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Psychology PBA #2 Review 2021

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Our short-term memory for new material is limited to roughly ________ bits of information.

a)

12

b)

4

c)

7

d)

24

2.

The organization of information into meaningful units is called

a)

semantic memory

b)

chunking

c)

procedural memory

d)

acoustic encoding

3.

Fill-in-the-blank test questions measure ________; matching concepts with their definitions measures ________.

a)

recall; recognition

b)

recognition; recall

c)

recall; remembering

d)

interference; remembering

4.

On the telephone, Dan rattles off a list of 10 grocery items for Bill to bring home from the store. Immediately after hearing the list, Bill attempts to write down the items. He is most likely to forget the items

a)

in the middle of the list.

b)

at the beginning of the list.

c)

at the beginning and in the middle of the list.

d)

at the middle and the end of the list.

5.

Professor Miller has had so many past students that she has difficulty remembering the names of her new students. This is an example of

a)

amnesia

b)

learned helplessness

c)

proactive interference

d)

retroactive interference

6.

Which type of memory has an essentially unlimited capacity?

a)

constructive memory

b)

long-term memory

c)

short-term memory

d)

sensory memory

7.

The triarchic theory combined measurements of analytical, practical, and ________ intelligence.

a)

physical

b)

creative

c)

musical

d)

spatial

8.

According to Freud, the part of personality that represents our sense of right and wrong and our ideal standards is the

a)

id

b)

ego

c)

superego

d)

unconscious

9.

According to Freud, the part of personality that represents our unconscious urges and desires is the

a)

id

b)

ego

c)

superego

d)

preconscious

10.

According to Rogers, the desire to fulfill one's potential or growth is the motivation for

a)

defense mechanisms.

b)

self-esteem.

c)

self-actualization.

d)

intraversion

11.

Sigmund Freud is known for the psychoanalytic theory of personality, while Gordon Allport is known for the ________ theory of personality.

a)

trait

b)

behavioral

c)

social-cognitive

d)

humanistic

12.

The theory that someone can strongly influence the outcome and destiny of their own life shows an example of

a)

learned helplessness.

b)

an internal locus of control.

c)

an external locus of control.

d)

defense mechanisms.

13.

The theory that someone's life is mostly controlled by outside forces is an example of

a)

learned helplessness.

b)

an internal locus of control.

c)

an external locus of control.

d)

defense mechanisms.

14.

Being sociable and outgoing is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

a)

extraversion

b)

openness

c)

neuroticism

d)

conscientiousness

15.

Being organized and careful is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

a)

extraversion

b)

openness

c)

neuroticism

d)

conscientiousness

16.

Being anxious and insecure is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

a)

extraversion

b)

openness

c)

neuroticism

d)

conscientiousness

17.

Someone who focuses on the “nature” side of the nature vs. nurture debate would spend most of their time studying which of the following topics?

a)

social influences

b)

environmental factors

c)

parenting styles

d)

genetics

18.

Someone who focuses on the “nurture” side of the nature vs. nurture debate would spend most of their time studying which of the following topics?

a)

DNA matchups

b)

environmental factors

c)

brain chemical imbalances

d)

hereditary traits

19.

When information is represented in your memory as a sequence of sounds, it is due to

a)

visual encoding.

b)

acoustic encoding.

c)

maintenance rehearsal.

d)

elaborative rehearsal.

20.

When information is represented in your memory as a picture, it is due to

a)

visual encoding.

b)

acoustic encoding.

c)

maintenance rehearsal.

d)

elaborative rehearsal.

21.

When you keep information active in your short-term memory without attempting to find meaning in it, it is called

a)

visual encoding.

b)

acoustic encoding.

c)

maintenance rehearsal.

d)

elaborative rehearsal.

22.

When you keep information active in your short-term memory by building links and associations, it is called

a)

visual encoding.

b)

acoustic encoding.

c)

maintenance rehearsal.

d)

elaborative rehearsal.

