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Eighth Grade Science FINAL EXAM REVIEW

Total questions: 108

Worksheet time: 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The scientific study of interactions among organisms and their physical environment.

a)

ecology

b)

ecosystem

c)

pscyhology

d)

biology

2.

Consists of all life on earth, and all parts of earth in which life exists including land, water and the atmosphere.

a)

biosystem

b)

biology

c)

biosphere

d)

cryosphere

3.

What does an organism get from its environment?

a)

food

b)

water

c)

shelter

d)

other things it needs to live, grow and reproduce

4.

An environment that provides the things a specific organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce.

a)

ecology

b)

habitat

c)

ecosystem

d)

biosphere

5.

Any living part of the environment with which an organism may interact including animals, plants, fungi and bacteria.

a)

biotic factors

b)

abiotic factors

c)

biologic factors

d)

abiologic factors

6.

5 biotic factors include:

a)

humans

b)

trees

c)

prairie dogs

d)

mushrooms

e)

butterflies

7.

Any non-living part of the environment.

a)

biotic factors

b)

abiotic factors

c)

biologic factors

d)

abiologic factors

8.

5 abiotic factors:

a)

humidity

b)

water

c)

wind

d)

currents

e)

soil type

9.

Organization of an ecosystem: any individual living thing that can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, and maintain homeostasis.

a)

individual organism

b)

species

c)

population

d)

community

10.

Organization of an ecosystem: a group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can mate and reproduce as well.

a)

species

b)

individual organism

c)

population

d)

community

11.

Organization of an ecosystem: all members of a species living in a particular area.

a)

species

b)

individual organism

c)

population

d)

community

12.

Organization of an ecosystem: an assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area.

a)

community

b)

species

c)

population

d)

biome

13.

Organization of an ecosystem: a community of organisms that live in a particular area along with their nonliving environments

a)

species

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

14.

Organization of an ecosystem: a group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms.

a)

biome

b)

biosphere

c)

organism

d)

species

15.

Organization of an ecosystem: our entire planet with all of its organisms and physical environments

a)

biosphere

b)

biome

c)

biotic

d)

biology

16.

The following 3 factors that influence a population except for:

a)

births and deaths

b)

immigration and emigration

c)

limited factors

d)

unlimited factors

17.

What is the most common way to join a population?

a)

adoption

b)

rental

c)

born into it

d)

moving on up

18.

What is the most common way to leave a population?

a)

moving out

b)

immigration

c)

emigration

d)

to die

19.

True of birth rate:

a)

number of births/1000 individuals/given time period

b)

if birth rate is greater than the death rate then the population increases

c)

if death rate is greater than the birth rate then the population decreases

d)

if the birth and death rate are equal, the population stays the same

e)

all

20.

The number of deaths/1000 individuals/given time period

a)

birth rate

b)

immigration rate

c)

death rate

d)

emigration rate

21.

Moving into a population

a)

Immigration

b)

Emigration

c)

Denigration

d)

Consternation

22.

Leaving a population

a)

immigration

b)

emigration

c)

refugee

d)

alien

23.

Population density

a)

number of individuals in an area of a specific size

b)

number of individuals in an area of a specific density

c)

number of individuals in an area of a specific species

d)

number of individuals in an area of a specific population

24.

# individuals/unit area

a)

population density

b)

census density

c)

head count

25.

An environmental factor that causes a population to stop growing or decrease in size

a)

limiting factor

b)

biotic factor

c)

abiotic factor

d)

ecologic factor

26.

When do we get limiting factors?

a)

weather conditions

b)

space

c)

food

d)

water

27.

The largest population that an area can support

a)

carrying capacity

b)

caring capactiy

c)

carrying density

d)

population density

28.

The role of an organism in its habitat

a)

Niche

b)

Ecosystem

c)

Population area

d)

Community

29.

What happens when two species share the same niche?

a)

one of the species might die due to competition

b)

they reproduce with each other

c)

they form ligers and tions

d)

none

30.

True of competition:

a)

the struggle between 2 organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resources

b)

weeds vs. vegetables in a garden

c)

2 stags fighting for a mate

d)

birds and squirrels eating mangos from a tree

31.

True of predation:

a)

an interaction in which one organism kills another for food or nutrients

b)

humans and deer

c)

seals and sharks

d)

lions and antelopes

32.

The organism that kills for food

a)

predator

b)

prey

c)

producer

d)

consumer

33.

The organism that is killed for food

a)

predator

b)

prey

c)

consumer

d)

producer

34.

