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WorksheetsEOC Genetics Review (Ch. 11)
Total questions: 54
Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Genetics is the study of
a)
bacteria
b)
evolution
c)
heredity
d)
reproduction
2.
Which shows the correct sequence of events in reproduction?
a)
gamete formation, zygote formation, fertilization
b)
fertilization, gamete formation, zygote formation
c)
gamete formation, fertilization, zygote formation
d)
zygote formation, fertilization, gamete formation
3.
The process of asexual reproduction forms offspring from
a)
a single organism
b)
the process of mating
c)
male and female parents
d)
the joining of two sets of chromosomes
4.
To maintain the number of chromosomes from parents to offspring during sexual reproduction, two steps are required. The first meiosis, results in
a)
twice as many chromosomes as in the original cell
b)
rearranged chromosomes of the same size and number.
c)
larger chromosomes than those in the original cell.
d)
half the number of chromosomes as in the original cell.
5.
The process of meiosis, which is a special kind of cell division, forms gametes for
a)
growth
b)
repair
c)
replacement
d)
reproduction
6.
Most animals reproduce sexually. The egg and sperm cells involved in sexual reproduction are formed by
a)
budding
b)
cloning
c)
meiosis
d)
regeneration
7.
Sperm resulting from meiosis have all these characteristics EXCEPT a
a)
tail-like structure for movement.
b)
large supply of cytoplasm for food.
c)
set of chromosomes for body traits.
d)
size close to that of most other sperm.
8.
After the production of sperm and egg cells during sexual reproduction, what happens at fertilization?
a)
Eggs and sperm are separated.
b)
Four equal cells are produced
c)
The chromosome number is cut in half.
d)
The original chromosome number is restored.
9.
What happens during meiosis?
a)
The number of chromosomes increases from haploid to diploid.
b)
The number of chromosomes decreases from diploid to haploid.
c)
There is a segregation of dominant and recessive genes.
d)
There is an integration of dominant and recessive genes.
10.
Which is true of meiosis?
a)
Identical cells are produced.
b)
Haploid cells are produced.
c)
Fertilized cells are produced.
d)
Somatic cells are produced.
11.
Which is usually considered a disadvantage of asexual reproduction?
a)
It is a fast method of reproduction.
b)
It produces a large number of offspring.
c)
It requires two parents.
d)
It produces identical offspring.
12.
Half of Wendy's chromosomes came from her mother and half from her father. Few of her chromosomes are identical to those of either parent because most of the genes on them have been exchanged with genes on other chromosomes. What process accounts for this?
a)
independent assortment
b)
crossing over
c)
nondisjunction
d)
segregation
13.
Which is NOT true of meiosis?
a)
Both eggs and sperm cells have the same number of chromosomes.
b)
Both eggs and sperm cells have one-half the parent cells' chromosome number.
c)
It is a process producing gametes only.
d)
It is the same process that occurs in body cell division.
14.
An egg and a sperm cell each have 16 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will the new life form they produce have?
a)
8
b)
16
c)
32
d)
64
15.
All chromosomes are composed of
a)
DNA and lipids
b)
DNA and protein
c)
RNA and lipids
d)
RNA and protein
16.
During meiosis how many times is the DNA replicated?
a)
zero times
b)
one time
c)
two times
d)
four times
17.
What is (are) formed during replication?
a)
amino acids
b)
DNA
c)
protein
d)
RNA
18.
Hemophilia is more common in males than females because it is caused by a
a)
dominant gene found on the X chromosome.
b)
dominant gene found on the Y chromosome.
c)
recessive gene found on the X chromosome.
d)
recessive gene found on the Y chromosome.
19.
Which condition is caused by a chromosome going the wrong way during genetic formation producing a zygote with an extra chromosome?
a)
color blindness
b)
Cooley's syndrome
c)
Down's syndrome
d)
hemophilia
20.
The uniting of egg and sperm is
a)
fertilization
b)
germination
c)
mutation
d)
pollination
21.
