A test that a person must pass to prove that they are qualified to work for the government.

Pax Romana means

The Sumerian writing system.

The land between two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates) is called

This city-state had a military culture.

A system of government most city-states had where one person rules everything.

ex) King, Big Man

Small particles of rich soil found on river bottoms. It made the farmland rich and fertile so crops could grow well.

The wealthy people of Rome who controlled much of the government.

Ordinary citizens in the ancient Roman Republic.

ex. merchants and workers who did not have much money

An original document from the time it happened.

ex) The Declaration of Independence, a letter written by Julius Caesar, the diary of Anne Frank

Humans migrated FROM this continent FIRST.

The first humans migrated TO this continent LAST

Greece is located on this continent.

The exact location of a place on the earth described by global coordinates (longitude/latitude) or address of the place. Ex) 195 Broadway

People settled here because the area offered the best conditions for agriculuture.

ex) Mohenjo Daro

Hammurabi's Code, The Twelve Tables, and the Justinian Code are examples of early developments in this area.

An important characteristic of a successful civilization. It creates laws to be followed to keep control of the civilization.

These things do the following:

1. Tell us where places are.
2. Tell us the climate of different regions.
3. Tell us how to get to places.

The language of ancient Rome was

A trade route between China and Europe. It connected China to the rest of the world.

A line of rulers from the same family is called a

Giving of money or favors (bribery) for government positions and decisions.

Inundation, Emergence, and Harvest are seasons on the

A system of beliefs and values is a/an

The Confucian belief of having respect for one's elders and ancestors.

A Chinese belief system based on social harmony created for the purpose of maintaining order without strict government control.

The way people, products, information, and ideas move from place to place.

Ex) Cargo ship, train ride, plane trip, email, texting

Structures (mounds of earth or low walls) used to keep flooding rivers within their banks.

A preserved body of an ancient Egyptian is called a

The burial place for kings and pharaohs in the Nile River Valley (houses for the dead).

Ideas or inventions

The period from the 5th century to the 15th century in European history. Also known as the Middle Ages.

A community of plants, animals, and people that is specific to a climate.

The location of a place in relation or compared to other locations.

Ex) Around the corner from my house, across the street from Wendy's, next to the movie theater.

A system of trading loyalties for protection in the Middle Ages. The King had the most power in this system.

After ___________________ was developed, people could build permanent settlements since they no longer needed to move around to find food.

On the continent of Asia. It's geography of high mountains to the north and deserts to the west made it very hard to travel and trade with outsiders. It was isolated.

This writing system based on sounds letters make spread throughout the region since the Phoenicians were excellent sailors and used their alphabet to write trading receipts.

People ALWAYS settle here because the land is always more fertile near rivers; the best place to start a civilization.

Information gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an event.

ex) a textbook

When each member of a society does a specific job.

The idea that people are innocent until proven guilty comes from

Trading one good for another. This was affected by the coining of money which eventually replaced it.

It's geography of rugged land and high mountains made it very hard to travel by land. This made its people fiercely independent and forced them to use the sea for trading.

Sovereign (independent) nations that govern themselves.

Ex) Athens and Sparta

The Egyptian writing system was called