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AP Statistics Vocabulary

Total questions: 69

Worksheet time: 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What does μ stand for?
a)
Population standard deviation
b)
Population mean
c)
Sample standard deviation
d)
Sample mean
2.
What does σ stand for?
a)
Population standard deviation
b)
Population mean
c)
Sample standard deviation
d)
Sample mean
3.
What does sx stand for?
a)
Population standard deviation
b)
Population mean
c)
Sample standard deviation
d)
Sample mean
4.
What does x̄ stand for?
a)
Population standard deviation
b)
Population mean
c)
Sample standard deviation
d)
Sample mean
5.
What does α stand for?
a)
Type I Error
b)
Type II Error
c)
concfidence level
d)
Power
6.
What does β stand for?
a)
Type I Error
b)
Type II Error
c)
concfidence level
d)
Power
7.
In the equation ŷ = b1x + b0; what does b0 stand for?
a)
y-intercept of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a population
b)
y-intercept of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a sample
c)
slope of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a population
d)
slope of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a sample
8.
In the equation ŷ = b1x + b0; what does b1 stand for?
a)
y-intercept of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a population
b)
y-intercept of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a sample
c)
slope of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a population
d)
slope of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a sample
9.
What does r stand for?
a)
correlation coefficient
b)
coefficient of determination
c)
slope of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a sample
d)
slope of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a population
10.
What does r2 stand for?
a)
correlation coefficient
b)
coefficient of determination
c)
slope of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a sample
d)
slope of the line of best fit (LOBF) for a population
11.
The chance that a sample procedure produces a value as or more extreme than one obtained.
a)
proportion
b)
p-value
c)
probability
d)
population
12.
A data set can have more than one median?
a)
True
b)
False
13.
A data set can have more than one mode
a)
True
b)
False
14.
Which method of sampling is used in this situation:
Putting all 50 states into groups and sampling each group.
a)
A. Random Sampling
b)
B. Systematic Sampling
c)
C. Stratified Sampling
d)
D. Cluster Sampling
15.
Which method of sampling is used in this situation:
Using a computer program to randomly select people from a phonebook to sample.
a)
A. Random Sampling
b)
B. Systematic Sampling
c)
C. Stratified Sampling
d)
D. Cluster Sampling
16.
Which method of sampling is used in this situation:
Putting the populations of a few Grant County schools into a group and sampling them
a)
A. Random Sampling
b)
B. Systematic Sampling
c)
C. Stratified Sampling
d)
D. Cluster Sampling
17.
A study that involves no researcher intervention is called a(n):
a)
A. Experimental study
b)
B. Non-involvement study
c)
C. Observational study
d)
D. Quasi-experimental study
18.
A variable that interferes with other variables in the study is called a(n):
a)
A. Confounding variable
b)
B. Explanatory variable
c)
C. Outcome variable
d)
D. Interfering variable
19.
True or False: Continuous variables can be counted.
a)
True
b)
False
20.
What are quartiles?
a)
A measure of center in which the observations are first ordered from smallest to largest, one or more observations are deleted from each end, and the remaining ones are averaged. 
b)
A summary of a data set that includes the minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile, and maximum.
c)
The lower quartile separates the smallest 25% of the data from the remaining 75%, and the upper quartile separates the largest 25% from the smallest 75%. 
d)
The value such that r% of the observations in the data set fall at or below that value.
21.
What is the five number summary?
a)
A summary of a data set that includes the minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile, and maximum.
b)
Measures of variability for the entire population.
c)
The middle value in the ordered list of sample observations. 
d)
The most frequently used measures of variability for sample data.
22.
What is the Empirical Rule?
a)
The most frequently used measure of center of a sample. It can be very sensitive to the presence of even a single outlier (unusually large or small observation).
b)
A picture that conveys information about the most important features of a numerical data set: center, spread, extent of skewness, and presence of outliers.
c)
This quantity gives the distance between an observation and the mean expressed as a certain number of standard deviations. It is positive (negative) if the observation lies above (below) the mean.
d)
This rule gives the approximate percentage of observations within 1 standard deviation (68%), 2 standard deviations (95%), and 3 standard deviations (99.7%) of the mean when the histogram is well approximated by a normal curve.
23.
This quantity gives the distance between an observation and the mean expressed as a certain number of standard deviations. 
a)
rth percentile
b)
z score
c)
boxplot
d)
population mean
24.
Displays the count (frequency) of observations in each category or class.
a)
contingency table
b)
frequency table
c)
segmented bar chart
25.
When a distribution is not symmetric and one tail stretches farther than the other. 
a)
distribution
b)
skewed distribution
c)
symmetric distribution
d)
uniform distribution
26.
look for: single vs. multiple modes, symmetry vs. skewness, outliers and gaps   
a)
 Shape
b)
Mean
c)
Range
d)
Gap
27.
displays the 5 number summary as a central box, whiskers that extend to the nonoutlying data values, and any outliers shown 
a)
dotplot
b)
frequency table
c)
boxplot
d)
histogram
28.
A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around the center. Include IQR and standard deviation.
a)
shape
b)
spread
c)
mode
d)
range
29.
Distance between highest and lowest scores in a set of data.
a)
Mode
b)
Median
c)
Mean
d)
Range
30.
uses adjacent bars to show the distribution of a quantitative variable 
a)
Histogram
b)
Bar Chart
c)
Pie Chart
d)
Line graph
31.
Distribution with two modes. 
a)
unimodal
b)
bimodal
c)
multimodal
d)
uniform
32.
A measure of variability that describes an average distance of every score from the mean. 
a)
variance
b)
IQR
c)
standard deviation
d)
gap
33.