23.

Raquelle was in an accident that damaged her brain. Now she has lost her memory for all events occurring after her accident. Raquelle's accident has resulted in ______ amnesia.

a)

retrograde

b)

anterograde

c)

primary

d)

secondary

24.

Seven-year-old Ben is riding his bike to the park to meet some friends. He stops at a stop sign and signals his intention to turn left into the park. Ben's memory of the laws of the road is an example of ______________ memory, whereas his ability to ride the bike shows ______________ memory.

a)

episodic; semantic

b)

semantic; episodic

c)

semantic; procedural

d)

procedural; episodic

25.

Tom and Jerry are having a little argument about the nature of intelligence. Tom argues that in order to understand intelligence, one need only look at the results of IQ tests. Jerry says that one must consider many different areas (approximately nine), not just test scores. Apparently, Tom agrees with the _____________ approach, while Jerry agrees with the ______________ approach.

a)

multiple intelligences; triarchic

b)

Stanford-Binet; multiple intelligences

c)

multiple intelligences; Stanford-Binet

d)

triarchic; Stanford-Binet

26.

A trait that dominates and shapes an individual's behavior is called a

a)

cardinal trait.

b)

central trait.

c)

primary trait.

d)

secondary trait.

27.

A trait that forms part of the basic foundation of someone's personality is called a

a)

cardinal trait.

b)

central trait.

c)

primary trait.

d)

secondary trait.

28.

A trait that is specific to a certain situation or circumstance is called a

a)

cardinal trait.

b)

central trait.

c)

primary trait.

d)

secondary trait.

29.

The psychologist responsible for developing "the hierarchy of needs" was

a)

Abraham Maslow

b)

Carl Rogers

c)

Erik Erikson

d)

Gordon Allport

30.

People who are typically quiet & reserved are called

a)

neurotic.

b)

extraverts.

c)

humanists.

d)

introverts.

31.

Sigmund Freud developed which personality theory?

a)

Trait theory

b)

Psychodynamic theory

c)

Social cognitive theory

d)

Humanistic theory

32.

Albert Bandura developed which personality theory?

a)

Trait theory

b)

Psychodynamic theory

c)

Social cognitive theory

d)

Humanistic theory

33.

Carl Rogers developed which personality theory?

a)

Trait theory

b)

Hierarchy of Needs theory

c)

Social cognitive theory

d)

Self-Actualization theory

34.

Which intelligence theory uses a cognitive ability assessment to determine your IQ?

a)

Multiple Intelligences

b)

Triarchic Intelligence

c)

Stanford-Binet Intelligence

d)

Emotional Intelligence

35.

Which intelligence theory focuses on abilities needed to truly understand yourself and others effectively?

a)

Multiple Intelligences

b)

Triarchic Intelligence

c)

Stanford-Binet Intelligence

d)

Emotional Intelligence

36.

Personality theorist Albert Bandura stated human personality could be divided into which of the following three categories?

a)

introversion, extraversion, and emotional stability

b)

cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits

c)

id, ego, superego

d)

personal factors, behaviors, and environmental factors

37.

Personality theorist Sigmund Freud stated human personality could be divided into which of the following three categories?

a)

introversion, extraversion, and emotional stability

b)

cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits

c)

id, ego, superego

d)

personal factors, behaviors, and environmental factors

38.

Personality theorist Gordon Allport stated human personality could be divided into which of the following three categories?

a)

introversion, extraversion, and emotional stability

b)

cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits

c)

id, ego, superego

d)

personal factors, behaviors, and environmental factors

39.

Which personality theory focuses on positive psychology?

a)

Trait theory

b)

Psychodynamic theory

c)

Social cognitive theory

d)

Humanistic theory

40.

Molly enters a new classroom. As her eyes scan the room, each sight remains in her ______________ memory for less than one second.

a)

sensory

b)

short-term

c)

long-term

d)

working