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WorksheetsUnit 3: Work and Forces in Living Things Review
Total questions: 51
Worksheet time: 4hrs 11mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
a)
I
b)
II
c)
III
d)
IV
2.
Identify the situation in which no work is being done.
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
3.
Identify a situation below in which work is being done.
a)
turning a page in a science book
b)
reading a science book
c)
resting a science book against the wall
d)
holding a science book
4.
What evidence proves that no work is being done on an object?
a)
An object has mass.
b)
An object has volume.
c)
An object moves from one point to another.
d)
An object does not move from one point to another.
5.
A batter walks up to home plate with his bat, stands with his bat in the air, swings his bat, and makes contact with the ball. In which part of this situation is no work occurring?
a)
Batter walks up to home plate with his bat
b)
Batter stands with his bat in the air
c)
Batter swings the bat
d)
Batter makes contact with the ball
6.
How much work is done if a force of 2 N is used to move a box 4 m?
a)
0.5 Nm
b)
2 Nm
c)
6 Nm
d)
8 Nm
7.
Using the above graphic, who is doing more work to move the barrel into the truck?
a)
The man using the short ramp is doing more work.
b)
The man using the long ramp is doing more work.
c)
They are both doing the same amount of work.
d)
There is not enough information provided.
8.
Two containers were delivered to the office. The mass of one container is 4.0 kg, while the other is 2.5 kg.
Which of the following situations demonstrates work being done?
Which of the following situations demonstrates work being done?
a)
A person is standing and holding the 2.5 kg container.
b)
A person is holding the 4.0 kg container above their head.
c)
A person is lifting the 2.5 kg container from the floor to the table.
d)
A person is holding the 4.0 kg container while sitting in their seat.
9.
A girl and a boy are helping to arrange furniture in their living room. The girl applies a force of 100 Newtons on a table. The table slides across the floor in the direction she pushes it. The boy pushes on a piano with a force of 500 Newtons. The piano does not move.
How does the work done by the two people compare?
How does the work done by the two people compare?
a)
The girl did a lot of work on a table. The boy did a little work on a piano.
b)
The boy did not do any work on a piano. The girl did do work on a table.
c)
The boy did more work on the piano than the girl did on the table.
d)
Neither student did work.
10.
What happens when a force acts on an object?
a)
The object moves away from the direction of the force applied.
b)
The object moves in the direction of the force applied.
c)
The object accelerates upward.
d)
The object does not move.
11.
A sheet of notebook paper lying motionless on a table and not touched by an outside force will MOST likely remain motionless because —
a)
balanced forces exerted by gravity and the table keep the paper motionless
b)
an unbalanced force is exerted by the table to keep the paper motionless
c)
balanced forces exerted by gravity and the air keep the paper motionless
d)
an unbalanced force is exerted by the air to keep the paper motionless
12.
Ken wants to move a large bolder in his back yard. He has another large rock and piece of wood to work with. Which arrangement will be most efficient to move the rock?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
13.
Paul is moving two identical boxes. He picks up one box and lifts it one meter straight up. This requires 180 N of force. He pushes the second box up a ramp that is 3 m long. This requires 60 N of force. Which statement best describes the amount of work Paul accomplished when moving the two boxes?
a)
It requires 3 times more work to lift the box straight up.
b)
Lifting the box straight up requires one-third the work.
c)
Pushing the box up the ramp requires 120 N less work.
d)
It requires the same amount of work to move each box.
14.
A student slides a book across a desk by giving it an initial push. Which of the following is the MOST important reason that the book eventually comes to a stop instead of continuing to slide?
a)
The initial force was too weak to keep the book in motion.
b)
The mass of the book was not enough to keep the book in motion.
c)
The force that occurs when the book rubs against the desk stops the book.
d)
The magnetic force from the Earth stops the book.
15.
In the diagrams above two forces are exerted on an object. The forces are represented by arrows. The length of the arrow indicates the magnitude of the force. In which of the diagrams will the motion of the object remain unchanged?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
16.
A book is sliding across a horizontal tabletop and is slowing down. Which of the following statements is accurate about this situation?
a)
There is a balanced force on the book caused by gravity.
b)
There is no upward force acting on the book.
c)
There is an unbalanced force on the book caused by friction.
d)
There are no unbalanced forces acting on the book.
17.
What is often used to change the amount of or direction of force needed?
a)
work
b)
simple machines
c)
friction
d)
electricity
18.
Students want to raise a large crate from the ground to a deck several feet above the ground. They know it will be easier to move the crate along an inclined plane because the inclined plane will —
a)
reduce the work needed to raise the crate
b)
increase the force applied to the crate
c)
increase the work done to the crate
d)
reduce the force to raise the crate
19.
a)
A student is sitting in a chair and holding both boxes.
b)
A student is holding the large box 1 m above the floor.
c)
A student is standing and holding the small box.
d)
A student is lifting the small box 0.5 m from the floor to a table.