What effects can predation have on populations?

a)

too many predators, prey population will decrease, their food source will decrease resulting in a decrease in the predator population

b)

if there are too few predators, the prey population goes uncontrolled until they dominate the ecosystem or the predator population then rises

c)

everyone lives happily ever after

d)

everyone gets fat

35.

List 5 predators and adaptations

a)

bears: claws and teeth

b)

boas: constriction

c)

cobra: venom

d)

sharks: speed, size, teeth

e)

owls: sharp eyesight and night vision

36.

List 5 prey and adaptations

a)

skunks and unpleasant smell

b)

porcupines and quills

c)

poison dart frogs and color

d)

leaf insects and camouflage

e)

mimic octopus and imitation

37.

A relationship in which 2 species live close together and at least 1 species benefits

a)

symbiosis

b)

symphysis

c)

symphony

d)

biosis

38.

3 types of symbiosis and an example

a)

mutualism-both species benefit

eg. impala and oxpecker

b)

commensalism-one species benefits and the other isn't affected

eg. a bird and a tree

c)

parasitism- one species benefits from living with, on, or in an organism and harming it

eg. people and candiru fish

d)

predatorism-an animal eats another

a lion eats the antelope and wildebeests

39.

A series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time

a)

succesions

b)

recessions

c)

presences

d)

processions

40.

2 types of succession:

a)

primary- series of changes that occur when no soil or organisms exists

eg. barren place, never populated

b)

secondary-series of changes that occur when an ecosystem is disturbed but soil and organisms still exist

eg. fire

c)

tertirary-series of changes that occur when no soil or organism exists

41.

What are the 3 roles of organisms in an ecosystem?

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

decomposer

d)

director

42.

True of producers:

a)

organisms that make their own food

b)

they get their energy from the sun

c)

they need to be predators

d)

none

43.

The relationship between producers and photosynthesis?

a)

producers use photosynthesis to waste energy

b)

producers use photosynthesis to obtain energy

c)

producers use consumers who use photosynthesis

d)

they do not need photosynthesis

44.

Consumer

a)

an organism that cannot make its own food

b)

must kill and eat other organisms to obtain energy

c)

both

d)

none

45.

consumers that only eat plants:

a)

herbivores

b)

carnivores

c)

omnivores

d)

scavengers

46.

consumers that only eat animals

a)

herbivores

b)

omnivores

c)

carnivores

d)

scavengers

47.

organisms that eat both plants and animals

a)

omnivores

b)

carnivores

c)

herbivores

d)

scavengers

48.

organisms that obtain energy through breaking down biotic waste and dead organisms, and then returning the raw materials to the environment

a)

decomposers

b)

scavengers

c)

carnivores

d)

omnivores

49.

carnivores that feed on the bodies of dead organisms

a)

scavengers

b)

consumers

c)

producers

d)

onmnivores

50.

Energy moves through an ecosystem when one organism ______ another.

a)

eats

b)

produces

c)

marries

d)

divorces

51.

A series of events in which one organism eats the other and obtains energy.

a)

food chain

b)

food web

c)

energy pyramid

d)

ecosystem

52.

Many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem.

a)

food chain

b)

food web

c)

ecosystem

d)

energy pyramid

53.

A diagram that shows the amount of energy moving from one feeding level to another in a food web.

a)

energy pyramid

b)

food chain

c)

food web

d)

ecosystem

54.

The water cycle consists of all except:

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

transpiration

d)

precipitation

e)

filtration

55.

The process by which a gas changes into a liquid when it cools down.

a)

condensation

b)

evaporation

c)

transpiration

d)

precipitation

56.

The process by which molecules of water absorb energy and change into a gas.

a)

condensation

b)

evaporation

c)

precipitation

d)

transpiration

57.

The evaporation of water from plants.

a)

condensation

b)

evaporation

c)

transpiration

d)

precipitation

58.

Heavy drops of water that fall from the clouds in the form of sleet, snow, rain or hail.

a)

transpiration

b)

condensation

c)

evaporation

d)

precipitation

59.

Explain the carbon cycle:

a)

1) carbon compounds are taken in from ground or air by producers for photosynthesis

b)

2) consumers take in the C compounds by eating the producer

c)

3) C compounds are returned to the soil by decomposers

d)

3) C compounds are released into the air by producers and consumers

60.

Explain the oxygen cycle:

a)

1) producers release oxygen as a result of photosynthesis

b)

2) organisms take in the oxygen through the air or water to carry out their life processes

c)

3) there is no third step

61.

