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Natural selection, Hardy Weinberg Practice Quiz

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
In the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, q2 is the frequency of what?
a)
The recessive allele 
b)
the dominant allele
c)
the recessive genotype
d)
the dominant genotype
2.

If 98 out of 200 individuals in a population express the frequency of recessive genotype, what percent of the population would you predict would be heterozygous?

a)

70%

b)

30%

c)

42%

d)

49%

3.
Which Hardy-Weinberg equation represents the genotype frequencies in a population?
a)
p + q = 1
b)
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
c)
p2 + pq2 + q2 = 1
d)
p + 2pq + q3 = 1
4.
Which Hardy-Weinberg factor represents the frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population?
a)
p2
b)
2pq
c)
q2
d)
p2 + 2pq
5.
A population of frogs has 37 individuals who are brown in color and 194 individuals who express the dominant green color. What is the dominant allele frequency for this population?
a)
0.2
b)
0.4
c)
0.6
d)
0.8
6.
Gene flow involves
a)
Natural disasters killing most of the members of a population
b)
Individuals moving into and out of the population
c)
Selective mating
d)
Small changes because of the environment
7.
Genetic drift is likely to be seen in a population
a)
That has a low mutation rate
b)
In which natural selection is occurring
c)
That is very small
d)
For which environmental conditions are changing
8.
What does the image represent?
a)
Gene flow
b)
Genetic drift
c)
Mutation
d)
Adaptation
9.
Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...
a)
random chance
b)
natural selection
c)
non-random mating (sexual selection)
d)
artificial selection
10.
Which of the following is an example of the bottle neck effect?
a)
Bald Eagles are hunted until near extinction, population recovers.
b)
Small group of iguanas floats to an island, starts a new population.
c)
Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.
d)
Farmer chooses seeds from largest apples to plant next year.  This results in larger apples from year to year.
11.
Which of the following is an example of the founder effect?
a)
Bald Eagles are hunted until near extinction, population recovers.
b)
Small group of iguanas floats to an island, starts a new population.
c)
Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.
d)
Farmer chooses seeds from largest apples to plant next year.  This results in larger apples from year to year.
12.
What does the picture represent?
a)
Founder Effect
b)
Mutations
c)
Bottleneck effect
d)
Gene Flow
13.
What does the image represent?
a)
Founder effect
b)
Bottleneck effect
c)
Mutation
d)
Natural Selection
14.
Genetic drift (bottleneck or founder) tends to ___________ genetic variation (diversity)
a)
Increase
b)
Decrease
c)
Stabilize
d)
Exaggerate 
15.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
16.

Yellow toucan birds seek out one another to make babies together and tend to avoid the green toucan birds. This violates which Jardy Weinberg condition?

a)

Genetic Drift

b)

Non-random mating

c)

Gene flow

d)

Mutation

17.
Which organisms are most likely to survive?
a)
the best adapted
b)
the fastest
c)
the strongest
d)
the most domesticated (tamed)
18.
There was once a large population of cheetah, but about 12,000 years ago most of the cheetahs were killed off because of human activity and only a few survived.  What is this an example of?
a)
Bottleneck Effect
b)
Genetic Drift
c)
Founder Effect
d)
Natural Selection
19.

What does the Hardy-Weinberg equation measure?

a)

allele frequencies

b)

numbers of mutations

c)

goodness of fit

d)

genetic diversity

20.
A population of 150 individuals has an allele frequency of 0.3 for the dominant allele (B) and a frequency of 0.7 for the recessive allele (b). Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to determine the frequency of the genotype (bb).
a)
0.09
b)
0.42
c)
0.49
d)
0.21
21.

Two groups of chipmunks cannot mate anymore because the grand canyon separates them; this is

a)

Behavioral isolation

b)

allopatric speciation

c)

sympatric speciation

d)

temporal isolation

22.

DIfferent populations of Galapagos Finches do not mate due to a difference in their mating songs and mate selection. This is an example of

a)

geographic isolation

b)

habitat isolation

c)

gametic isolation

d)

behavioral isolation

23.
How well an organism survives and reproduces in its environment can be described as its
a)
fitness
b)
homologies
c)
common descent
d)
analogies
24.
When two populations no longer interbreed, what is the result?
a)
genetic equilibrium
b)
reproductive isolation
c)
stabilizing selection
d)
recombinant DNA
25.
Mutations, crossing-over, genetic recombination, and random fertilization are all sources of
a)
genetic variation
b)
stabilizing selection
c)
genetic equilibrium
d)
genetic drift
26.
What kid of isolation occurs when two populations of birds have different courtship dances?
a)
geographic
b)
sexual
c)
temporal
d)
behavioral
27.
What type of speciation involves geographic isolation?
a)
Allopatric
b)
Sympatric
c)
Both
28.

What type of speciation involves isolation due to behavior such as mate choice even though they live in the same area?

a)

Allopatric

b)

Sympatric

c)

Both

29.
Which type of speciation occurred when a few finches were blown from the coast of South America to the Galapagos Islands and then evolved into 14 different finch species?
a)
Allopatric
b)
Sympatric
30.
Which type of speciation occurred when maggot flies living on harthorns began to feed on apples?
a)
Allopatric
b)
Sympatric
31.
The model that predicts evolution occurs at a slow, steady rate is called...
a)
gradualism
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
convergent evolution 
32.
The model that predicts evolution occurs in rapid bursts followed by long periods of no change is called...
a)
gradualism
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
convergent evolution 
33.

