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Biology Ch. 3, 4, 5 Practice Test

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The ability of an organism to withstand fluctuations in environmental factors is called...?
a)
biodiversity
b)
carrying capacity
c)
tolerance
d)
adaptation
2.
Which takes less time to occur?
a)
Primary succession
b)
Secondary succession
c)
They both take appoximately the same amount of time
3.
A wetland without trees is called a...?
a)
Swamp
b)
Marsh
c)
Bog
d)
Fen
4.
Succession stops when species composition changes no longer occur with time; such a community is said to be a(n) ...
a)
biome
b)
climax community
c)
apex ecosystem
d)
top habitat
5.
Small invertebrates which drift and float in the photic zones are called...?
a)
Diatoms
b)
Algae
c)
Phytoplankton
d)
Zooplankton
6.
Which of the following events is most likely to cause primary succession?
a)
volcano
b)
hurricane
c)
deforestation
d)
pest infestation
7.
A lichen is an organism formed from the mutualistic relationship between what two species?
a)
plant & fungi
b)
bacteria & fungi
c)
fungi & algae
d)
algae & bacteria
8.
A directional non-seasonal cumulative change in the types of plant species that occupy a given area through time is called...?
a)
evolution
b)
colonization
c)
succession
d)
establishment
9.
A wetland with alkaline or basic soil is called a...?
a)
Swamp
b)
Marsh
c)
Bog
d)
Fen
10.
Which plant is a common example of an opportunist species?
a)
red maple
b)
moss
c)
herb
d)
grass
11.
Bodies of water where freshwater and saltwater mix are called...?
a)
estuaries
b)
coastlines
c)
bays
d)
coral reefs
12.
Which biome is nicknamed a 'cold desert'?
a)
Desert
b)
Taiga
c)
Tundra
d)
Temperate Forest
13.
Which biome is dominated by densely arranged dark evergreen conifers such as fir, hemlock, and spruce trees?
a)
Tundra
b)
Taiga
c)
Temperate Forest
d)
Tropical Rain Forest
14.
Which of the following is NOT a nickname for a grassland?
a)
savanna
b)
prairie
c)
steppe
d)
meadow
15.
How much precipitation does a Temperate Forest receive on average each year?
a)
Less than 25cm
b)
25 - 75cm
c)
75-150cm
d)
200-600cm
16.
Which biome is known for having wet and dry seasons?
a)
Desert
b)
Tropical Rain Forest
c)
Grassland
d)
Temperate Forest
17.
Which biome is home to moose, black/brown bear, wolves, porcupines, small rodents, flying insects, and birds?
a)
tundra
b)
taiga
c)
temperate forest
d)
grassland
18.
What is the name for the deep areas of water that never receive sunlight?
a)
Aphotic
b)
Photic
c)
Benthic
d)
Pelagic
19.
A J-shaped growth curve represents what type of population growth?
a)
exponential
b)
logistic
c)
carrying capacity
d)
bell curve
20.
Which sequence correctly describes the appearance of organisms during primary succession?
a)
climax → pioneer → opportunist → climax species
b)
climax → opportunist → pioneer → climax species
c)
no species → pioneer → opportunist → climax species
d)
no species → opportunist → pioneer → climax species
21.
What percent of the earth is covered by aquatic biomes?
a)
75%
b)
55%
c)
95%
d)
35%
22.
Succession involves what three processes?
a)
introduction, growth, carrying capacity
b)
discovery, exploration, exploitation
c)
pioneer, opportunist, climax
d)
colonization, establishment, extinction
23.
The ability to use natural resources in a way that helps people and protects the ecosystem is called...?
a)
ecology
b)
recycling
c)
sustainability
d)
conservation
24.
What shape is the curve on the Tolerance of Limiting Factors Graph?
a)
S-shape
b)
J-shape
c)
Straight line
d)
Bell-shape
25.
What is the name for the region at the lowest level of a body of water, including the sediment surface?
a)
Aphotic
b)
Photic
c)
Benthic
d)
Pelagic
26.
All of the following are important functions of wetlands EXCEPT: 
a)
Control erosion
b)
Increase flooding
c)
Filter and store water
d)
Catch and remove silt
27.
Which of the following is an invasive plant in our area that out-competes our native woodland plants?
a)
Purple loosestrife
b)
Poison oak
c)
Cheatgrass
d)
Water hyacinth
28.
The study and use of methods protect biodiversity and conserve natural resources is called...?
a)
Natural history
b)
Ecology
c)
Conservation biology
d)
Aquaculture
29.
This international organization works in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources to assign conservation status ranking to organisms that are facing a high risk of global extinction:
a)
ESA
b)
IUCN
c)
WWF
d)
CITES
30.
What ranking is assigned to species that are almost extinct in the wild and whose numbers have become so few that they may have trouble breeding to keep the entire species viable without help from conservationists?
a)
Endangered
b)
Vulnerable
c)
Critically endangered 
d)
Threatened
31.
Areas of habitat used to connect wildlife populations that have been separated by human activities or structures are called...?
a)
Habitat corridors
b)
Migration routes
c)
Nature preserves
d)
Environmental passageways
32.
Which is edible vegetable oil is common in many snack foods and body products, and is often harvested using unsustainable measures?
a)
canola oil
b)
palm oil
c)
olive oil
d)
safflower oil
33.
Species that are not native to a particular area are called...?
a)
Threatened
b)
Endangered
c)
Exotic
d)
Invasive
34.
The number of organisms of one species that an environment can support indefinitely is called...?
a)
Population Peak
b)
Sustainable size
c)
Carrying capacity
d)
Stability status
35.
Natural disasters affect populations regardless of their population size and distribution. Therefore natural disasters are an example of a(n)...
a)
density dependent factor
b)
density independent factor
c)
growth dependent factor
d)
growth independent factor
36.

