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WorksheetsES Review # 2013
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 2hrs 56mins
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
The speed of Earth is constant regardless of its distance from the sun
The speed of Earth is constant because the distance remains the same between Earth and the sun
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun and decreases the closest it is to the sun
Speed increases the closer Earth is to the sun and decreases the farther is it from the sun
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
Earth has changed the tilt of the axis by 20 degrees due to its revolution
It is winter in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of Earth's axis
It is summer in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of Earth's axis
Earth has reached its closest point to the sun due to its revolution
How does a straight alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
it produces the greatest change in high and low tides
It produces the least change in high and low tides
It produces semidiurnal tides
It produces diurnal
Which describes the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?
Nuclear fission is the process that produces the radiant energy of stars, and nuclear fusion splits a heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei.
Nuclear fission splits a heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei, and nuclear fusion is the process that produces the radiant energy of stars.
Nuclear fission produces the energy in the core of Earth, and nuclear fusion produces energy in nuclear power plants
Nuclear fission produces energy in nuclear power plants, and nuclear fusion produces the energy in the core of Earth.
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
by radiation, using electromagnetic waves to transfer the heat
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer the heat
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer the heat
Why do green plants require solar energy?
to produce their own food
to absorb nitrogen into their roots
to release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
to decompose the dead or decaying remains of animals
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
a continental volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
a continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
a mid-ocean ridge, due to the separation of two plates
an ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface of Earth?
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
Scientists are studying a graph showing the time differences between the seismic P-waves and the seismic S-waves as they travel through Earth. Which information can they learn from the graph?
the magnitude of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
the epicenter of an earthquake
the intensity of an earthquake
Which agent if erosion leads to the formation of sand dunes?
ice
wind
water
gravity
How can water be an agent for physical weathering?
by absorbing gases from the atmosphere and ground to chemically react with minerals
by seeping into the soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
by seeping into the cracks of rocks and freezing
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
building artificial levees
reducing water consumption
recycling bottled-water containers
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact an environment?
by increasing oxygen production
by increasing soil formation
by increasing transpiration
by increasing erosion
Large quantities of sand can be added to the beach to stabilize the shoreline. Which describes a disadvantage of this process?
It causes inland erosion
It is a short-term solution
It creates a barrier that prevents the tides from occurring along the coastline
It creates a wall that disrupts the vegetation along the coastline
Which is an advantage of safely using uranium as an energy source rather than using coal?
Uranium produces energy without polluting the atmosphere, while burning coal can increase the CO2 in the atmosphere.
Uranium reduces the amount of thermal pollution, while burning coal can increase the amount of thermal pollution
Uranium is the most cost-efficient energy resource, while coal is the most expensive energy resource
Uranium can be easily mined from deep within Earth, while coal is a hard resource to mine from deep within Earth
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth?
a constant sea level
changes in tidal patterns
unchanging climate for all regions on Earth
changes in ocean current patterns
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions
They can warm or cool the air temperatures along coastal regions
They move vertically pushing warm water and nutrients to the surface along coastal regions
They increase the rate of precipitation as cold water moves along coastal regions
Which is formed when a section of impermeable rock forces groundwater to move laterally and emerge onto the surface of Earth?
a spring
an aquifer
a geyser
a well
How could a long-term decrease in precipitation impact an area?
It could increase the average water level of lakes in the area
It could increase the amount of flooding in the area
It could decrease the amount of possible infiltration in the area
It could decrease the possible amount of damage to crops in the area.
Which consequences could an exponentially growing human population have on drinkable water?
It could cause a decrease in the amount of waste and pollution in the water supply
It could cause an increase in the amount of water available for the population
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival
A local government is considering whether to build a dam. Which is an advantage of building this structure?
It can decrease the accumulation of sediment in the water.
It can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
It is an inexpensive process.
It can create a storage place for water.
The drilling for freshwater increases along a coastal area. What is a likely consequence of this action?
an intrusion of salt water into aquifers
the loss of water resources in estruaries
the destruction of estuaries because of an increase in sea levels
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
thermosphere
mesosphere
stratosphere
troposphere
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth's atmosphere?
argon (AR)
oxygen (O)
nitrogen (N)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
Which statement describes the general movement of air masses?
They move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
They move from areas of high altitude to areas of low altitude.
They move from areas of low humidity to areas of high humidity.
They move from areas of low temperature to areas of high temperature.
Which most likely occurs when a fast-moving cold air mass moves into a region of warmer, moist air?
It causes light precipitation for a long period of time
It causes light precipitation for a short period of time.
It causes heavy precipitation for a long period of time.
It causes heavy precipitation for a short period of time.
Which contributes to the formation of hurricanes during the late summer?
the interaction between ocean water salinity and warm air masses
the interaction between ocean water currents and polar air masses
the interaction between ocean water temperatures and warm air masses
the interaction between ocean water salinity and ocean water density
Which is a major source of air pollution created by humans?
hydroelectric plants
industrial factories
reforestation
nuclear power
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
coal-fired power plants
vehicle exhaust
burning compost
aerosols
How is climate different from weather?
Climate is constantly changing, whereas weather changes slowly over time.
Climate influences people's daily activities, whereas weather influences people's seasonal activities.
Climate refers to the atmospheric conditions on a given date, whereas weather refers to the atmospheric conditions during a given season.
Climate is based on observations made for a region over several years, whereas weather is based on day-to-day observations made for a region.
Kudzu, a vine covering many acres of NC, was introduces to the U.S. in 1876 to control erosion. Over the years, scientists found kudzu creates problems by growing rapidly and preventing other plants from getting sunlight. Which best describes kudzu?
a noncompetitive species
an invasive, nonnative species
an agent of erosion
an abiotic factor
Which could most likely have a lasting negative impact on the biodiversity of an area?
clear-cutting
selective cutting
an increase in plant populations
a reduction in the use of fertilizers
How could the exponential growth of the human population impact regions throughout the world?
It could lead to a decrease in the amount of pollution in the regions.
It could lead to an increase in the biodiversity of the regions.
It could lead to an increase in the demand fore food in the regions.
It could lead to a decrease in the demand for land within the regions.
Which best describes the relationship between carrying capacity and Earth's resources?
A population that is below the carrying capacity will have an increase in contagious diseases.
A population that is above the carrying capacity will have a decrease in natural resources.
A population that is below the carrying capacity will experience a decrease in freshwater resources.
A population that is above the carrying capacity will experience an increase in plant production.
The diagram represents a food web for a community of organisms. A disease causes the rabbit population to decline drastically. How would this decline in the rabbit population impact the community?
The mouse population would decrease
The grasshopper population would decrease
The fox population would decrease
The snake population would decrease
