Free Printable Environmental Science Chapters 4 and 5 Review

1.

A group of communities interacting together (includes biotic and abiotic factors)

a)

Population

b)

Species

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Community

2.

Process in which individuals that have favorable variations and are better adapted to their environment, survive and reproduce more successfully than those less well adapted (survival of the fittest)

a)

Evolution

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Artificial Selection

d)

Resistance

3.

Change in characteristics of a population from one generation to the next (Descent with modification)

a)

Evolution

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Artificial Selection

d)

Resistance

4.

Ability of an organism to tolerate a chemical upon exposure

a)

Resistance

b)

Angiosperm

c)

Gymnosperm

d)

The organism is just that cool...or dangerous

5.

Flowering plant that produce seeds in fruit

a)

Gymnosperm

b)

Angiosperm

6.

Non-flowering plant with exposed seeds or seeds not enclosed in an ovary or fruit

a)

Angiosperm

b)

Gymnosperm

7.

Organism with a backbone

a)

Vertebrate

b)

Invertebrate

8.

Organism without a backbone

a)

Invertebrate

b)

Vertebrate

9.

Stored energy

a)

Kinetic

b)

Potential

10.

Energy due to motion

a)

Potential

b)

Kinetic

11.

Organisms that use the sun to produce sugar via photosynthesis

a)

Phototrophs

b)

Chemotrophs

12.

Organisms that use H₂S (Hydrogen sulfide) to produce sugars via chemosynthesis

a)

Phototrophs

b)

Chemotrophs

13.

Organisms that consume to obtain energy, break down stored sugars via aerobic/cellular respiration (includes herbivores and carnivores)

a)

Autotrophs

b)

Heterotrophs

c)

Decomposers

d)

Detritivores

14.

Organisms that feeds and break down dead organisms (includes bacteria and fungi)

a)

Autotrophs

b)

Heterotrophs

c)

Decomposers

d)

Detritivores

15.

The decaying flesh of dead animals (spelling counts for this one!)

a)

Caron

b)

Carion

c)

Carrion

d)

Carry on :)

16.

States that all organisms and nonliving factors on Earth are connected

a)

Gaia Hypothesis

b)

Avatar

c)

Eywa

d)

...just pick the Gaia hypothesis please :)

17.

Which of the following is NOT part of the Ecological hierarchy?

a)

population

b)

community

c)

cell

d)

ecosystem

18.

An organism is resistant to a chemical if it

a)

has been exposed to a small amount of the chemical over time

b)

has a gene that protects it from the chemical

c)

did not eat anything with the chemical on it

d)

none of the above

19.

Which of the following converts nitrogen in the air into a form plants can use?

a)

fungi

b)

protists

c)

animals

d)

bacteria

20.

Many angiosperms depend on

a)

other animals in the oceans

b)

animals to carry pollen and disperse seeds

c)

gymnosperms for reproduction

d)

plants for food

21.

Which law of thermodynamics states that no reaction is 100% for it loses energy (systems spontaneously increase in entropy)?

a)

1st

b)

2nd

c)

3rd

d)

none are correct

22.

Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed (changes form)

a)

1st

b)

2nd

c)

3rd

d)

none are correct

23.

If an insect eats a plant and a bird eats the insect, about how much energy from the plant is stored in the insect for the bird to use?

a)

90%

b)

50%

c)

10%

d)

1%

24.

Which gas makes up 78% of our atmosphere but can be used by plants only when transformed by bacteria first?

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Oxygen

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Carbon dioxide

25.

Which of the following plants is likely to be a pioneer species?

a)

lichen

b)

grass

c)

oak tree

d)

shrub

26.

What kind of natural disaster helps with some forest communities by allowing some trees to release their seeds, by clearing away deadwood, and by encouraging new growth?

a)

fire

b)

flood

c)

drought

d)

windstorm

27.

Where would an ecologist be LEAST likely to go to study primary succession?

a)

a new island formed by a volcanic eruption

b)

a gravel-filled valley that had been covered by a glacier until recently

c)

a locked, abandoned asphalt parking lot in New York City

d)

the Amazon Rain Forest

28.

Which statement describes how humans are affecting the balance of carbon in the atmosphere?

a)

Burning fossil fuels in great quantities has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

b)

Fewer agricultural crops are planted, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere

c)

Overgrazing of grasslands has reduced the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

d)

Severe drought in large areas of the world has decreased the amount of carbon dioxide that is released into the atmosphere

29.

Consumers are organisms that

a)

eat only other animal species

b)

get solar or other energy indirectly

c)

are also known as self-feeders

d)

occupy an ecosystems lowest energy level

30.

