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Sci 8 Unit D 2.0 MA, SR, Efficiency, Energy

Total questions: 82

Worksheet time: 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How many Joules of work is produced when 350N of force is used to move a car 5.21m?

Answer to nearest tenth.

(a)  

2.

The load has 5N of gravity. You pull on the forcemeter with 2.6N of force to lift up the load 10 cm. What is the Mechanical Advantage of the pulley system?

Answer to nearest tenth.

a)

0.25

b)

0.5

c)

1.9

d)

13

3.

How does a single fixed pulley, like the one seen in the picture, help to lift a load?

a)

changes the direction of the force

b)

increases the amount of applied force

c)

decreases the amount of applied force

d)

allows you to pull the rope a shorter distance than the load moves

4.

In which of these cases is work being done?

a)

A student memorizes a poem.

b)

A student pushes on a locked door.

c)

A student carries a chair to the front of the classroom.

d)

A student sits on the carpet

5.

Using a lever, Josie is able to lift a 20,000 N vehicle off of the ground with a force of 921 N. What is the mechanical advantage of the lever?

Answer to the nearest tenth.

6.

What is the mechanical advantage of this inclined plane?

Answer to the nearest tenth.

a)
2.4
b)

2

c)

2.5

7.

Which of the following is the most effective way to decrease the effort force needed to push a box to the top of the ramp in the picture?

a)

cover the surface with carpet

b)

increase the length of the ramp

c)

increase the height of the ramp

d)

decrease the length of the ramp

8.

A 16 N force is applied to an object that moves 4.3m.

How much work was done?

a)

3.7m

b)

16J 

c)

68.8J

d)

4.3 m 

9.

What is the efficiency of a machine if 55.3 J of work is done on the machine by the person, but only 14.3 J is produced by the machine on the load?

a)

0.25 J

b)

26%

c)

386%

d)

3.86 J

10.
What is the efficiency of the machine if the work input is 263 J and the work output is 142 J? 
a)
6.26%
b)
54%
c)
100%
d)
260%
11.

If the efficiency of a machine is 61.4%, then how much efficiency is lost to friction and heat? 

a)

1.4%

b)

38.6%

c)

61.4%

d)

100%

12.

A 100 N container is placed on a lever, and the force you apply to lift the container is 20 Newtons, what is the lever's mechanical advantage?

a)

120 N

b)

5 N

c)

2000 N

d)

80 N

13.

What is the formula for mechanical advantage?

a)

MA=

input force x output force

b)

MA=

output force/input force

c)

MA=

input force/output force

d)

MA=

output force - input force

14.

What is the mechanical advantage of a lever if you lift a load of 300 newtons and you only push down on the lever with 50 newtons?

a)

250

b)

50

c)

60

d)

6

15.

True or False:

Most machines can be 100% efficient on Earth.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

A machine's ability to convert input work to output work is called...

a)

efficiency

b)

power

c)

input force

d)

mechanical advantage

17.

What is the speed ratio if you push down 10m on a lever and the load is lifted 2 m?

a)

5

b)

10

c)

2

d)

1

18.

Machines don't reduce the amount of work energy you need to move objects, but they reduce ____________.

a)

Weight

b)

Mass

c)

Input Force

d)

Height

19.

The unit of work is

a)
Newton 
b)
Joule
c)
Watt
d)

Gram

20.
The force that is exerted on a machine is called the _______ force
a)
input
b)
output
21.

True or False?

Work is done when you exert a force on an object and the object moves in the direction of the force.

a)

true

b)

false

22.
If you push a cart with a force of 60 N for 2 m, how much work have you done?
a)
120 J
b)
30 J
c)
120 N 
d)
30 N
23.
Both work and energy are measured in 
a)
joules
b)
newtons
c)
meters
d)
seconds
24.

If 68 Joules were necessary to move a 4 N crate, how far was the crate moved?

a)

272 m

b)

17 m

c)

4.05 m

d)

272 cm 

25.

A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200 N. The car does not move. How much work was done by the boy on the car?

a)

200N

b)

200J

c)

0J

d)

0N

26.
A person applies a force to a wall. 
a)

  Work is done because the person uses energy when applying the force  

b)

Work is done because the wall heats up at the place where the force is applied  

c)

No work is done

27.
The amount of force pushing on an area is the definition of....
a)
Fluid
b)
Viscosity
c)

Density

d)
Pressure
28.

