WorksheetsEOC Week 5
Total questions: 36
Worksheet time: 19mins
In pea plants, the trait for tall stems is dominant over the trait for short stems. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents?
100%
75%
50%
25%
Hemophilia is a sex-linked, recessive trait. Which of the following describes the probability of hemophilia in the offspring of a man who does not have hemophilia and a woman whose father is a hemophiliac?
Each of their sons will have hemophilia.
None of their daughters will have hemophilia.
Their sons have a 25% chance of having hemophilia.
Their sons have a 25% chance of having hemophilia.
Alleles for the A and B blood cell antigens are codominant. The condition where no antigens are present on the blood cells (type O blood) is a recessive trait. Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood?
one parent with type AB blood, and the other parent with type A blood
one parent with type AB blood and the other parent with type O blood
one parent with heterozygous type A blood, and the other parent with type O blood
one parent with homozygous type A blood, and the other parent with homozygous type B blood
One of the parents of a child has phenylketonuria (PKU), which is caused by recessive alleles. The other parent does not have the PKU alleles. What is the chance that the couple will have a child with phenylketonuria?
0%
50%
75%
100%
Hitchhiker's thumb (H) is dominant to no hitchhiker's thumb (h). A woman who does not have hitchhiker's thumb marries a man who is heterozygous for hitchhiker's thumb. What is the probable genotypic ratio of their children?
0% Hh: 100% hh
50% Hh: 50% hh
75% Hh: 25% hh
100% Hh: 0% hh
This diagram shows a pedigree for a recessive genetic disorder. What is the genotype of individual 6?
XHXH
XHXh
XHY
XhY
A pair of male Holstein (black-and-white) calves that have the same parents display many similarities but also exhibit some variations. Which process best explains these variations?
independent assortment
sex linkage
dominance
gene linkage
A human baby boy inherits a recessive allele from his mother. In which circumstance would he most likely show the trait coded for by the recessive allele?
The baby inherits the dominant allele from his father.
The allele is on an autosomal chromosome and the baby is a twin.
The allele is on the X chromosome.
The allele is on the Y chromosome.
This diagram shows a diploid cell with two pairs of homologous chromosomes. Due to independent assortment, what is the possible genetic make-up of gametes produced by this organism?
SsTt
Ss, Tt
S, s, T, t
ST, St, sT, st
The table lists the trials for fruit color where allele R exhibits incomplete dominance over allele R'. Heterozygous fruit have orange phenotypes. What percent of offspring are expected to have an orange phenotype if the parent plants are orange (RR') and yellow (R'R')?
25%
50%
75%
100%
In guinea pigs, black coat color (B) is dominant over white coat color (b) and short hair (S) is dominant over long hair (s). Based upon the dihybrid cross shown below, what is the genotype and phenotype for letter X?
Bbss; brown coat, long hair
BbSs; black coat, short hair
BBss; black coat, long hair
Bbss; black coat, long hair
Base your answer to the following question on the structures represented in the diagram below. What is the relationship between these three structures?
DNA is made up of proteins that are synthesized in the cell.
Protein is composed of DNA that is stored in the cell.
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.
The cell is composed only of DNA and protein.
The individuality of an organism is determined by the
sequence of nitrogenous bases in deoxyribonucleic acid
number of amino acids in a cell
position of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
number of nitrogenous bases in a codon
If 20% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine, T, what percentage of the sample is made up of cytosine, C?
15%
30%
35%
50%
A medical test indicates that a patient has a defective protein. This condition is most likely due to a change in the directions coded in the:
number of hydrogen atoms in starch molecules
sequence of inorganic molecules
number of carbon atoms in sugar molecules
sequence of subunits in DNA
Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria, as shown in the diagram below. Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same.
Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells.
The basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria
Bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes.
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
one molecule with two original strands and one molecule with two new strands
two molecules, each with one original and one new strand
two molecules, each with two new strands
wo molecules, each with two old strands
At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?
before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
before a cell divides, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
during cell division, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
after a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
Four different segments of a DNA molecule are represented below. There is an error in the DNA in which molecule?
segment 1 only
segment 3 only
segment 2 and 3
Segment 2 and 4
The sequence of DNA below is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this segment?
5' ATCAGCGCTGGC 3'
4
8
12
20
A scientist puts nucleotide chains of UUUUUU in a test tube under conditions allowing protein synthesis. Soon the test tube is full of polypeptide chains composed only of the amino acid phenylalanine. What does this experiment indicate?
The amino acid phenylalanine is composed of uracil.
UUU codes for the amino acid phenylalanine.
Protein synthesis malfunctions in test tubes.
Most proteins contain only one type of amino acid.
Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?
the placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
the insertion of a nucleotide into DNA
the movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus
the release of messenger RNA from DNA
A diagram of a cellular process is shown below. Which of the following identifies the process shown at point Z?
Translation
Translocation
Replication
Transcription
Which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
nRNA
During transcription the DNA base sequence is transcribed into a complimentary mRNA sequence. A codon table like the one shown below lists the amino acids coded for by particular triads of mRNA bases. A segment of DNA has undergone a mutation in which one nucleotide has been changed. The original sequence was ACG and the new sequence is ACA. Use the codon table to determine whether or not this mutation will cause a change in the phenotype of the organism.
yes, the phenotype of the organism would change because a new amino acid will be coded for.
yes, the phenotype of the organism would change because any change in the DNA sequence will cause a change in phenotype.
Even though the DNA sequence changed, the sequence still codes for the same amino acid, so no change in phenotype will occur.
It is impossible to determine if a change in phenotype will occur using only the DNA sequence.
Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes and event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?
two stages of cell division
replication of cellular genetic material
daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell
How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?
sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires only one parent
asexual reproduction requires two parents and sexual reproduction requires only one parent
mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than in asexual reproduction
asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organisms
Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population?
Parthenogenesis
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Vegetative reproduction
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?
absence of cyclins in the DNA
multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations in genes that control the cell cycle
presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
It is carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement.
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of organisms.
It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord.
It is the first stage of mitosis
Which of the following phases of mitosis is represented by the diagram below?
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
A scientist wants to change the DNA of a sexually reproducing organism and have the new DNA present in every cell of the organism. In order to do this after fertilization, she would change the DNA in which of the following?
zygote
placenta
testes of the father
ovaries of the mother
Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated?
row 1
row 2
row 3
row 4
The diagram below shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms. What is the name of this process?
meiosis
mitosis
endocytosis
phagocytosis
The diagram below shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?
mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered
segregation of sister chromatid
condensation and segregation of alleles
crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged
The diagram below shows two strawberry plants. Plant 2 is produced asexually from Plant 1. If the leaf cells of Plant 1 have 56 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be found in the leaf cells of Plant 2?
14
28
56
112
