WorksheetsEchinoderms & Invertebrate Chordates
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 28mins
Echinoderms have a spiny exoskeleton.
True
False
What are pedicellariae and what do they do?
small pincers on the skin that aid in catching food and
removing foreign materials
large pincers on the skin that aid in digesting food and
capturing foreign materials
What kind of body symmetry to adult Echinoderms have?
Radial
Bilateral
What kind of body symmetry to larvae Echinoderms have?
Radial
Bilateral
Which one describes the structure and function of the water-vascular system?
Fluid-filled closed tubes used to move and get food
Fluid-filled open tubes used to move and get oxygen
Strainer-like opening through which water enters...
Ampulla
Madreporite
Tube Feet
Small, muscular, fluid-filled tubes that end with suction cups...
Ampulla
Madreporite
Tube Feet
Muscular sac that contracts to force water into the tube foot...
Ampulla
Madreporite
Tube Feet
Identify three functions of tube feet:
Movement
Food Collection
Respiration (breathing)
Mating
How do sea stars feed?
Push their stomachs out of their mouths and onto their prey and spread digestive enzymes over the food, then use cilia to bring the digested material to their mouths.
Push their teeth out of their mouths and onto their prey and suck on their prey until it is softened, then use arms to bring the digested material to their mouths.
Which one describes the structure of the nervous system in echinoderms?
Nerve ring surrounds the mouth w/branching nerve cords and have sensory and motor neurons.
Spinal ring surrounds the mouth w/branching veins and have sensory and motor electrons.
Sensory neurons respond to what four environmental stimuli?
Touch
Chemicals dissolved in the water
Water currents
Light
Sounds
What are eyespots?
Light-sensitive cells at the tips of the arms of sea stars
Light-sensitive cells at the middle of the head of the sea star
Most echinoderms reproduce sexually through internal fertilization.
True
False
Sea Stars - What is the basic body plan?
3 arms arranged around a central disk
5 arms arranged around a central disk
6 arms arranged around a central disk
8 arms arranged around a central disk
Sea Stars - Where are they often found?
shallow water near the shore and in tide pools when the tide recedes
deep water near the open ocean and on the sea floor
Sea Stars - Often prey on what type of mollusk?
Bivalves
Clams
Mussels
Oysters
Sea Stars - Why are they not the usual prey of other marine predators?
Because of spiny skins
Because they are too hard to catch
Brittle Stars - Most have 5 arms that are thin and very flexible.
True
False
Brittle Stars - How do their tube feet differ from sea stars?
Do not have suckers on their tube feet (can’t use them for movement)
Have suckers on their tube feet and use them for movement
Brittle Stars - How do they move?
By rowing or snakelike arm movements
Water jet propulsion
Brittle Stars - Brittle stars hide in crevices of rocks at night and feed during the day.
True
False
Brittle Stars - How do they obtain their nutrients?
Active predators or scavengers and trap material in mucus on their
arms
They absorb it through their surroundings
Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars - What are the burrowing habits of Sea urchins?
burrow into rocky areas
burrow into sand
Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars - What are the burrowing habits of Sand Dollars?
Burrow into rocky areas
Burrow into sand
Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars - Identify two uses of venom in sea urchin spines:
fend of predators
paralyze prey
protects them with a hard shell
Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars - How do sea urchins obtain nutrients?
Predators as well as herbivorous grazers
Absorb it from their surroundings
Filter organic particles from the sand
Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars - How do sand dollars obtain nutrients?
Filter organic particles from the sand
Absorb it from their surroundings
Predators as well as herbivorous grazers
Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars - What is Aristotle’s Lantern?
a chewing apparatus consisting of 5 hard plates
a swimming apparatus consisting of 5 fins
Sea Lilies and Feather Stars - Sea lilies and feather stars are the most ancient echinoderms.
True
False
Sea Lilies and Feather Stars - Sea lilies and feather stars have no sessile stages during their life cycles.
True
False
Sea Lilies and Feather Stars - How do sea lilies and feather stars differ in body shape?
Sea Lilly – flower-shaped body at the top of a long stalk
Feather Star – long-branched arms radiate up from a central area
Sea Lilly – long-branched arms radiate up from a central area
Feather Star – flower-shaped body at the top of a long stalk
Sea Lilies and Feather Stars - How do they obtain nutrients?
Extend arms to capture suspended organic matter
Absorb it from their surroundings
Sea Cucumbers - Sea cucumbers have a smooth, slick outer body.
True
False
Sea Cucumbers - How do they obtain nutrients?
Tube feet are modified to form tentacles that extend from around
their mouths to trap suspended food particles
Absorb it from their surroundings using their tube feet to excrete digestive enzymes
Sea Cucumbers - Sea cucumbers are the only echinoderms to have what body organs?
Respiratory Organs
Digestive Organs
Brain
Neurological System
Sea Cucumbers - How do they potentially confuse predators?
Can expel internal organs when threatened (play dead)
Camouflage
Sea Daisy - Sea daisies are less than 1 cm in diameter.
True
False
Sea Daisy - What is the basic body plan of a sea daisy?
Disc-shaped w/ no arms
Disc-shaped w/ 2 arms
Sea Daisy - Where are the tube feet of sea daisies located?
around the edge of the disc
on top of the disc
on the bottom of the disc
What is one ecological benefit of echinoderms?
Food Source
Take pollution out of the water
Sea cucumbers and sea urchins are bioturbators. What does this mean and why is it important?
They stir up sediment on the ocean floor making nutrients
available to other organisms.
They eat other organisms that are predators to other smaller organisms
What two aquatic ecosystems are susceptible to destruction from echinoderms?
Coral Reefs
Kelp Forests
Open Oceans
Ocean Floor
Tube shaped; anterior end become brain; posterior end becomes spinal cord.
Notochord
Dorsal Nerve Chord
Pharyngeal Pouches
Postanal Tail
Used for filter feeding and or gas exchange.
Notochord
Dorsal Nerve Chord
Pharyngeal Pouches
Postanal Tail
Used primarily for locomotion
Notochord
Dorsal Nerve Chord
Pharyngeal Pouches
Postanal Tail
Flexible rod-like structure that extends the length of the body
Notochord
Dorsal Nerve Chord
Pharyngeal Pouches
Postanal Tail
Lancelets - Lancelets are small fish without scales.
True
False
Lancelets - Lancelets lack color in their skin.
True
False
Lancelets - How do lancelets feed?
Filter Feed
Absorb through their surroundings
Lancelets - What are two sensory receptors of lancelets?
light receptors
small sensory tentacles near the mouth
Sound sensors
Tunicates - What are tunicates named for?
Thick outer covering called a tunic
The way their feed resembles a tunic
Tunicates - Why are tunicates also known as sea squirts?
When disturbed they eject a stream of water with
force through the excurrent siphon.
When disturbed they eject a stream of ink with
force through the excurrent siphon
Tunicates - where are tunicates found?
Most live in shallow water; some live in masses on the ocean floor
Most live alone in the deep open ocean
Tunicates - How do tunicates obtain nutrients?
Beating cilia draws water into the incurrent siphon; food particles are trapped in a mucous net and moved into the stomach
Tentacles draw water into the incurrent siphon; food particles are trapped in a mucous net and moved into the stomach
