The layer of the hair that provides the strength and elasticity of human hair is the ______________.

The natural pH of hair is between ______________.

In permanent waving , the size of the curl is determined by the _____________.

The technique of wrapping hair at an angle of 90 degrees or perpendicular to its base section is _____________________.

The two basic types of wrapping the hair around a perm rod are the spiral and ______________.

A reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or the removal of _____________.

Most cold waves have a pH between _________________.

The three separate components of avid waves are permanent waving solution, activator, and ____________________.

An endothermic wave is activated by __________________.

Permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for at least ____________________.

The process of rearranging the structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is __________________.

Thio relaxers usually have a pH above _____

Hydroxide ions left in the hair after a relaxer can be neutralized using a(n) ________________.

Which type of relaxer contains only one component and is used exactly as it is packaged with no mixing necessary?

Lithium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide relaxers are often advertised and sold as ________________.

Which type of bonds are relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges?

Which type of rod is also known as a circle rod?

For on-base placement, the hair is wrapped at _____________ beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned on its base.

Which of these permanent waves process at room temperature?

Chemical solutions _________________ the pH of the hair to an alkaline state.

When should you perform an elasticity test?

Porous hair:

GMTG, the primary reducing agent in most acid waves has ____________

True acid waves have a pH between _________________.

Ammonia-free waves ______________.

In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place within the first _________________.

One safety precaution of permanent waving is ________________.

With extremely curly hair, the twists are the ______________ sections of the hair strands.

Relaxers are ________________ and can literally melt or dissolve hair if used incorrectly.

If the client's hair has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer, it means the hair _______________.

A ________________ is a perm wrap in which one endpaper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair being wrapped.

Which types of rods are usually about 12 inches (30.5 centimeters) long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of the rod?

Thioglycolic acid ___________________.

The _________________ is the innermost layer of the hair.

The partings and bases radiate throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head in which type of wrap?

The chemical bonds that join amino acids together are called ____________.

A _________________ is a type of perm wrap in which the hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod.

Which of the following is a method of hair straightening that combines the use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing?

Which type of relaxer requires the application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer?

The middle layer of the hair is the _______________.

Which of these terms refers to the angle at which the rod is positioned on the head: horizontally, vertically, or diagonally?

A __________________ is a type of wrap that uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope.

A ______________ is wrapping pattern in which all the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal-sized bases.

Which of these are usually classified as a lye-based relaxer?

Which rods are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area?

Which of these terms refers to the thickness or thinness of a liquid?

The _________________ is the tough exterior layer of the hair.

Which of these terms refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section?

A ____________ is a type of wrap in which the hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft, and another rod is used to wrap the remaining hair strand in the same direction.

Which of these stops the action of the waving solution and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form?

Long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds are known as _______________.

The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair is called _______________.

Hydrogen bonds can be broken by ________________.

The reducing agent used in permanent waving solutions is commonly referred to as ____________________.

Manufacturers add an alkalizing agent to waving solutions because the acid in the solutions ________________.

A pH of 7.0 is ________________ than the pH of hair

Most of the acid waves found in today's salons have a pH between ________________.

Which of the following is not considered a main component of an exothermic wave?

An endothermic chemical reaction is one that absorbs _______________ from its surroundings.

Which type of perm is recommended for extremely porous hair?

What is the most common neutralizer?

When rinsing the hair after the recommended processing time has elapsed, it is recommended that you ____________________.

Japanese thermal straightening ______________________.

Mild strength relaxers are formulated for ___________________________.