An individual's sex is determined by his or her sex chromosomes. Which is NOT correct?
a)
Sperm carry only the Y chromosome.
b)
A zygote with chromosomes XY is male
c)
A zygote with chromosomes XX is female.
d)
The sex of the zygote is determined by the sperm.
22.
Which does NOT contain gametes?
a)
chromatid
b)
gonad
c)
ovary
d)
pollen
23.
Which process forms sperm and egg cells?
a)
artificial selection
b)
meiosis
c)
replication
d)
spore formation
24.
Which process reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell?
a)
binary fission
b)
crossing over
c)
meiosis
d)
mitosis
25.
Why is meiosis important?
a)
The process allows an organism to reproduce asexually.
b)
The process produces two cells identical to the parent cell.
c)
The process produced cells with half the normal number of chromosomes.
d)
The process causes a fertilized egg to multiply and develop into an embryo.
26.
Which explains how the advantage of genetic variation through sexual reproduction occurs?
a)
One of each pair of chromosomes comes from each parent.
b)
The union of sperm and egg occurs during meiosis.
c)
Meiosis occurs in all body cells also.
d)
Division of body cells results in a greater variety of traits.
27.
Which characteristic is the same in both sperm and egg cells?
a)
motility
b)
cell size
c)
number of chromosomes
d)
number of viable cells produced during gametogenesis
28.
Which are differences between egg and sperm cells?
I. size of cell
II. shape of cell
III. number of chromosomes per cell
I. size of cell
II. shape of cell
III. number of chromosomes per cell
a)
I and II only
b)
I and III only
c)
II and III only
d)
I, II, and III
29.
In which way is meiosis different from mitosis?
a)
Meiosis produces cells without nuclei.
b)
Meiosis produces egg and sperm cells.
c)
Chromosomes divide curing mitosis but not during meiosis.
d)
Mitosis results in cells with one half the number of chromosomes.
30.
If skin and muscle cells in humans have 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be present in a typical egg cell?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
92
d)
115
31.
Which of the following events takes place before mitosis and before meiosis in reproductive organs?
a)
nuclear division
b)
DNA replication
c)
RNA redistribution
d)
cell membrane pinching
32.
Which of the following would be an important advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
a)
more variation among offspring
b)
the production of more offspring
c)
the quicker development of offspring
d)
the protection of the offspring by the parent
33.
In living things, whether plant or animal, the carrier of hereditary instructions is
a)
DNA
b)
genetic vacuole
c)
messenger RNA
d)
mitochondria in animals, chloroplasts in plants.
34.
One early spring morning, Reva went to her car to go to school. She noticed that the entire car was covered with a thin layer of yellow-green pollen. Each pollen grain was created by what type of cell division?
a)
meiosis
b)
mitosis
c)
budding
d)
nuclear fission
35.
An organism that is capable of passing on a trait for a specific disease to its offspring, but which does NOT express the disease itself, is described as which of the following?
a)
a carrier
b)
a homozygote
c)
a mutant
d)
a purebred
36.
A normal cell formed by fertilization, containing two copies of each chromosome, one from the mother and one from the father, is
a)
diploid
b)
haploid
c)
a gamete
d)
an allele
37.
An example of nondisjunction would be
a)
unsuccessful DNA cloning of a single-celled organism.
b)
a spontaneous mutation occurring naturally in an organism.
c)
an abnormality in the number of chromosomes within an organism.
d)
the manipulation of DNA segments and chromosomes within microorganisms.
38.
The gene for red/green colorblindness in humans is recessive and primarily affects males. It must be located on
a)
the X chromosome
b)
the Y chromosome
c)
both the X and Y chromosomes
d)
either the X or Y chromosome
39.
A gene that is sex-linked is BEST described as which of the following?
a)
It results in all male offspring.
b)
It results in all female offspring.
c)
It is located on the X chromosome.
d)
It is located inside the mitochondria.
