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AP Unit 3/Gen. Psychology Ch. 2 Biological Bases of Behavior

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

This is part of autonomic nervous system and it calms you down.

a)

parasympathetic

b)

sympathetic

c)

central nervous system

d)

peripheral nervous system

2.

What do we call it when the inside of the neuron is negatively charged relative to the outside of neuron?

a)

polarization

b)

depolarization

c)

polar vortex

3.

What do we call a chemical messenger that is released into the bloodstream slowly but is long lasting?

a)
neurotransmitter
b)
hormones
c)

neurobiotics

d)

plasticity

4.

This regulates blood sugar, and secretes insulin.

a)
pancrease
b)
gall bladder
c)

thalamus

d)

amygdala

5.

What do we call the sending end of a neuron?

a)
dendrites
b)
axon terminals
c)

soma

d)

myelin sheath

6.

What do we call the receiving end of a neuron?

a)
dendrites
b)
synapatics
c)

myelin sheath

d)

soma

7.

What do we call a neurotransmitter that promotes action potentials?

a)
excitatory
b)
inhibitory
8.

Soma is another name for the

a)

cell body.

b)

vessicles.

c)

myelin sheath.

d)

membrane.

9.

These carry signals from the tissues and organs to the brain and spinal cord.

a)

sensory neurons

b)

motor neurons

c)

efferent neurons

d)

glial cells

10.
When a neuron is at rest, the ions inside the cell are mostly _______ and the ions outside the cell are mostly _______.
a)
positively charged; negatively charged
b)
negatively charged; positively charged
c)
small; large
d)
large; small
11.

What do we call the gap or space between two neurons?

a)

dendrites

b)

cell body

c)

synapse

d)

axon

12.

What do we call the electrical charge that travels down an axon when a neuron is firing?

a)

resting potential

b)

action potential

c)

threshold

d)

refractory period

13.

These are also known as motor nerves.

a)
dendrites
b)
afferent nerves
c)
bones
d)
efferent nerves
14.

What small gland is involved with puberty and how fast we grow?

a)

amygdala 

b)

pituitary gland

c)

reticular formation 

d)

sensory strip

15.
The ___ helps decide what memories transfer from the short to long term memory.
a)
Hippocampus
b)
Corpus Callosum 
c)
Hypothalamus 
d)
Cerebellum 
16.
Although located far from the eyes the ______ helps with vision. 
a)
Frontal Lobe
b)
Occipital Lobe
c)
Parietal Lobe
d)
Reticular Formation 
17.
Name the two major parts of the central nervous system.
a)
The brain and the skull. 
b)
The brain and the body.
c)
The spinal cord and the brain.
d)
The spinal cord and the body. 
18.
The ____ nervous system controls unconscious activities.
a)
somatic
b)
sympathetic
c)
parasympathetic
d)
autonomic
19.
The _____ response is known as fight or flight.
a)
parasympathetic
b)
sympathetic
c)
somatic
d)
peripheral
20.

What part of the peripheral nervous system controls conscious activities?

a)
autonomic
b)
somatic
c)
sympathetic
d)
parasympathetic
21.

A functional MRI (fMRI) and a PET scan both

a)
provide a way to measure the functioning and activity of the brain.
b)
produce black and white scans of the brain’s structures.
c)
create selective injuries that allow researchers to study brain function.
d)
provide detailed computerized interpretations of brain dysfunctions.
22.

What part of the brain controls life-sustaining functions, such as heartbeat, breathing, and swallowing?

a)
cerebral cortex.
b)
cerebellum.
c)
medulla.
d)
hippocampus.
23.
The ______ lobes are responsible for higher mental processes such as decision making.
a)
parietal
b)
frontal
c)
temporal
d)
occipital
24.

Humans with damage to the amygdala show decreased

a)
fear response.
b)
sex drive.
c)
incidence of depression.
d)
allergies to food.
25.
The left hemisphere of the brain specializes in which of the following?
a)
visual-spatial perception
b)
language
c)
emotional thought and recognition
d)
pattern recognition
26.

