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WorksheetsRocks and Minerals
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 18mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the three main categories of rocks found in the rock cycle?
a)
intrusive, extrusive, and obtrusive
b)
organic, inorganic, and man-made
c)
igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary
d)
compound, atomic, and neutral
2.
What is the difference between rocks and minerals?
a)
Rocks are a natural mixture of several kinds of minerals.
b)
Minerals are organic and rocks are inorganic.
c)
Rocks form in oceans while minerals form on continents.
d)
Minerals can be found in the Earth’s crust, but rocks are only found on the surface.
3.
Sedimentary rocks made of pieces of other rocks and minerals that have been moved and redeposited to form new rock are called
a)
fossils.
b)
clastic rocks.
c)
lava.
d)
gneiss.
4.
Igneous rocks are classified using all of the following characteristics except
a)
water content.
b)
crystal size.
c)
texture.
d)
composition.
5.
What is the difference between magma and lava?
a)
Magma is molten rock below ground, while lava is molten rock above ground.
b)
Magma is foliated, while lava is non-foliated.
c)
Magma contains rocks and minerals, while lava is only composed of calcite.
d)
Magma is a sedimentary rock, while lava is a metamorphic rock.
6.
Metamorphic rocks that have parallel layers that look squished or stripey like they have been pressed together or stretched are
a)
molten.
b)
smooth.
c)
undulated.
d)
foliated.
7.
The process of making rock where particles are “glued” together is called
a)
deposition.
b)
erosion.
c)
weathering.
d)
lithification.
8.
What are the five mineral criteria? Minerals are:
a)
cut, polished, valuable, organic, liquids
b)
natural, inorganic, crystalline, solid, compounds
c)
gaseous, hard, round, lusterous, gemstones
9.
Which of the following are NOT characteristics geologists used to identify minerals?
a)
color, luster, and streak
b)
percent mass and number of elements
c)
cleavage, fracture, and hardness
d)
crystal shape and density
10.
Which of the following birthstones is NOT a true mineral and why?
a)
Garnets are found cut and polished, so they are not naturally occurring.
b)
Pearls are made by living things, so they are not inorganic.
c)
Topaz does not have a streak or cleavage, so it is not crystalline.
11.
Which of the following birthstones is NOT a true mineral and why?
a)
Diamonds are only made of carbon, so they are not compounds.
b)
Turquoise is a color, so it is not really a mineral.
c)
Peridots can be liquids or gases, so they are never solid.
12.
What is the difference between a gemstone and a mineral?
a)
Gemstones are organic liquids. Minerals are inorganic solids.
b)
Gemstones are valuable, but minerals are worthless.
c)
Gemstones are cut and polished. Minerals are naturally occurring in Earth’s crust
13.
A natural mixture of several kinds of minerals, occasionally also consisting of a single mineral. They are the building blocks of the earth's crust.
a)
Fossils.
b)
Rocks.
c)
Tectonic plates.
d)
Gemstones.
14.
The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of the earth.
a)
Geology
b)
Cosmology
c)
Biology
d)
Geneology
15.
Formed when hot molten rock within the earth cooled and hardened in the earth's crust or on the earth's surface.
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
16.
Layered rocks that originate on the earth's surface from the weathered debris of other rocks.
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
17.
All of the following are categories of rock except
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
18.
Rocks that are transformed by extreme pressure and heat are classified as
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
19.
About 75% of the type of rocks found on the surface of the earth may be classified as
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
20.
These types of rocks are made by the transformation of all sorts of rock - igneous, sedimentary, and other metamorphic rocks - caused by high pressure and temperature.
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
21.
Rock formed deep in subduction zones or at convergent boundaries changed by heat and pressure.
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
22.
The preserved remains or evidence of living things that existed on the earth millions of years ago.
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
23.
Type of rock composed of particles glued together formed from weathering, erosion, deposition, and lithification.
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Fossils
24.
Sedimentary rocks made of pieces of other rocks and minerals that have been moved and redeposited to form a new rock.
a)
clastic
b)
foliated
c)
mafic
d)
intrusive
25.
What are the characteristics geologists use to identify minerals?
a)
gemstone quality, texture, and location of formation
b)
cut, color, clarity, and carat weight
c)
color, luster, streak, cleavage, fracture, hardness, crystal shape, and density
26.
Igneous rock that has cooled inside the Earth slowly so that visible crystals can form; granite is an example.
a)
extrusive
b)
felsic
c)
intrusive
d)
mafic
27.
Igneous rock that cooled above ground quickly so that visible crystals don't form.
a)
extrusive
b)
felsic
c)
intrusive
d)
mafic
28.
Dark colored igneous rocks made of magnesium and iron, examples are obsidian, basalt, olivine, and horneblende.
a)
extrusive
b)
felsic
c)
intrusive
d)
mafic
29.
Light colored igneous rocks made of silicate materials, examples are feldspar and quartz.
a)
extrusive
b)
felsic
c)
intrusive
d)
mafic
30.
The process of making rock where particles are "glued" together.
a)
transformation
b)
conduction
c)
convection
d)
lithification
31.
Law which states that the youngest rock layer is on top and the oldest is on the bottom is the Law of
a)
Geology
b)
Superposition
c)
Volcanism
d)
Metamorphism
32.
What are the characteristics used to identify metamorphic rocks?
a)
Where and how it was formed.
b)
Cleavage, fracture, and density.
c)
Whether it is extrusive or intrusive, mafic or felsic.
d)
Crystal size, texture, and parent rock or mineral.
33.
Scientists who study fossils are called
a)
podiatrists.
b)
paleontologists.
c)
fossilologists.
d)
archeologists.
34.
What are the fossils usually formed from?
a)
Bones, teeth, and shells of dead organisms that are buried quickly and preserved through petrification.
b)
The remains of human-made architecture that were once intact but that have fallen into a state of partial or total disrepair.
c)
Soft parts of organisms that have been hardened by exposure to lava and magma.
35.
What are index fossils?
a)
Fossils with “stripey” appearance that resemble the lines on index cards.
b)
The types of fossils that are only found in one location on Earth.
c)
Widespread fossils found exclusively in rock layers of a particular geologic age.
d)
Fossils that can be found throughout the fossil record in every layer.
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