Which is the rule that states: 'When force is applied to a confined fluid, the increase in pressure is transmitted equally throughout."?

a)

Pascal's Law

b)

Bernoulli's Principle

c)

Archimedes' Principle

d)

Newton's Law

29.
If you buy a machine that has an efficiency of 82%, what happened to the other 18%?
a)
The energy was lost to friction, heat and other forms of energy
b)
There is not enough information given
30.

What is the efficiency of the machine if the input work is 263 J and the output work is 142 J? 

a)

6.26%

b)

54%

c)

100%

d)

260%

31.
How can a machine make work easier for you?
a)
by decreasing the amount of work you do
b)
by decreasing your effort force
c)
by increasing the work done by the machine
d)
none of the above
32.
If a sailor pulls 3.9m on a pulley rope and the sail goes up 1.8m, what is the speed ratio of the pulley system?
a)
1.8
b)
2.2
c)
7.02
d)
14.2
33.
Which wastes more energy?
a)
A more efficient machine
b)
A less efficient machine
34.

In what way do most machines transfer wasted energy to their surroundings?

a)

by movement

b)

by light

c)

by electricity

d)

by heat

35.

If the handle on a wheel and axle is turned 1.6m to lift up a baby dragon 0.3m, what is the speed ratio of the pulley system?

a)

0.3

b)

0.48

c)

1.6

d)

5.3

36.
If you push a lever 0.8m with a force of 12N, and a 30N baby alligator is lifted 0.2m, what is the efficiency of the lever system?
a)

12.3%

b)

16.4%

c)

30.2%

d)

62.5%

37.

If you push a wagon with a baby elephant up a 3.2m inclined plane using a force of 24N, and the 52 N baby elephant is lifted 1.1m, what is the efficiency of the inclined plane?

a)

18%

b)

46%

c)

74%

d)

96%

38.
What is the efficiency of a machine with a Mechanical Advantage of 3.3 and a Speed Ratio of 4.7?
a)
33%
b)
47%
c)
70%
d)
95%
39.

What is the efficiency of a typical fuel-combustion vehicle?

a)

5%

b)

25%

c)

40%

d)

60%

40.
What is the picture showing?
a)
pneumatic jack
b)
hydraulic jack
c)
compression system
d)
decompression chamber
41.
To have a mechanical advantage, the load would be placed on which piston?
a)
Piston A
b)
Piston B
42.
To reduce the effect of heat on a mechanical system, ______________ would be used.
a)
fans and lubricants
b)
fans and gears
c)
lubricants and gears
d)
belts and chains
43.

True or False: In an ideal situation with no friction, mechanical advantage is always less than the speed ratio when lifting a load.

a)

true

b)

false

44.

Mechanical Advantage is also known as the ...

a)

Hydraulic Output

b)

Work Input

c)

Speed Ratio

d)

Force Ratio

45.

A common form of input energy used 500 years ago to operate machines was...

a)

oil

b)

animals

c)

gas

d)

wind

46.

True or False: Using a machine means that less work is done.

a)

true

b)

false

47.

A mechanical engineer designs...

a)

engines

b)

amusement park rides

c)

lawnmowers

d)

all of the above

48.

Which pulley system would have a higher mechanical advantage if both systems are lifting a 100N load up 20 cm off the ground?

a)

A

b)

B

49.

A machine has an efficiency of 30%. How much energy is lost to friction or heat when the machine is operating?

a)

70 %

b)

There is not enough information given

c)

50%

d)

30%

50.

In a combustion engine vehicle, most efficiency is lost due to

a)

aerodynamics

b)

tire pressure

c)

friction in moving components

d)

using the air conditioner

51.

What is the mechanical advantage of pulley C

a)

1

b)

2

c)

4

d)

8

52.

Which pulley system is the best to lift the load?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

53.

In order to reduce input effort force, the load should be placed on which piston?

a)

A

b)

B

54.

Calculate the efficiency of the following device.    

 

If you push down 2.8 m on a lever with 50 N and the 80N load goes up 1.3 m,       

then what is the approximate efficiency of the lever?

a)

14 %

b)

30 %

c)

73 %

d)

93 %

55.

Match the following to their SI measurements

a)

Work

1.