The energy consumed by organisms

a)

can be stored in fat and sugar molecules

b)

undergoes magnification in food chains

c)

remains constant at all trophic levels

d)

is not partially lost during digestion

31.

Plants play a crucial role in the carbon cycle because they

a)

do not release carbon dioxide during cellular respiration

b)

have special bacteria that live in their root system

c)

are chemically converted fossil fuels when burned

d)

allow carbon to enter an ecosystem through photosynthesis

32.

Which of the following is responsible for making nitrogen in the atmosphere usable by living organisms

a)

absorption of nitrogen into water systems

b)

conversion of nitrogen into carbohydrates by photosynthesis

c)

nitrogen-fixing bacteria

d)

decomposing bacteria

33.

Which of the following is an example of secondary succession?

a)

breaking down of bare rock by fungi and mosses

b)

growth of plants after a forest is destroyed by fire

c)

pioneer plants begin to grow after glacial melting

d)

appearance of weeds in cracks in a concrete surface

34.

Which energy pyramid shows the number of organic materials at each trophic level?

a)

Pyramid of Numbers

b)

Pyramid of Biomass

c)

Pyramid of Energy

d)

none are correcgt

35.

Which item is a carbon sink and NOT part of the carbon cycle?

a)

carbon in the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide

b)

carbon dioxide being converted into carbohydrates during photosynthesi

c)

consumers breaking down carbohydrates into carbon dioxide during cellular respiration

d)

carbon found within limestone rocks

36.

Most bacteria including the kinds that cause disease and those found in the garden soil, belong to the kingdom __________

a)

eubacteria

b)

archaebacteria

37.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria live within the nodules on the roots of plants called ___________

a)

styles

b)

legumes

c)

anthers

d)

pistils

38.

The first organisms to colonize any newly available area are known as _________

a)

pioneer species

b)

climax community

39.

During primary succession, ____________often begin the process by breaking down the rocks into soil.

a)

grass

b)

annual plants

c)

lichens

40.

During succession, a final and stable community is referred to as a(n) ___________.

a)

climax community

b)

pioneer species

41.

Needed for plants to make amino acids and DNA.

a)

Water Cycle

b)

Nitrogen Cycle

c)

Carbon Cycle

d)

Phosphorus Cycle

42.

Transpiration is a process in plants that is part of this cycle.

a)

Water Cycle

b)

Nitrogen Cycle

c)

Carbon Cycle

d)

Phosphorus Cycle

43.

Precipitation→Runoff→Percolation are all processes in this cycle

a)

Water Cycle

b)

Nitrogen Cycle

c)

Carbon Cycle

d)

Phosphorus Cycle

44.

A large amount of this element is stored as fossil fuels

a)

Water Cycle

b)

Nitrogen Cycle

c)

Carbon Cycle

d)

Phosphorus Cycle

45.

Succession from bare rock to mature plant community on an island in northern Lake Superior included the following stages: exposed rock, lichens and mosses, small herbs and shrubs, black spruce, and white spruce
Was the succession primary or secondary?

a)

Primary because no previous ecosystem existed. The soil was formed by natural processes.

b)

Secondary because there was a previous ecosystem there

46.

Succession from bare rock to mature plant community on an island in northern Lake Superior included the following stages: exposed rock, lichens and mosses, small herbs and shrubs, black spruce, and white spruce
What is the most likely explanation for the exposed rock?

a)

Forming of glaciers

b)

Retreating of glaciers

47.

Succession from bare rock to mature plant community on an island in northern Lake Superior included the following stages: exposed rock, lichens and mosses, small herbs and shrubs, black spruce, and white spruce
What are the pioneer organisms?

a)

exposed rock

b)

lichens and mosses

c)

small herbs and shrubs

d)

black and white spruce

48.

Succession from bare rock to mature plant community on an island in northern Lake Superior included the following stages: exposed rock, lichens and mosses, small herbs and shrubs, black spruce, and white spruce
How are lichens able to live on bare rock?

a)

It was done by artificial processes

b)

It was aided by weathering to help break down the rock

49.

Succession from bare rock to mature plant community on an island in northern Lake Superior included the following stages: exposed rock, lichens and mosses, small herbs and shrubs, black spruce, and white spruce
The white spruce are part of which: pioneer or climax community?

a)

Climax community

b)

pioneer

50.

What two environmental effects occur with too much Nitrogen in the atmosphere?

a)

smog and erosion

b)

acid rain and erosion

c)

smog and acid rain

Environmental Science Chapters 4 and 5 Review

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

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