20.
a)
The athlete does no work on either the 200 N weights or the 400 N weights.
b)
The athlete does no work on the 200 N weights but does work on the 400 N weights.
c)
The athlete does work on both the 200 N weights and the 400 N weights.
d)
The athlete does work on the 200 N weights but does no work on the 400 N weights.
21.
Four students volunteered to help a librarian move containers of library materials. The graph shows the amount of force used to lift the containers. The numbers in the bars show the mass of each container. The results for each student helper are shown in the table.
Based on this information, which student helper did not do any work on a container?
Based on this information, which student helper did not do any work on a container?
a)
Helper W
b)
Helper X
c)
Helper Y
d)
Helper Z
22.
A clerk at a hardware store performed the activities in the list.
Which statement best describes the amount of work performed for the three activities?
Which statement best describes the amount of work performed for the three activities?
a)
Activity 3 required more work than Activity 1, but Activity 3 did not require more work than Activity 2.
b)
Activity 1 required the same amount of work as Activity 3.
c)
Activity 2 required the most work.
d)
Activity 1 was the only activity that required work.
23.
In a germinating seed, the downward growth of roots and upward growth of leaves and stems are the plant's responses to —
a)
sunlight
b)
gravity
c)
osmosis
d)
water
24.
What caused the behavior of the plant in the diagram above?
a)
Response to gravity
b)
Negative homeostasis
c)
Excessive humidity
d)
Lack of turgor pressure
25.
In order for an embryo plant to emerge from a seed and grow into a seedling, the seed coat must split open.
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
26.
The pictures above show a gerbera daisy that has experienced a change called wilting. Which of the statements below best describes what has happened from Picture A to Picture B?
a)
Water entering the plant increased the turgor pressure in the cells of the flower.
b)
Water entering and leaving the cells of the flower at equal rates kept turgor pressure equal.
c)
Lack of water in the soil decreased the turgor pressure in the cells of the flower.
d)
Lack of sunlight on a cloudy day caused the flower to lose turgor pressure.
27.
The picture above shows a seed germinating and growing into a young plant. Many forces are at work in the process of forming a seedling. The roots of the seedling grow downward into the soil, and the stem of the seedling grows upward above the soil.
What stimulus is the seedling responding to that causes the roots and stem to grow in opposite directions?
What stimulus is the seedling responding to that causes the roots and stem to grow in opposite directions?
a)
WATER
b)
LIGHT
c)
GRAVITY
d)
TEMPERATURE
28.
Which part of the plant above demonstrates the greatest amount of turgor pressure?
a)
PART A
b)
PART B
c)
PART C
d)
PART D
29.
What must happen for a seed to emerge from the soil as a seedling?
a)
The soil must erode and expose the seed to the sunlight.
b)
An animal searching for food must disrupt the soil.
c)
The seed must exert a force to push a shoot up through the soil.
d)
Another plant must die to make room for the new plant.
30.
Seeds that are planted upside down are still able to grow into mature plants. Which explanation best explains this phenomenon?
a)
The roots change into branches, and the branches turn into roots.
b)
The roots grow toward the force of gravity, and the shoots grow away.
c)
The plant will become a smaller version of a mature plant.
d)
Roots always grow toward the dark, and shoots grow toward the light.
31.
If the top portion of plants grow "up," explain why a small tree on a hillside does not grow straight out from the hillside?
a)
The tree is growing toward water.
b)
The tree is resting on the hillside.
c)
The tree is leaning toward the top of the hill so rain won't wash it off.
d)
The tree's roots and trunk are growing in response to gravity.
32.
Which of these best completes the concept map?
a)
calcium
b)
friction
c)
gravity
d)
chemical imbalance
33.
The diagram illustrates a seed germinating. Many forces, including responses to moisture, temperature, and gravity are at work in this process. Which part of the seedling is demonstrating a negative response to gravity and which is showing a positive response to gravity?
a)
I is negative and III is positive.
b)
II is negative and III is positive.
c)
III is negative and IV is positive.
d)
IV is negative and II is positive.
34.
The diagram illustrates a seed germinating. Many forces, including responses to moisture, light, temperature, and gravity are at work in this process.
Which of the following correctly describes two of the seedling's responses to stimuli?
Which of the following correctly describes two of the seedling's responses to stimuli?
a)
I is negative to light, and III is positive to gravity.
b)
II is negative to light, and III is positive to gravity.
c)
II is positive to gravity, and IV is positive to moisture.
d)
IV is negative to temperature, and II is negative to gravity.