Which of the following is an example of ecological succession?

a)

spring followed by summer

b)

tadpole becoming a frog

c)

meadow replacing a pond

d)

predators eating prey

37.

The correct order of stages in the primary succession of a dry land environment is illustrated by which of the following?

a)

bare soil, shrubs, hardwoods, pines

b)

shrubs, mosses, pines, grasses

c)

rock, grasses, hardwoods, shrubs

d)

rock, lichen, mosses, grasses

38.

A driver traveling from the coniferous region to the tundra region would most likely observe a(n):

a)

decrease in air quality.

b)

decrease in biodiversity.

c)

increase in deciduous tree species.

d)

increase in nighttime temperatures.

39.

Tropical forests typically have a narrow range of temperatures but a wide variation in the amount of rain that falls per year. Additionally, some tropical forests receive nearly twice as much precipitation as other wet biomes. Which biome represents the tropical forests?

a)

W

b)

X

c)

Y

d)

Z

40.

Deserts are consistently the driest biomes in North America. They typically receive very little precipitation but have a wide variation in the mean annual temperature. Which biome likely represents the deserts?

a)

W

b)

X

c)

Y

d)

Z

41.

A large group of ecosystems sharing the same type of climax community is called a:

(a)  

42.

Shallow regions of water which sunlight penetrates are called:

(a)  

43.

Wetlands are important and are often compared to which organ that is helpful in filtering blood in the human body?

a)

kidney

b)

pancreas

c)

liver

d)

heart

44.

During primary succession, the decay of pioneer species results in the formation of:

(a)  

45.

When conditions in an ecosystem drop below their ideal range and a low population is present, species are said to be in a zone of:

a)

optimum

b)

physiological stress

c)

intolerance

d)

tolerance

46.

Lichens are a common example of which species?

a)

pioneer

b)

opportunist

c)

climax

47.

The majority of the earth's surface is covered by which biomes?

a)

terrestrial

b)

freshwater

c)

marine

48.

Which term refers to the amount of salt in an aquatic ecosystem?

a)

salinity

b)

alkalinity

c)

aquilinity

d)

sanguinity

e)

crystallinity

49.

A type of wetland biome containing acidic soil is a:

(a)  

50.

The layer of soil in the tundra that remains permanently frozen is called:

(a)  

51.

The body of water where freshwater from a river mixes with salt water from the ocean is called a(n)

a)

shoreline

b)

intertidal zone

c)

lagoon

d)

estuary

e)

coral reef

52.

Fewer organisms live at the bottom of a deep lake than at the top because of the lack of:

a)

bacteria

b)

niches

c)

sunlight

d)

space

53.

A climax community is determined by the:

a)

Temperature and rainfall

b)

major forms of animal life

c)

Major forms of plant life

d)

latitude and climate

54.

The variety of species in an ecosystem is referred to as its:

a)

Climax

b)

Carrying capacity

c)

Biodiversity

d)

Tolerance

55.

An undersea volcano erupts, creating a new island in the Gulf of Mexico. Life slowly starts to appear on the island. What would likely be the first species to take hold and survive?

a)

Ferns

b)

Mushrooms

c)

Lichens

d)

Grasses

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