The reproductive organs of the male damselfly varies in shape. Certain males can only hold onto & mate with females whose genitalia fit. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

a)

behavioral isolation

b)

temporal isolation

c)

gametic isolation

d)

mechanical isolation

34.
When a zebra & horse mate, they create a zorse. Zorses are most often sterile. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
hybrid sterility 
c)
gametic isolation
d)
mechanical isolation 
35.
Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. Females are beginning to only mate with the type of males with the tail they prefer. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
hybrid sterility 
c)
temporal isolation
d)
mechanical isolation 
36.
The flowers of pink tulips open in the morning, while the flowers of lavender tulips open in the early afternoon. The bees that pollinate these tulips cannot carry pollen back & forth between the two types of tulips because of their flowers being closed at different times of day. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
hybrid sterility 
c)
temporal isolation
d)
mechanical isolation 
37.
What is a species? 
a)
A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. 
b)
A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile.
c)
A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. 
d)
Indivual organisms that live in the same environment. 
38.
A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
temporal isolation 
c)
gametic isolation
d)
geographic isolation 
39.

The pollen (sperm) of a flowering plant cannot fertilize the egg cell of a nearby flowering plant of its kind because the receptors on the eggs don't recognize the pollen grains. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

a)

behavioral isolation

b)

temporal isolation

c)

gametic isolation

d)

geographic isolation

40.

Individuals at the upper and lower ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle.

a)

directional selection

b)

stabilizing selection

c)

disruptive seleciton

41.

Individuals near the center of the curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end.

a)

directional selection

b)

stabilizing selection

c)

disruptive seleciton

42.
Label graph A
a)
disruptive selection
b)
directional selection
c)
stabilizing selection
d)
no selection
43.
Label graph B
a)
disruptive selection
b)
directional selection
c)
stabilizing selection
d)
no selection
44.
Starlings produce an average of five eggs in each clutch. If there are more than five, the parents cannot adequately feed the young. If there are fewer than five, predators may destroy the entire clutch. This is an example of
a)
disruptive
b)
stablizing
c)
directional
d)
Gryffindor
45.
What type of selection is this?
a)
Directional Selection
b)
Stabilizing Selection
c)
Disruptive Selection
d)
Natural Selection
46.
What type of selection is this?
a)
Directional Selection
b)
Stabilizing Selection
c)
Disruptive Selection
d)
Natural Selection
47.
What type of selection is this?
a)
Directional Selection
b)
Stabilizing Selection
c)
Disruptive Selection
d)
Natural Selection
48.
If 98 out of 200 individuals in a population express the recessive phenotype, what percent of the population would you predict would be heterozygous?
a)
70%
b)
30%
c)
42%
d)
49%
49.
A population of 150 individuals has an allele frequency of 0.7 for the recessive allele. Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to determine the heterozygous genotype frequency.
a)
0.09
b)
0.42
c)
0.49
d)
0.21
50.
A population of 150 individuals has an allele frequency of 0.7 for the recessive allele.Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to determine the homozygous dominant genoptype frequency.
a)
0.09
b)
0.42
c)
0.49
d)
0.21
51.
Gene flow involves
a)
Natural disasters killing most of the members of a population
b)
Individuals moving into and out of the population
c)
Selective mating
d)
Small changes because of the environment
52.
Gene flow involves
a)
Natural disasters killing most of the members of a population
b)
Individuals moving into and out of the population
c)
Selective mating
d)
Small changes because of the environment
53.

The three species pictured do not share a common ancestor, yet have evolved to have a similar anatomy and life style. This is an example of ?

a)

Homologous Structures

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Vestigial Organs

d)

Convergent Evolution

54.

The three species pictured share a common ancestor and have adapted so that each lives in a different environment. This is an example of

a)

Law of Superposition

b)

Evolutionary Arms Race

c)

Divergent Evolution

d)

Convergent Evolution

55.
In convergent evolution, organisms share physical similarities because they 
a)
have a common ancestor
b)
live in the same enviornment
c)
develop homologous structures
d)
are closely related 
56.
Flying fish, flying birds, and bats are examples of which of the following?
a)
convergent evolution & homologous structures
b)
convergent evolution & analogous structures
c)
divergent evolution & homologous structures
d)
divergent evolution & analogous structures
57.
Farmer Joe only breeds the largest hogs, the fastest horses, or the cows that give the most milk. This is an example of:
a)
natural selection
b)
fitness
c)
articifical selection
d)
survival of the fittest
58.
Evolution toward similar characteristics in unrelated species, resulting from adaptations to similar environmental conditions.
a)
Fossil
b)
Fitness
c)
Convergent Evolution
d)
Divergent Evolution
59.
Why are the beak sizes and shapes of Darwin’s finches different?
a)
They had different ancestors.
b)
They adapted to the type of predators.
c)
They adapted to the type of food available.
d)
They crossbred with different bird species.
60.

A researcher observes that, in a population or frogs, the brown frogs can hide better than green frogs. A heron that is normally absent from this pond has made it's home in this pond and has been hunting the frogs. The heron finds green frogs easier. What would be the prediction for the next generation?

a)

the number of green frogs would increase in the next generation

b)

the researcher would observe the green frogs changing their color to adapt

c)

more brown frogs survive and pass down the allele for brown skin, the next generation would have a higher frequency of brown frogs

d)

there would be no difference in the number of brown and green frogs in the next generation

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