Gerald's grandmother suffers from Alzheimer's disease and exhibits symptoms of memory loss. Which neurotransmitter is she likely lacking?

a)
GABA
b)
Serotonin
c)
Dopamine
d)
Acetycholine (ACh)
27.

What kind of scan would you use to find the specific brain areas that are most active during a particular mental task?

a)
MRI
b)
PET
c)
EEG
d)
CT
28.
Which part of the neuron receives information and conducts it towards the cell body?
a)

synapse

b)

axon terminal

c)

dendrites

d)

nucleus

29.
Reward centers trigger the release of what neurotransmitter?
a)
Acetycholine
b)
Serotonin
c)
Dopamine
d)
Norepinephrine
30.

A molecule that stimulates a response by binding to a receptor site is an

a)

agonist.

b)

antagonist.

c)

axon.

d)

ion.

31.

Broca's Area is found in the _________.

a)

right frontal lobe

b)
temporal lobe
c)
occipital lobe
d)
left frontal lobe
32.

The limbic system includes the _________.

a)

Cerebellum, Pons, and Medulla

b)

Hippocampus, Amygdala, and Hypothalamus

c)

Spinal cord, corpus callosum, and amygdala

d)

reticular formation, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex

33.
Which neurotransmitter affects moods such as hunger, sleep, and arousal?
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
Norepinephrine
c)
Glutamate
d)
Serotonin
34.
What are the human body’s natural “morphine” producers?
a)
Serotonin
b)
Glutamate
c)
Endorphins
d)
Acetylcholine (ACh)
35.
The period of inactivity after a neuron has fired is called the
a)

refractory period.

b)

threshold.

c)

action potential.

d)

all-or-nothing response.

36.
Which of the following enables voluntary control of our skeletal muscles?
a)
Autonomic nervous system
b)
Somatic nervous system
c)
Sympathetic nervous system
d)
Parasympathetic nervous system
37.

In a recent car accident, Tammy sustained damage to her right cerebral hemisphere. This injury is most likely to reduce Tammy's ability to

a)
facially express emotions.
b)
solve arithmetic problems.
c)
understand simple verbal requests.
d)
process information in an orderly sequence.
38.

The experience of auditory hallucinations by people with schizophrenia is most closely linked with the activation of areas in their

a)
temporal lobes.
b)
motor cortex.
c)

frontal lobes.

d)

hypothalamus.

39.

The "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem is called the

a)

reticular formation.

b)

limbic system.

c)

thalamus.

d)

cerebellum.

40.

Information is carried from the central nervous system to the body's tissues by

a)

motor neurons.

b)

the sympathetic nervous system.

c)

the limbic system.

d)

interneurons.

41.

Surgical destruction of brain tissue is called a(n)

a)

synapse.

b)

lesion.

c)

MRI.

d)

EEG.

42.
Which part of your brain receives information that you are moving your legs?
a)
amygdala
b)

motor cortex

c)
sensory cortex
d)
hypothalamus
43.

Messages are transmitted from your spinal cord to your heart muscles by the

a)

autonomic nervous system.

b)

parasympathetic nervous system.

c)

limbic system.

d)

central nervous system.

44.

An impaired use of language is known as

a)

lateralization.

b)

aphasia.

c)

amygala.

d)

plasticity.

45.

The capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another damaged brain area is known as brain

a)

aphasia.

b)

tomography.

c)

phrenology.

d)

plasticity.

46.
Endorphins are
a)

sex hormones.

b)

neurotransmitters.

c)

growth hormones.

d)

endocrine glands.

47.
The master gland of the endocrine system is the
a)

pancreas.

b)

hypothalamus.

c)

thyroid gland.

d)

pituitary gland.

