WorksheetsResearch Methods
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 15mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
The independent variable in a study is;
a)
The one that is excluded
b)
The one that is manipulated by the experimenter
c)
The one that is measured or observed
d)
Not of interest to the experimenter
2.
One reason for using a directional hypothesis would be because:
a)
Past research suggests that participants will do better in one condition than another
b)
Past research is equivocal about how participants will perform
c)
There is no past research
d)
The researcher wants to make a strong statement.
3.
In an independent groups design:
a)
There are two groups of participants
b)
The analysis involves comparing measures from two groups of people
c)
The analysis involves comparing two measures from the same person
4.
One advantage of doing a matched pairs design is:
a)
You need fewer participants than for repeated measures
b)
You can control some participant variables
c)
Order effects are not a problem
5.
The letters 'ABBA' refer to a research design:
a)
Created by a Swedish rock band
b)
To control participant variables
c)
To counter balance for order effects
d)
To control extraneous variables
6.
Selecting participants who just happen to be available is called:
a)
Opportunity sampling
b)
Volunteer sampling
c)
Random sampling
d)
Quota sampling
7.
Which of the following is a random sample?
a)
Names drawn from a hat
b)
Asking people if they would like to take part
c)
Every 10th name in a register
d)
Taking whoever happens to be there
8.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a field experiment?
a)
It is ocnducted in a natural environment
b)
The IV is directly manipulated by the experimenter
c)
Extraneous variables can be well controlled
d)
Participants are often not aware that they are being studied.
9.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a laboratory experiment?
a)
It is conducted in a natural environment
b)
The IV is directly manipulated by the experimenter
c)
Extraneous variable can be well controlled
d)
Participants are often aware that they are being studied.
10.
Munane realism is:
a)
Using video film to capture participants' behaviour
b)
A study being boring and therefore not holding a participant's interest
c)
The extent to which a study mirrors the real world.
d)
A Spanish football team
11.
Internal validity is concerned with:
a)
The generalisability of research findings
b)
The consistency of measurement
c)
Whether an observed effect can be attributed to the IV
d)
Whether the findings are what the experimenter expected
12.
External validity refers to:
a)
The generalisability of research findings
b)
Whether the findings are what the experimenter expected
c)
Whether an observed effect can be attributed to the IV
d)
All of the above
13.
Demand characteristics are:
a)
Features of an experiment that cannot be controlled
b)
Threats to external validity
c)
Problem behaviours
d)
Cues in a study which help a participant work out the research hypothesis
14.
In a natural experiment:
a)
The IV is controlled by the experimenter
b)
The IV varies naturally
c)
The DV is controlled by an experimenter
d)
The DV varies naturally
15.
Debriefing is:
a)
An ethical issue
b)
An ethical guideline
c)
An ethical issue and an ethical guideline
d)
A folder of research notes
16.
If informed consent is not possible, then an alternative would be to:
a)
Give participants the right to withdraw
b)
Debrief participants
c)
Obtain presumptive consent
d)
All of the above
17.
In a correlation you have:
a)
An IV and a DV
b)
Co-variables
c)
Factors
18.
The reliability of observations may be affected by:
a)
Lack of agreement between several observers when observing the same thing
b)
Lack of agreement between observations made byone observer on several occasions
c)
Lack of agreement between several observers when observing different things
19.
In a questionnaire, open questions tend to produce:
a)
Quantitative data
b)
Unreliable data
c)
Qualitative data
20.
The scientific approach tends to be:
a)
Reflexive
b)
Subjective
c)
Objective
21.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
Reliability and validity are both important in qualitative research
b)
Only reliability is important in qualitative research
c)
Only validity is important in qualitative research
d)
Neither relaibilty or validity are both important in qualitative research
22.
Reliability can be checked in qualitative research by using:
a)
Test-retest reliability
b)
Inter-rater reliability
c)
Concurrent reliability
d)
All of the above
23.
p<0.01 means:
a)
There is less than a 10% chance that results occurred by chance
b)
There is more than a 1% chance that results occurred by chance
c)
There is less than a 1% chance that results occurred by chance
d)
There is less than a 99% chance that results occurred by chance
24.
If an experiment has a directional hypothesis, the type of test used is called a:
a)
One tailed test
b)
Two tailed test
c)
Three tailed test
d)
5% test
25.
Data that are in categories are called:
a)
Nominal data
b)
Ordinal data
c)
Interval data
d)
Ratio data
26.
The actual value that is calculated for a test statistic is called the:
a)
Observed value
b)
Calculated value
c)
Critical value
27.
Which of the following is another way to write 5%?
a)
0.5
b)
0.05%
c)
0.5
d)
0.05
28.
A Type 1 error is a:
a)
False positive
b)
False negative
c)
True postive
d)
True negative
29.
What would be the appropriate test to select if you conducted an experiment with ordinal data requiring a correlational analysis?
a)
Spearman's rank order correlation test
b)
Chi squared test
c)
Wilcoxon T test
d)
Mann Whitney U test
30.
What would be the appropriate test to select if you conducted an experiment with a repeated measures design and ordinal level data?
a)
Spearman's rank order correlation test
b)
Chi squared test
c)
Wilcoxon T test
d)
Mann Whitney U test
100 %
