American engineer, physician and NASA astronaut. She became the first African American woman to travel in space when she went into orbit aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour on September 12, 1992.

African American chemist, who contributed to the science of food preservation. By the end of his career, Hall had amassed 59 United States patents, and a number of his inventions were also patented in other countries.

She was the first Black American woman in the United States to earn a Ph.D. in chemistry.

African American research chemist and a pioneer in the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants.

American physicist, and the eighteenth president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. She is the first African-American woman to have earned a doctorate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

First African American to obtain a Ph.D. degree in chemistry in the United States. He received his doctorate at the University of Illinois in 1916.

African American chemist who developed an inject-able oil extract that was the most effective treatment for leprosy until the 1940s.

U.S. inventor and professor who, in 1962, developed the electretotransducer technology later used in 90 percent of contemporary microphones.

African-American mathematician who made contributions to the United States' aeronautics and space programs with the early application of digital electronic computers at NASA.

Scientist who created inventions, such as the ultraviolet camera, or spectograph, which was used by NASA in the 1972 Apollo 16 flight, revealing the mysteries of space and the Earth's atmosphere.

First African-American woman to become a medical school dean.

American research biologist, educator, zoologist, and comparative psychologist born in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1892, Turner became the first African American to receive a graduate degree at the University of Cincinnati.

African-American who invented the surgical tool that made her famous: the Laserphaco Probe (for cataracts), which she continued to perfect and later patented in 1988.

Know as a pioneering African-American biologist, academic and science writer. His primary legacy is his recognition of the fundamental role of the cell surface in the development of organisms.

African-American scientist and inventor best known for her patented illusion transmitter and contributions to NASA research.

African American physicist and educator and was the first African-American to earn a Ph.D. from any American university, completing his dissertation in physics at Yale in 1876.

This woman was admitted to the New England Female Medical College. When she graduated in 1864, she was the first African American woman in the United States to earn an M.D. degree, and the only African American woman to graduate from the New England Female Medical College

Graduate of Tuskegee University, this American inventor, aerospace engineer, and entrepreneur, whose work history includes a U.S. Air Force term of service and a twelve-year stint at NASA, including the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. His most notable invention to children today is from 1989 which was the Super Soaker.