35.
Scientists on a space shuttle mission studying plant growth would probably see that the plants on the space shuttle do not grow in the same direction and pattern as those on Earth. Scientists working in space would MOST LIKELY be studying the effects of which of the following stimuli on plant growth?
a)
gravity
b)
oxygen
c)
radiation
d)
temperature
36.
The tip of a plant's root is covered by a root cap. The root cap produces a slimy, slippery substance. Which of the following is the MOST likely purpose for this substance?
a)
absorbing water and nutrients in soil
b)
reducing the plant's need for soil
c)
helping roots grow through the soil
d)
anchoring the plant to the soil
37.
A bean plant grown on Earth and a bean plant grown aboard the International Space Station are MOST likely to differ in the —
a)
color of their leaves
b)
shape of their root systems
c)
nutrients they need to survive
d)
way they respond to direct light
38.
This simple machine can be used to lift a weight. It has a fulcrum, or pivot point, which can be located in the center, near the end or at the end.
a)
pulley
b)
lever
c)
screw
d)
inclined plane
39.
two parts act as one simple machine that roll
a)
pulley
b)
wheel and axle
c)
pulley
d)
inclined plane
40.
This is necessary to get something moving.
a)
resistance
b)
Wheel & Axle
c)
force
d)
wedge
41.
When a person eats too much food, they store the extra energy as fat. Which type of energy transformation is occurring in the body as energy from food is turned into fat?
a)
Mechanical to thermal
b)
Chemical to chemical
c)
Thermal to chemical
d)
Thermal to radiant
42.
When your body needs additional energy, like when you run, things happen in your body systems to give you the additional food and oxygen you need in your cells. Which of the following is happening to send more energy to cells when you are running?
I. Your skeletal system gets stronger.
II. Your digestive system breaks down food faster.
III. Your heart pumps blood with more force.
IV. Your lungs work harder and faster.
I. Your skeletal system gets stronger.
II. Your digestive system breaks down food faster.
III. Your heart pumps blood with more force.
IV. Your lungs work harder and faster.
a)
II and IV
b)
III and IV
c)
I and III
d)
I and II
43.
Energy stored in foods is _____________; digested food releases ___________ energy for movement and ________________ energy as heat.
a)
chemical, mechanical, thermal
b)
radiant, thermal, mechanical
c)
heat, mechanical, thermal
d)
mechanical, thermal, chemical
44.
Animals are consumers, meaning they need to eat food for energy because they cannot make their own. Which energy transformation is taking place when an animal eats food so it can keep warm?
a)
Mechanical to thermal
b)
Mechanical to radiant
c)
Chemical to thermal
d)
Radiant to chemical
45.
A student prepares for a five-mile run so she eats a nutritious meal three hours before the run. Which correctly illustrates the transformation of energy from eating the meal to the five-mile run?
a)
Chemical → Thermal
b)
Chemical → Mechanical → Thermal
c)
Thermal → Mechanical
d)
Mechanical → Thermal → Chemical
46.
What kind of energy is stored in food?
a)
thermal
b)
chemical
c)
mechanical
d)
electrical
47.
What provides the body with the energy it needs for growth, movement, response, and repair?
a)
fiber
b)
vitamins
c)
glucose
d)
water
48.
Which of the following energy transformations occur when humans use energy from food to exercise?
a)
Mechanical → thermal → chemical
b)
Radiant → mechanical → thermal
c)
Chemical → thermal → mechanical
d)
Thermal → electrical → mechanical
49.
Reptiles do not have the ability to create their own heat, and instead, sit in the sun for long periods of time in the mornings to warm up. Mammals and birds, on the other hand, have the ability to create their own heat. Where do mammals and birds get the energy for this heat?
a)
from oxygen they breath in
b)
from sunlight the animals absorb
c)
from body fat that keeps all heat trapped in the body
d)
from food the animals eat
50.
Warm-blooded animals have the ability to shiver when they get into extreme heat deficiency. The muscles begin to move very quickly, causing the body to change its stored energy into other molecules. During this process, heat is given off. What is the energy transfer that is occurring when an animal shivers?
a)
thermal energy to chemical energy
b)
chemical energy to thermal energy
c)
mechanical energy to thermal energy
d)
thermal energy to mechanical energy
51.
Plants get their energy from the Sun through photosynthesis. This energy is trapped in the bonds of the complex compounds the plants create from carbon dioxide and water. The plants are then eaten by animals, and the energy is used for heat and movement. Which of the following is an energy transfer that is conducted inside an animal in the above scenario?
a)
radiant energy to mechanical energy
b)
radiant energy to chemical energy
c)
chemical energy to mechanical energy
d)
chemical energy to radiant energy
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