Joules (J)

b)

Force

2.

Newtons (N)

c)

distance

3.

meters (m)

d)

time

4.

seconds (s)

56.

Identify whether work is done or not in the picture

a)

Yes

b)

No

57.
Which of the following is the best example of work being done. 
a)

doing homework

b)

lifting a box

c)

pushing on a wall

d)

holding a box

58.

It took 500 Newtons of force to push a car four meters. How much work was done?

a)

2000 J

b)

125 J

c)

0.008 J

d)

500 J

59.
To increase the mechanical advantage of a lever
a)
make sure the fulcrum is in the middle of the lever
b)
move the fulcrum closer to the load
c)
move the fulcrum closer to the effort
d)
use a bigger fulcrum
60.

To lift the 200kg load, a person calculates the input force to be 120N. When the person tries to lift the load, the person must use more than 120N of input force.

The difference between the calculated input force and the actual input force is likely due to

a)

gravity

b)

friction

c)

pressure

d)

Pascal's Law

61.

Look at the diagram of work input and work output for a fuel combustion car.

Which output work is considered wasted energy?

a)

air conditioner

b)

car moving forward

c)

heat and friction

62.

What is the primary energy source of this calculator?

a)

battery

b)

solar

c)

gas

d)

human

63.

Which lever requires less effort force to lift a load?

a)

longer lever

b)

shorter lever

64.

Example where friction is useful

a)

when polishing a car

b)

on a curling rink

c)

to make a sled move faster

d)

brakes on a bike

65.

What is mechanical advantage?

a)

The advantage a machine has over a bicycle

b)

A measure of how much a simple machine reduces work

c)

A measure of when is the best time to use a simple machine

d)

the number of times a machine decreases the input force

66.

What is the mechanical advantage for this lever?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

1/2

d)

8

67.

Due to __________, the work put into a machine is always greater than the work output

a)

energy

b)

efficiency

c)

friction

d)

mass

68.

The ratio of work output to work input is called

a)

energy

b)

efficiency

c)

friction

d)

mass

69.

The primary source of energy for this vehicle is

a)

solar

b)

battery

c)

gas

d)

diesel

70.

The primary source of energy for this calculator is

a)

solar

b)

battery

c)

gas

d)

diesel

71.

The primary source of energy for this vehicle is

a)

solar

b)

electrical

c)

gas

d)

water

72.

Which device has a battery as the primary source of energy?

a)
b)
c)

d)

73.

To lift a load of sand, a worker calculates that 75N of force is required to lift the load. When lifting the load, the worker needed to apply more than 75N of force.

The most likely explanation for the difference between the calculated force and the actual force required is that ​ (a)   made it ​ (b)   to lift the load.

Choose from the below words
friction
more difficult
gravity
easier
74.

Pascal’s Law states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted

a)

to the walls of the container which double the pressure.

b)

equally in all directions throughout the fluid.

c)

by the transfer force in the fluid.

d)

to the opposite piston where it increases the force.

75.
A machine has a work output of 8 joules and requires 10 joules of work input to operate. What is the machine's efficiency?
a)
8 J
b)
10 J
c)
80%
d)
800%
76.

If a machine is only 30% efficient, it means that

a)

30% of energy is destroyed

b)

70% of energy is destroyed

c)

30% of energy is converted into unusable energy

d)

70% of energy is converted into unusable energy

77.

If F1 is 57.2N and F2 is 161.5N, then what is the mechanical advantage of the hydraulic lift?

Answer to the nearest tenth.

(a)  

78.
What is the efficiency of a machine that has work input of 40 joules and work output of 35 joules?
a)
87.50%
b)
1200
c)
1.142
d)
114%
79.

Person A picks up a 30 N rock and raises it 2 m off the ground. Person B picks up a 25 N rock and raises it 3 m off the ground. Who put more work into moving a rock?

a)

Person A

b)

Person B

80.
A machine that changes only the direction of a force has a mechanical advantage of _______.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
10
d)
100
81.
What is the efficiency of a machine if 55.3 J of work are done on the machine, but only 14.3 J is produced by the 1machine?
a)
0.25 J
b)
26%
c)
386%
d)
3.86 J
82.
What is the efficiency of the machine if the input is 263 J and the output is 142 J? 
a)
6.26%
b)
54%
c)
100%
d)
260%