NEW
Font size
S
M
L
XL
WorksheetsUnit 7: Weathering & Erosion Review
Total questions: 49
Worksheet time: 25mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which characteristic is most responsible for the color and hardness of different types of rocks?
a)
the minerals they contain
b)
how old they are
c)
where they are located
d)
the processes that formed them
2.
The earth has changed in many ways over time. Evidence of this can be seen by studying ________
a)
deep ocean currents.
b)
sedimentary rock layers.
c)
wild animal behavior.
d)
changing weather patterns.
3.
Which processes change magma into igneous rock?
a)
compaction and cementation
b)
cooling and crystallization
c)
heat and pressure
d)
weathering and erosion
4.
Which sentence best describes a process in the rock cycle?
a)
Metamorphic rocks can form by the weathering process.
b)
Igneous rocks can become metamorphic and sedimentary rocks.
c)
Volcanoes can deposit sedimentary rock to form mountains.
d)
Sedimentary rocks can melt to become metamorphic rocks.
5.
Water evaporation on the surface of Earth most likely causes the formation of
a)
Glaciers
b)
Mountains
c)
Natural Gas
d)
Limestone
6.
Granite is classified as a rock because it
a)
is made of minerals.
b)
is hard and rounded.
c)
has crystals.
d)
has mass.
7.
During science class, a teacher explains that the samples the students are studying are made of two or more minerals. What are the students studying?
a)
Gases
b)
Rocks
c)
Elements
d)
Molecules
8.
Which processes are needed to turn igneous rock into metamorphic rock?
a)
melting and cooling
b)
heating and pressure
c)
weathering and erosion
d)
comparing and cementation
9.
Mounds and ridges in the Snake Range area of Nevada are composed of boulders, sand, and gravel. These landforms were most likely formed by
a)
earthquakes.
b)
melting glaciers.
c)
wind erosion.
d)
hurricanes.
10.
What agent of erosion most likely transported these boulders?
a)
glacier
b)
gravity
c)
water
d)
wind
11.
Many fossils are found in sedimentary rock layers. Which of the following would be best to use when determining the age of a fossil found in sedimentary rock?
a)
the depth of the fossil
b)
the size of the fossil
c)
the hardness of the fossil
d)
the composition of the fossil
12.
Which process is included in the formation of both metamorphic and sedimentary rock?
a)
recrystallization
b)
weathering
c)
compaction
d)
heating
13.
George is studying erosion. He learns how rocks break apart over time. Which of these most likely forms when a rock weathers and breaks into small pieces?
a)
Fossils
b)
Sediments
c)
Crystals
d)
Minerals
14.
Which statement is true about rocks?
a)
Minerals are made of rocks.
b)
Crystals are made of rocks.
c)
Rocks are made of one or more minerals.
d)
Magma is made of solid rock
15.
One rock was formed from rapidly cooling lava and is smooth and glassy. The other rock was formed from slow-cooling magma, and large crystals can be seen. Which rock property is represented by these characteristics?
a)
Color
b)
Hardness
c)
Texture
d)
Fracture
16.
Tree roots can grow into rock and break it apart. Water can freeze in the cracks of rock, causing it to break apart. How are these two processes alike?
a)
Both are forces.
b)
Both affect weather.
c)
Both form new kinds of rock.
d)
Both are forms of weathering.
17.
Which process accounts for the formation of horizontally layered rocks?
a)
Compaction and Cementation
b)
Weathering and Erosion
c)
Melting
d)
Cooling
18.
When a layer of sediment is deposited on the ocean floor, what is the next step in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
a)
heating
b)
burying
c)
eroding
d)
weathering
19.
Camels and llamas are very closely related animals that live in places that are very far apart. The relationship between camels and llamas suggests that ________
a)
air temperatures have gotten higher.
b)
the oceans have gotten larger.
c)
the continents have drifted.
d)
weather patterns have changed.
20.
Which process is most directly related to constructing new land?
a)
erosion
b)
polluting
c)
deposition
d)
weathering
21.
What is the main process that forms sea caves?
a)
deposition by tides
b)
erosion by waves
c)
dissolving by groundwater
d)
weathering by blowing beach sand
22.
Different processes cause Earth to change. Which process causes earthquakes, mountain building, and volcanic action?
a)
movement of tectonic plates
b)
pull of the Moon’s gravity
c)
deposition of sediments
d)
erosion of rocks
23.
The surface of the Earth has many layers. The top layer of rocks is most likely _________
a)
the oldest layer.
b)
the hottest layer.
c)
the hardest layer.
d)
the youngest layer.
24.
Which of these provides the best evidence that an environmental change has occurred?
a)
a freshwater lake in the mountains
b)
marine fossils in a freshwater lake
c)
saltwater clams in the ocean
d)
a sandy beach next to the ocean
25.
In which way does this baseball most closely model the layers of Earth?
a)
The layers are all solid.
b)
The core is the least dense.
c)
The outer layer is the thinnest.
d)
The thick layer is the same color as dirt.