Which of the following best describes a Type I error?

a)

The null is true, but we mistakenly reject it.

b)

The null is false and we reject it.

c)

The null is false, but we fail to reject it.

d)

The null is true but we fail to reject it.

e)

The null is true, and we fail to reject it.

34.
To test a claim about a mean, when the population standard deviation is unknown we use:
a)
z procedures
b)
Pythagorean Theorem
c)
t procedures
d)
np > 10 and n(1-p) > 10
35.

The null hypothesis is represented by:

a)

Ha

b)

Ho

c)

t*

d)

HP

e)

μ

36.

The null hypothesis always contains a(an):

a)

< or >

b)

=

c)

>

d)

= or >

e)

≠

37.
When p-value is greater than alpha we:
a)
Accept Ho
b)
Accept Ha
c)
Fail to reject Ho
d)
Reject Ho
38.
Margin of error equals:
a)
Critical Value ∗ standard Error
b)
z*
c)
1.96
d)
Standard Error
39.
What is the Power of a test?
a)
A strong force
b)
The probability that we correctly reject a false null.
c)
The probability that we correctly accept a true null.
d)
How tough it is.
40.

Which of the following best describes a type II error?

a)

The null is true, but we mistakenly reject it.

b)

The null is false and we reject it.

c)

The null is false, but we fail to reject it.

d)

The null is true but we fail to reject it.

e)

Te null is false, and we reject it.

41.
What does it mean when a test is statistically significant?
a)
it has reached alpha level status
b)
the test statistic had a P-value higher than the alpha level
c)
the test statistic had a P-value lower than the alpha level
d)
it is important in practical terms
42.
How can you reduce both Type I and Type II errors?
a)
it can't be reduced
b)
redo the tests
c)
increase the sample size
d)
tamper with the data
43.
What do we use to estimate unknown parameters?
a)
Hypothesis Test
b)
Confidence Interval
c)
Trig Identity
d)
Guess and check
44.

groups of similar individuals in a sample

a)

cluster

b)

block

c)

strata

d)

experimental units

45.

Voluntary Response...

a)

systematically favoring certain outcomes

b)

individuals are chosen based on who is easily available

c)

when some groups in the population are left out of the process

d)

individuals choose on their own to participate in the sample

46.

Systematically favoring certain outcomes

a)

response bias

b)

confounding

c)

non response

d)

bias

47.

Under coverage is

a)

when an individual chosen can't be contacted or refuses to participate

b)

a specific condition applied to the individuals

c)

individuals choose on their own to participate in the sample

d)

when some groups in the population are left out of the process of choosing the sample

48.

n individuals chosen in such a way that each group of n has an equal chance of being the sample selected

a)

stratified random sample

b)

convenience sample

c)

simple random sample

d)

cluster sample

49.

Deliberately imposes some treatment on individuals to measure their response

a)

experiment

b)

observational study

c)

survey

d)

random sampling

50.

the explanatory variables in an experiment

a)

subjects

b)

factors

c)

treatments

d)

experimental units

51.

people used in an experiment

a)

factors

b)

experimental units

c)

subjects

d)

treatments

52.

observes individuals and measures variables of interest only

a)

experiment

b)

survey

c)

random sampling

d)

observational study

53.

the entire group of individuals we want information about

a)

sample

b)

cluster

c)

strata

d)

population

54.

part or subgroup of the population we examine to gather information

a)

cluster

b)

sample

c)

population

d)

strata

55.

group of individuals that are located near each other

a)

sample

b)

population

c)

cluster

d)

strata

56.

individuals are chosen based on who is easily available

a)

simple random sample

b)

cluster sample

c)

voluntary sample

d)

convenience sample

57.

sampling design that requires dividing the population into strata and random samples are drawn from each stratum

a)

simple random sample

b)

cluster sample

c)

stratified random sample

d)

convenience sample

58.

when an individual chosen for the sample can't be contacted or refuses to particpate

a)

undercoverage

b)

response bias

c)

nonresponse

d)

bias

59.

experimental units

a)

people used in an experiment

b)

individuals on which an experiment is done

c)

a specific condition applied to the individuals

d)

the explanatory variables in an experiment

60.

a specific condition applied to the individuals

a)

treatment

b)

factor

c)

level

d)

experimental unit

61.

when one party knows and the other doesn't in an experiment

a)

double blind

b)

block

c)

matched pairs

d)

single blind

62.

Placebo effect

a)

individuals assigned to a dummy or baseline treatment level

b)

using enough individuals in each group

c)

the tendency to show a response even when a dummy treatment is used

d)

assigning individuals at random to treatments using a chance process

63.

control group

a)

assigning of individuals at random to treatments using a chance process

b)

using enough individuals in each treatment group

c)

individuals assigned to a dummy or baseline treatment level

d)

showing a response when a dummy treatment is administered

64.

the assigning of individuals at random to treatments using a chance process

a)

random sampling

b)

block design

c)

random assignment

d)

matched pairs

65.

when an observed difference is too large to believe that it is likely to have occurred naturally

a)

placebo effect

b)

completely randomized design

c)

statistically significant

d)

replication

66.

replication

a)

neither the subject nor those who interact know which treatment is being imposed

b)

the assigning of individuals at random to treatments using a chance process

c)

using enough individuals in each treatment group

d)

individuals assigned to a dummy or baseline treatment

67.

neither the subject nor those who interact know which treatment is being imposed

a)

single blind

b)

cluster sampling

c)

double blind

d)

control group

68.

group of individuals that are known before the experiment to be similar in some way

a)

strata

b)

block

c)

control group

d)

cluster

69.

subjects who are similar in ways are grouped together and them compared with each other on the variable of interest

a)

matched pairs

b)

strata

c)

cluster

d)

control group

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