48.
The nineteenth-century theory that bumps on the skull reveal a person's abilities and traits is called 
a)
evolutionary psychology.
b)
behavior genetics.
c)
phrenology.
d)
eugenics. 
49.
The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is called the
a)
refractory period.
b)
action potential.
c)
synapes.
d)
threshold.
50.
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that travel across the
a)
cell body.
b)
synaptic gap.
c)
axon.
d)
myelin sheath.
51.
The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are called
a)
neurotransmitters.
b)
interneurons. 
c)
hormones.
d)
antagonists
52.
Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories?
a)
medulla
b)
hippocampus
c)
thalamus
d)
hypothalamus
53.
The thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebrum is called the
a)
cerebellum.
b)
corpus callosum.
c)
reticular formation.
d)
cerebral cortex.
54.
Which lobes of the brain receive the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back?
a)
parietal
b)
temporal
c)
occipital
d)
frontal
55.
The threadlike structures that contain genes are called
a)
genomes.
b)
chromosomes.
c)
neurons.
d)
hormones.
56.
Information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the
a)
medulla.
b)
corpus callosum.
c)
angular gyrus.
d)
limbic system.
57.
The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes are called
a)
genes.
b)
genomes.
c)
epigenetics.
d)
heredity.
58.
Heritability refers to the extent to which
a)
trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations.
b)
unrelated individuals share common genes.
c)
nurture controls a trait rather than nature.
d)
adult personality is determined by infant personality.
59.

Which area of the brain controls arousal?

a)
Reticular Formation
b)
Thalamus
c)
Amygdala
d)
Medulla
60.

What part of the brain receives sensory information and relays it to the proper part of brain for further processing?

a)
Hypothalamus
b)
Reticular Formation
c)
Cerebellum
d)
Thalamus
61.

This part of the brain controls heartbeat and breathing.

a)
Pons
b)
Medulla
c)
Cerebellum
d)
Thalamus
62.

What part of the brain processes emotions and identifies emotions in others' faces?

a)
Amygdala
b)
Hypothalamus
c)
Hippocampus
d)
Medulla
63.

This is the wrinkled part of the brain's surface where the body processes information.

a)
Forebrain
b)
Cerebral Cortex
c)
Corpus Callosum
d)
Cerebellum
64.

What part of your brain helps makes decisions, plans, reasons, and carries out behaviors?

a)
Frontal Lobe
b)
Parietal Lobe
c)
Occipital Lobe
d)
Temporal Lobe
65.

What has happened when a person has speech that makes sense, but the person has difficulty speaking?

a)
Broca's Aphasia
b)
Wernicke's Aphasia
c)
Visual Agnosia
d)
Neglect Syndrome
66.

What lobe controls hearing and language comprehension?

a)
Frontal Lobe
b)
Temporal Lobe
c)
Occipital Lobe
d)
Parietal Lobe
67.

Jessica has been suffering from severe bouts of depression for the past several years. Her doctor suggests that some medications designed to impact a specific neurotransmitter might be helpful for her. Which neurotransmitter would be the most likely target of this medication?

a)
GABA
b)
Dopamine
c)
Serotonin
d)
Acetylcholine
68.

When people are walking, raising their hands in class or smelling a flower, they are using the

a)

central nervous system.

b)

somatic nervous system.

c)

autonomic nervous system.

d)

sympathetic nervous system.

69.
Which sense is the only one that is NOT processed through the thalamus?
a)
taste
b)
hearing
c)
touch
d)
smell
70.

The job of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is to

a)
stabilize emotions such as happiness and sadness.
b)
get the body ready to deal with stress.
c)
control voluntary muscles.
d)
react to the activity of the parasympathetic division.
71.

The brain is primarily comprised of two different kinds of cells. They are neurons and

a)

glial cells.

b)

myelin.

c)

synapses.

d)

dendrites.

72.

When a neuron receives a stimulus that is very strong, the result is that

a)
the neuron fires in an all-or-none fashion.
b)
the neuron fires at a greater strength.
c)
fewer neurons fire at the same time.
d)
the neuron cannot fire back.

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