26.
Why did the mountain stream deposit so much eroded soil in the area marked X?
a)
The speed of the water decreased there.
b)
The speed of the water increased there.
c)
The water got colder there.
d)
The water got warmer there.
27.
A family wants to conserve water in their home. Which method could they use to conserve water?
a)
recycling drink containers
b)
planting more trees in the yard
c)
taking long baths instead of short showers
d)
watering the lawn in the early morning when the air is coolest
28.
Which source contains most of the fresh water on Earth?
a)
lakes
b)
groundwater
c)
rivers and streams
d)
glaciers and ice caps
29.
A student hypothesizes that the amount of water a plant receives will affect how long it grows before reaching maturity. To test this hypothesis, the student will need
a)
several digital scales.
b)
a wet paper towel.
c)
several identical plant seeds.
d)
different sizes of containers.
30.
Cars are powered by gasoline made from oil. Which is the best way to conserve gasoline?
a)
carpool to school
b)
ride a bus to school
c)
ride a bike to school
d)
drive alone to school
31.
When a layer of intrusive rock enters into other layers then the intrusive rock layer ________
a)
is older than the other layers.
b)
is younger than the other layers.
c)
has less mass than the other layers.
d)
has more mass than the other layers.
32.
Which statement below best explains why several fossils of sea organisms were discovered buried deep in an area of dry land?
a)
The fossils changed locations.
b)
The area had a shift in climate.
c)
The land was once underwater.
d)
A glacier once covered the area.
33.
Humans can do many things to impact the environment. Which of these is an example of how humans negatively impact the environment?
a)
planting more trees
b)
burning less fossil fuel
c)
reducing beach erosion
d)
increasing water runoff
34.
Which best explains how nutrients get into soil?
a)
through exposure to air
b)
by absorbing sunlight
c)
through decaying matter
d)
by rocks eroding
35.
Some bacteria and fungi provide nutrients to soil. What is the main source of energy that bacteria and fungi need in order to provide nutrients in the soil?
a)
Water and sugars
b)
Dead plant and animal remains
c)
Sunlight and nitrogen
d)
Oxygen and carbon
36.
Which is considered a property of soil?
a)
texture
b)
streak
c)
fracture
d)
luster
37.
Many houses are built on the sides of hills. Which of these actions would best prevent houses from sliding down hills after heavy rainfalls?
a)
spraying herbicides on the hill
b)
adding plants to the hill
c)
removing grass from the hill
d)
increasing the slope of the hill
38.
Soil in Anchorage, Alaska, is very shallow. Which is a biotic factor that plays the largest role in limiting the soil thickness in Anchorage?
a)
Precipitation falls mainly as snow or frozen rain.
b)
Decayed plant material is limited due to short growing seasons.
c)
Shade from the mountains blocks sunlight from reaching the soil.
d)
Cold temperatures keep the soil frozen for many months of the year.
39.
Which characteristic do all three methods have in common?
a)
They produce most of the energy people use.
b)
They are not as expensive as coal and oil energy.
c)
They are most effective in dry climates.
d)
They would not be possible without the Sun.
40.
The picture shows the fossil skull of an animal that lived a long time ago. Based on the skull, this animal most likely
a)
laid large eggs
b)
had good eyesight
c)
hunted in packs
d)
ate other animals
41.
Large pores in soil are most important for ________
a)
animals to dig through the soil.
b)
water and air to move through the soil.
c)
making it easier to dig through the soil.
d)
keeping roots from moving through the soil.
42.
Charlie’s class visited a garden. In one area, they saw plants growing from trays filled with potting soil. What does the soil contain that the plants can use for growth?
a)
light
b)
nutrients
c)
oxygen
d)
sugar
43.
Topsoil is considered to be most fertile when it has a
a)
low pH level.
b)
low sand content.
c)
high organic matter level.
d)
high parent rock material level.
44.
What process makes it possible for the nutrients from organic material to be added to soil?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
composition
d)
succession
45.
Which process does the vetiver grass most likely help farmers reduce?
a)
Chemical weathering
b)
insect infestation
c)
freezing of crops
d)
water erosion
46.
Which method would best model how ocean waves are formed?
a)
Stir the bottom of the tank.
b)
Place a fan at one end of the tank.
c)
Heat the water in the tank.
d)
Pour water into one end of the tank.
47.
Which is the most likely reason the mineral can only be found in metamorphic rocks?
a)
It crystallizes in underground caves.
b)
It requires great pressure to form.
c)
It must melt before hardening.
d)
It can only form underwater.
48.
Which would best help in preventing the right side of the river from being eroded?
a)
Loose soil
b)
Heavy rainfall
c)
Thick grass
d)
Increased grazing by animals
49.
The best soil mixture for plant growth and drainage is
a)
silt, pebbles, and clay.
b)
sand, rocks, and clay.
c)
clay, silt, and rocks.
d)
humus, clay, and sand.
Reset
