32.
In the early 1900's Alfred Wegener found evidence of identical rock types, identical fossils, and matching mountain ranges on different continents that are on opposite sides of an ocean. What could be the explanation for these observations?
a)
All animals can swim extremely long distances
b)
These observations have no significant meaning.
c)
In the past, continents were not located where they are today but were joined together
d)
mountains are made through the same processes therefore they are very similar in their structure throughout the entire world.
33.
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
34.
What layer of the Earth is found beneath the crust?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
35.
Wegener compiled more evidence to support his theory but did not use this one:
a)
Rock layers
b)
glacier evidence
c)
lava samples
d)
mountain ranges
36.
Why does molten rock from the mantle rise to the earth's surface?
a)
the molten rock is denser than the surrounding rock
b)
the molten rock is less dense than the surrounding rock
c)
the molten rock doesn't move, it just melts the rock above it
37.
In the mantle, this provides the basic driving forces for plate motion.
a)
Slab-Pull
b)
Divergent Current
c)
Convection Current
d)
Ridge-push
38.
Which layer of Earth is the hottest?
a)
lithosphere
b)
asthenosphere
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
39.
Compared to rock in Earth's crust, rocks in the mantle are more
a)
dense
b)
mineral-rich
c)
granular
d)
porous
40.
A deep well or mine shaft goes through which layer or layers of Earth?
a)
crust only
b)
mantle only
c)
crust and mantle
d)
mantle and core
41.
Which layer of Earth is the thinnest?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
42.
The soft layer of the mantle on which pieces of lithosphere move is called
a)
mesosphere
b)
lithosphere
c)
asthenosphere
d)
outer core
43.
Which layer contains BOTH the upper mantle and the crust?
a)
lithosphere
b)
atmosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
athensosphere
44.
Which crust is thicker
a)
ocean
b)
continental
c)
bread
d)
pizza
45.
The process that breaks down rocks and other materials on Earth's surface is called
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
soil conservation
d)
decomposition
46.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
47.
The diagrams shows a natural process that weathers rock.
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
48.
What are the two factors that affect the rate at which weathering occurs?
a)
climate and mass of rock
b)
climate and size of rock
c)
type of rock and size of rock
d)
type of rock and climate
49.
Which type of climate will have faster chemical weathering?
a)
Hot and Wet
b)
Cold and Dry
c)
Hot and Cold
d)
Cold and Wet
50.
What is the relationship between surface area and the rate of weathering?
a)
As surface area increases, the rate of weathering decreases
b)
As surface area increases, the rate of weathering increases
c)
As surface area decreases, the rate of weathering increases
d)
There is no relationship
51.
What does it mean when a rock's surface area increases?
a)
There are more surfaces available to be weathered on the rock
b)
There are less surfaces available to be weathered on the rock
c)
The rock has weathered completely
d)
Surface area has nothing to do with rocks
52.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
53.
Layers of sediment forming at the bottom of the ocean floor
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
54.
Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
55.
Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
56.
What is sediment?
a)
the process of rocks being broken down and carried away
b)
bits of rock, sand, and silt caused by the weathering of rocks
c)
the top layer of the soil
d)
decaying plant or animal material
57.
The process by which small pieces of rocks and soil are carried away to new locations is called...
a)
deposition
b)
erosion
c)
weathering
d)
faults
58.
At which type of boundary are mountains formed?
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
c)
Subductive Zone
d)
Transform
59.
A boundary where two plates pull apart
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
60.
A boundary where two plates collide into each other.
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
61.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
62.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
63.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
64.
The slow breakdown of rock over time is called ______
a)
eruption.
b)
landslides.
c)
erosion.
d)
weathering.
65.
If you drop a piece of chalk into a cup of vinegar, the chalk will fizz and dissolve after a few minutes. This process is an example of:
a)
chemical weathering
b)
differential weathering
c)
mechanical weathering
d)
infiltration
66.
When tectonic plates drift past each other, this is a _______________ boundary.
a)
transform
b)
divergent
c)
convergent
d)
none of these are correct
67.
A line of volcanic activity that surrounds the Pacific Ocean basin is the
a)
Ring of Fire
b)
Aleutian Islands
c)
Hawaiian Islands
d)
Caribbean Islands
68.
Magma in the mantle circulates, causing ___________.
a)
climate change
b)
equilibrium
c)
magma
d)
convection currents
69.
Which of these is an example of erosion?
a)
Water sitting on a lake
b)
rain breaking down a rock
c)
light shining on a mountain
d)
wind blowing away sediment
70.
How are trees agents of mechanical weathering?
a)
Growing tree roots physically break apart rock.
b)
Tree roots secrete acids that react with minerals in rock
c)
Trees break down into organic matter that forms an important part of soil
d)
all of the above
71.
The point on Earth's surface directly above the origin of an earthquake is called
a)
Juan de fuca plate
b)
Focus
c)
Seismic wave
d)
Epicenter
72.
What is the violent shaking of Earth's crust as built-up energy is released.
a)
earthquake
b)
epicenter
c)
fault
d)
focus
73.
Earthquakes under the water can cause _________________________________.
a)
tornadoes
b)
tsunamis
c)
lightening
d)
hailstorms
74.
We live in an area without many earthquakes because _____
a)
We live near a major fault line
b)
We live near the boundary of 2 tectonic plates
c)
We live near the middle of the North American Plate
d)
We live near the Pacific Plate
75.
The map
shows a boundary between two tectonic plates.
Between which two tectonic plates is this boundary located?
a)
Indo-Australian Plate and Pacific Plate
b)
North American Plate and Pacific Plate
76.
Volcanoes and Earthquakes mostly happen at:
a)
Plate boundaries
b)
Continental plates
c)
Oceanic plates
d)
All of the above
77.
Which scale would most likely be used to tell how much earthquake damage was done to homes and other buildings?
a)
Richter scale
b)
moment magnitude scale
c)
Mercalli scale
d)
Fujita scale
78.
What types of waves are released from an earthquake?
a)
electromagnetic Waves
b)
sonic Waves
c)
seismic Waves
d)
gamma waves
79.
What is the reason behind the movement of the lithospheric plates?
a)
continental drift
b)
continuous convergent boundaries
c)
convection currents in the mantle
d)
conduction
80.
A fault is a __________ in the earth's crust.
a)
mountain
b)
volcano
c)
crack
d)
tree
81.
Lithospheric plates that push together often cause ____________ to form.
a)
faults
b)
earthquakes
c)
mountain ranges
d)
nothing
82.
When lithospheric plates slip past each other, ________ can occur.
a)
earthquakes
b)
volcanoes
c)
tornadoes
d)
nothing
83.
What is general term used to describe where two tectonic plates meet?
a)
collision zone
b)
coastline
c)
a boundary
d)
a rift zone
84.
The outermost layer of earth consisting of the crust and the rigid mantle is
a)
Asthenophere
b)
Thermosphere
c)
Troposphere
d)
Lithosphere
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