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KE REVIEW~ MODULE 2

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 5hrs 0mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The diagram shows the various stages of the cell cycle in onion root tip cells.

MOST of the plant cells in this diagram are in which of the following stages of the cell cycle? 
a)
telophase
b)
prophase
c)
anaphase
d)
interphase
2.
Genetic information is contained in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules, which are primarily located in the nuclei of most organisms. Each DNA molecule has a double helix shape, and consists of two strands connected by base pairs at regular intervals. Which of the following BEST describes how bases are paired in DNA molecules? 
a)
Adenine always pairs with thymine, and guanine always pairs with cytosine. 
b)
Adenine always pairs with guanine, and thymine always pairs with cytosine. 
c)
Adenine always pairs with uracil, and guanine always pairs with cytosine. 
d)
Adenine always pairs with guanine, and uracil always pairs with cytosine. 
3.
In order to survive, cells must be able to synthesize molecules from their DNA templates. Which of the following BEST describes the process of translation? 
a)
During translation, amino acids are joined together in chains to form complex carbohydrates. 
b)
During translation, amino acids are joined together in chains to form proteins.
c)
During translation, sugars are joined together in chains to form complex carbohydrates. 
d)
During translation, sugars are joined together in chains to form proteins. 
4.
The kangaroo rat has many adaptations that allow it to survive in its harsh desert environment.

Which of the following adaptations does NOT help the kangaroo rat escape from predators? 
a)
the ability to obtain needed water from seeds
b)
excellent hearing
c)
large back legs
d)
sandy fur color
5.
Many types of symbiosis exist in nature. Which of the following is NOT an example of symbiosis? 
a)
predation
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
commensalism
6.
Environmental changes such as climate changes can greatly impact an ecosystem. Which of the following is NOT an example of how climate changes could impact ecosystems? 
a)
Warming could force species to migrate to higher latitudes and altitudes. 
b)
Warming could lead to birds migrating and nesting earlier.
c)
Warming could lead to a loss of sea ice as a habitat for particular species. 
d)
Warming could increase a species’ resistance to disease. 
7.
All organisms on Earth can be arranged into five levels of organization. Which of the following correctly organizes these levels from most exclusive to least exclusive? 
a)
biosphere, ecosystem, population, community, and species 
b)
species, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere 
c)
biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, and species 
d)
species, community, population, ecosystem, and biosphere 
8.
The figure shows the forelimbs of various mammals. Which of the following BEST explains why the similar forelimbs shown below are considered homologous structures? 
a)
They are all forelimbs.
b)
They have similar structures.
c)
They have a common underlying anatomy that was also seen in their last common ancestor. 
d)
They evolved from a common ancestor, as did all other vertebrates. 
9.
DNA fingerprinting was first developed in England in 1985 by Sir Alec Jeffreys. Since that time, DNA fingerprinting has been used for paternity testing. It has also been used to identify victims of crime and to convict criminals. Which of the following BEST describes the technique of DNA fingerprinting? 
a)
DNA fingerprinting compares stem cells from different individuals.
b)
DNA fingerprinting compares entire DNA molecules from different individuals.
c)
DNA fingerprinting compares segments of DNA molecules from different individuals. 
d)
DNA fingerprinting compares specific amino acids from different individuals. 
10.
In horses, black hair is dominant, and light-colored hair is recessive. If a white stallion is crossed with a mare that is homozygous for the gene for black hair, what is the probability that ALL of the offspring will have black hair? 
a)
100%
b)
50%
c)
25%
d)
0%
11.
 Both living species of elephants, the African elephant and the Asian elephant, have 56 chromosomes in their body cells. If one of these cells undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will each of the daughter cells have? 
a)
7
b)
14
c)
28
d)
56
12.
Decomposers, which include bacteria, fungi, and various other microorganisms, make up a special category of consumers in an ecosystem. Which of the following BEST describes the role of decomposers in an ecosystem? 
a)
Decomposers are autotrophs that convert sunlight into sugars needed by other organisms. 
b)
Decomposers produce over half of the needed oxygen for an ecosystem. 
c)
Decomposers play a vital role in breaking down plant and animal material to release nutrients needed for healthy soils. 
d)
Decomposers fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form that other organisms in an ecosystem can use. 
13.
Environmental factors that affect organisms are classified as either abiotic or biotic. Which of the following lists ONLY abiotic factors that can affect organisms? 
a)
humidity, amount of carbon dioxide, and soil density
b)
temperature, types of bacteria, and soil pH
c)
amount of oxygen, soil salinity, and types of heterotrophs
d)
soil nitrogen content, amount of sunlight, and types of decomposers 
14.

Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA, is primarily found in the nuclei of human cells, and stores an individual's genetic information. Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

a)

DNA is a single helix consisting of sugars, phosphates, and the bases adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

b)

DNA is a single helix consisting of sugars, phosphates, and the bases adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine.

c)

DNA is a double helix consisting of sugars, phosphates, and the bases adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

d)

DNA is a double helix consisting of sugars, phosphates, and the bases adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine.

15.

Certain flowers exhibit non-Mendelian inheritance patterns. Japanese four o'clock plants exhibit incomplete inheritance. If a Japanese four o'clock plant with red flowers is crossed with a Japanese four o'clock plant with white flowers, what will most likely be the outcome?

a)

All of the offspring will have pink flowers.

b)

All of the offspring will have red flowers.

c)

All of the offspring will have white flowers.

d)

Half of the offspring will have red flowers, and half will have white flowers.

16.

Organisms can interact with each other in many different ways in an ecosystem. For example, protozoans that live in the digestive tracts of termites help termites digest the cellulose in the wood that the termites consume. The termites and the protozoa could not survive without each other. Which of the following terms best describes this relationship?

a)

mutualism

b)

neutralism

c)

competition

d)

amensalism

17.

Which of the following is most associated with the stage of mitosis known as metaphase?

a)

The cell's chromosomes are lined up along the equatorial plane.

b)

The nucleolus is dismantled.

c)

The chromatids are moved to opposite ends of the cell.

d)

The cell's DNA is replicated.

18.

Ecosystems include herbivores, omnivores, and carnivores. Which of the following identifies the correct trophic level for carnivores?

a)

primary consumers

b)

secondary consumers

c)

producers

d)

decomposers

19.

Random and permanent changes in DNA are called mutations. Which of the following is the term used to describe a mutation in which a segment of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches in the same position, but the order of the genes is reversed?

a)

substitution

b)

translocation

c)

inversion

d)

deletion

20.

During human fertilization, a single-celled zygote is formed. This cell divides, and the daughter cells continue to divide until an embryo is formed. Which of the following best describes this process of cell division?

a)

It produces daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

b)

It takes place during the S phase of interphase.

c)

It takes place during the G1 phase of interphase.

d)

It produces daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.