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Biology Final Review

Total questions: 53

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes.
a)
21
b)
23
c)
46
d)
None of the above
2.
The structures labeled B are
a)
centrioles
b)
chromatids
c)
centromeres
d)
chromopheres
3.
A human cell has 46 chromosomes before mitotic division.  How many chromosomes will the daughter cells after mitosis.
a)
12
b)
23
c)
46
d)
92
4.
Cells of organism must replicate for ?
a)
growth
b)
repair of damaged cells
c)
replacement of dying cells.
d)
All of the above
5.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of
a)
one haploid gamete
b)
three diploid gametes
c)
four diploid gametes
d)
four haploid gametes
6.
When an area of a chromatid is exchanged with the matching area on a chromatid of its homologous chromosome, _________________ occurs
a)
crossing over
b)
mutagenesis
c)
hybridization
d)
fertilization
7.
Human eggs and sperm are _____, and each has ____ chromosomes.
a)
diploid, 23
b)
diploid, 46
c)
haploid, 23
d)
haploid, 46
8.
Identify the phase.
a)
Metaphase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Prophase I
d)
Anaphase II
9.
This diagram  shows which cellular process that occurs in organisms?
a)
endocytosis
b)
mitosis
c)
meiosis
d)
phagocytosis
10.
Brown fur color is dominant over black fur color. Which of the following is the actual genotype of ALL of the offspring in the next generation of this cross for fur color?
AA x aa
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
brown fur
11.
If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?
a)
Purple
b)
Green
c)
GG
d)
gg
12.
A phenotype is the...
a)
letter combination
b)
dominant gene
c)
recessive gene
d)
physical appearance
13.
 Dominant alleles are-
a)

uppercase

b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
14.
 Recessive alleles are-
a)

uppercase

b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
15.
Tt is-
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
heterozygous
d)
none of these
16.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous recessive?
a)
RR
b)
Rr
c)
rr
d)
None of the Above
17.

A portion of mRNA is coded CUG. The complementary DNA is coded

a)
GAC
b)
GTC
c)
CTG
d)
CAG
18.

A portion of DNA reads GAG. The complementary mRNA would be

a)
GUG
b)
GTG
c)
CTC
d)
CUC
19.
The process of creating RNA using DNA as the template is
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
translocation
d)
Transylvania
20.
RNA is different from DNA in ___
a)
RNA is single stranded
b)
RNA has uracil 
c)
RNA has the sugar ribos
d)
All of these
21.
Where does DNA replication take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Golgi Body
22.
Which process is happening in this picture?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
23.
Proteins are simply a chain of amino acids.
a)
True
b)
False
24.
What bonds hold DNA bases together?
a)
nitrogen bonds
b)
hydrogen bonds
c)
phosphorus bonds
d)
carbon bonds
25.
IVF stands for
a)
In Vitro Fertilization
b)
Intravenous Fertilization 
c)
Individualized Variety of Fertilization 
d)
In Vivo Fertilization
26.
PGD can be used for 
a)
screen embryos for disease
b)
screen embryos to find a donor match for a sibling
c)
screen embryos for desirable traits (i.e. gender, hair color, etc)
d)
all of the above
27.

Which of the following did Darwin use to develop his theory of evolution?

a)
the Bible
b)
Wikipedia
c)
Alfred Russel Wallace
d)
finches on the Galapagos Islands
28.
Which of the following groups of people believe that God used evolution as a mechanism for how He created the diversity of life on Earth?
a)
Young Earth Creationists
b)
Day-Age Creationists
c)
Intelligent Design Theorists 
d)
Theistic Evolutionists 
29.
These are blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.
a)
veins
b)
capillaries
c)
plasma
d)
red cells
30.
Major artery at the top of the heart sends oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.
a)
aorta
b)
pulmonary artery
c)
inferior vena cava
31.
What structure attaches muscle to bone?
a)
ligament
b)
tendon
c)
cartilage
d)
cardiac muscle
32.
Label the Neuron-What does the letter "C" represent?
a)
Cell Body
b)
Dendrite
c)
Axon Terminal
d)
Myelin Sheath
33.
Label the Neuron-What does the letter "A" represent?
a)
Axon
b)
Dendrite
c)
Axon Terminal
d)
Cell Body
34.

The purpose of the circulatory system is

a)
To distribute nutrients and oxygen throughout the body
b)
To control the functions of the other body systems
c)
To move and stabilize the body
d)
To take in oxygen into the body and release carbon dioxide
35.
The purpose of the respiratory system is
a)
To distribute nutrients and oxygen throughout the body
b)
To control the functions of the other body systems
c)
To move and stabilize the body
d)
To take in oxygen into the body and release carbon dioxide
36.
The purpose of the muscular system is
a)
To distribute nutrients and oxygen throughout the body
b)
To control the functions of the other body systems
c)
To move and stabilize the body
d)
To take in oxygen into the body and release carbon dioxide
37.
The following is NOT a part of the digestive system: 
a)
Small Intestine
b)
Large Intestine
c)
Stomach
d)
Bladder
38.
The skeletal system is responsible for the production of...
a)
adrenalin
b)
red blood cells
c)
vitamins A and D
d)
calcium
39.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
40.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
41.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-
AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG
Mutant-
AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G
a)
deletion frameshift
b)
insertion frameshift
c)
substitution
d)
nonsense
42.

What is an autosome?

a)

A chromosome that determines sex

b)

Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome

c)

A single-stranded chromosome

d)

A chromosome found only in males

43.

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align at the cell's equator?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

44.

What is the main purpose of meiosis?

a)

To produce daughter cells for growth and repair

b)

To replicate DNA

c)

To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes

d)

To duplicate somatic cells

45.

What is the significance of crossing over during meiosis?

a)

It ensures that DNA is accurately replicated.

b)

It increases genetic variation among gametes.

c)

It reduces the number of chromosomes by half.

d)

It duplicates the DNA within the cell.

46.

In Mendelian genetics, what is the expected genotypic ratio in the offspring of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa)?

a)

1:2:1

b)

3:1

c)

9:3:3:1

d)

1:1

47.

What is the principle of segregation in Mendelian Genetics?

a)

Two alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation.

b)

Traits are inherited independently of each other.

c)

Only dominant traits are passed on to the next generation.

d)

Traits are blended from both parents.

48.

An organism is a hybrid genotype (Tt) but is appears tall instead of short.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

49.

A pink-flowered Mirabilis plant (RW) is crossed with a white-flowered mirabilis (WW). What is the chance that a seed from this cross will produce a red-flowered plant?

a)

0

b)

¼

c)

½

d)

1

50.

What are the building blocks of DNA called?

a)

Amino acids

b)

Nucleotides

c)

Fatty acids

d)

Proteins

51.

What is the shape of DNA?

a)

Double helix

b)

Single stranded

c)

Bilayer

d)

Quadrupedal

52.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose and phosphate
53.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond

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