40.
The genetic disorder trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is caused by what genetic event?
a)
crossing-over
b)
nondisjunction
c)
base pair substitution
d)
frame-shift location
41.
The observed trait that appears in an organism as a result of its genetic makeup is called the organism's
a)
allele
b)
genotype
c)
phenotype
d)
karyotype
42.
Within an individual mouse, four different mutations occurred in different genes, located on separate chromosomes and in different cells, as shown in the table on the board.
Which of these mutations could be passed on to the mouse's offspring?
Which of these mutations could be passed on to the mouse's offspring?
a)
white fur
b)
blue eyes
c)
thin fur
d)
short tail
43.
A rare genetic condition causes dwarfism and immunodeficiencies. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
a)
a parasitic infection
b)
a mutation in DNA
c)
a bacterial disease
d)
an excess of ATP
44.
Two spotted leopards produce a litter of four cubs. Three of the cubs are spotted and one is solid black. The black coat is probably what type of trait?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
c)
polygenic
d)
sex-linked
45.
What type of reproductive strategy would BEST allow an organism to rapidly produce many clones of itself in order to quickly populate an ecosystem?
a)
alteration of generations
b)
asexual reproduction
c)
diploid sexual reproduction
d)
haploid sexual reproduction
46.
While walking in his rose garden, Farmer Brown notices that he has created the world's first blue rose. What is the most likely reason that the blue color developed?
a)
exposure to x-rays
b)
exposure to mutagenic chemicals
c)
the natural alteration of the color gene during mitosis
d)
the natural alteration of the color gene during meiosis
47.
Suppose that a man has brown eyes. His genotype is Bb. He got the B gene from his mother and the b gene from his father. How many types of reproductive cells can he produce by meiosis, with regard to eye color?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
four
d)
an unlimited number
48.
What is a major disadvantage to asexual reproduction?
a)
It involves a high-degree of competition between related organisms.
b)
It produces little or no genetic variability in the offspring.
c)
It only requires one parent.
d)
It is time-consuming.
49.
A certain woman is a heterozygote for hitchhiker's thumb and she is also a heterozygote for freckles. Her genotype is HhFf. For these genes, how many different types of reproductive cells can meiosis create?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
four
50.
What type of reproduction would be BEST for a population of plants that is susceptible to a deadly fungus disease?
a)
binary fission
b)
budding
c)
fragmentation
d)
sexual reproduction
51.
One of the fundamental laws that Mendel discovered while working with sweet pea plants was the law of independent assortment. What does this law state?
a)
Pairs of alleles for the same trait separate from each other during meiosis.
b)
Different genes separate during meiosis, independently of each other.
c)
A Punnett square has a fixed ratio of percentages in the offspring.
d)
When a dominant gene and a recessive gene are present, the dominant gene will appear in the phenotype.
52.
In parakeets, the gene for green feathers is dominant to the gene for yellow feathers. Knowing that meiosis produces an assortment of alleles, suppose that a green male parakeet mates with a female yellow parakeet. The male's genotype is Gg, while the female parakeet's genotype is gg. What percentage of the offspring will have yellow feathers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
53.
In fruit flies, white eyes are a sex-linked recessive trait. Suppose that a red-eyed female with genotype XRXr mates with a male with genotype XRY. Describe the females from this cross.
a)
100% will be red-eyed non-carriers
b)
50% will be red-eyed; 50% will be white-eyed
c)
50% will be red-eyed purebred; 50% will be red-eyed carriers of the white eye gene
d)
25% will be red-eyed purebred; 50% will be red-eyed carriers of the white eye gene; and 25% will be white-eyed
54.
One strand of DNA could be as long as a football field if it were stretched out lengthwise. One of the factors allowing DNA to fit inside the nucleus of a cell is its ability to —
a)
break apart into separate genes
b)
extend to form very long, thin molecules
c)
coil tightly around associated proteins
d)
denature from the effect of an enzyme
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