How are the carbon/oxygen cycles related to photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a)

CO2 is used in photosynthesis

b)

O2 is used in cellular respiration

c)

O2 is produced in photosynthesis

d)

CO2 is released by cellular respiration

62.

What percentage is nitrogen in our atmosphere?

a)

78%

b)

10%

c)

26%

d)

100%

63.

Why is nitrogen gas called "free"?

a)

it is not combined with any other atoms

b)

it is combined with O2

c)

it is combined with hydrogen

d)

all

64.

The process of changing free N into a usable form of N.

a)

nitrogen production

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

nitrogen consumption

d)

nitrogen elimination

65.

The relationship between bacteria and nitrogen fixation?

a)

bacteria performs most N fixation

b)

bacteria benefit from N fixation

c)

bacteria die from N fixation

d)

all

66.

Nitrogen is returned to the environment:

a)

when N is broken down by bacteria which release free N into the air to back into the cycle again

b)

when it enters photosynthesis

c)

it never does

d)

it is lost forever

67.

True of a desert:

a)

rainfall in a desert: an area that receives less than 25 cm rainfall/year

b)

temperature in a desert: shifts from really hot in the day to really cold at night

c)

all

68.

Some adaptations of animals that live in the desert:

a)

hunt at night

b)

gila monsters spend weeks without water

c)

camels store water in humps

d)

all

69.

What is a rainforest?

a)

there is a large amount of rainfall each year in this type of forest

b)

there is little rainfall

c)

temperature varies depending on the time

d)

temperature is always hot and humid

70.

2 types of rainforests:

a)

tropical

b)

temperate

c)

boreal

d)

taiga

71.

In what region of the Earth do we find the following rainforests?

a)

tropical: closer to the Equator

b)

tropical: near poles

c)

temperate: in NW US

d)

temperate: in NW Russia

72.

What does the word temperate mean?

a)

having a moderate temperature

b)

having a hot temperature

c)

having a cold temperature

d)

none

73.

What are the 3 layers found in the tropical rainforest?

a)

1) emergent: top layer, receives most sunlight, up to 70 m high

b)

2) canopy, up to 50 m high

c)

3) understory, 15 m high

74.

True of grasslands:

a)

areas populated mostly by grass and non woody plants

b)

receive from 25-75 cm of rain/year

c)

prone to fires and droughts

75.

A grassland found in the middle latitudes, receives more rain than deserts and has scattered areas of trees and shrubs.

a)

prairie

b)

grassland

c)

savanna

d)

rainforest

76.

A grassland closer to the Equator that receives as much as 120 cm of rain each year and has scattered trees and shrubs.

a)

grassland

b)

prairie

c)

savanna

d)

rainforest

77.

A forest with mostly deciduous trees that receives at least 50 cm of rain/year, the temperatures vary, and provides a home for many animals, is quiet during the winter and has a growing season lasting 5-6 months.

a)

deciduous forest

b)

rainforest

c)

savanna

d)

grassland

78.

What is the difference between a prairie and a savanna?

a)

A prairie is farther from Equator

b)

A savanna is closer to the Equator

79.

What does the word deciduous mean?

a)

shedding its leaves annually

b)

making decisions

c)

cannot decide

d)

doubtful

80.

What does it mean to migrate?

a)

flee bad government

b)

flee bad country

c)

to travel great distances to warmer areas

d)

to divide your cells

81.

What does it mean to hibernate?

a)

take a long nap

b)

die but be frozen

c)

to transfer seeds

d)

to enter a state of greatly reduced body activity similar to sleep

82.

True of boreal forests:

a)

temperature is cold

b)

rainfall conditions are rainy summers

83.

Dense forest found in upper regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Most of the plants are coniferous trees. There are very cold winters. There are warm, rainy summers.

a)

Boreal

b)

Taiga

c)

Coniferous

d)

Prairie

84.

Russian name for boreal (means northern) forests

a)

boreal

b)

taiga

c)

coniferous

d)

savanna

85.

Trees with thick, waxy needles for leaves and produce their seeds in cones

a)

coniferous trees

b)

boreal

c)

taiga

d)

savanna

86.

True of the tundra

a)

rainfall: very dry with as much or less precipitation than deserts

b)

temperature: extremely cold

87.

Frozen soil found in the tundra

a)

permafrost

b)

permifrost

c)

frost perm

d)

frosty permanent

88.

Two land areas not classified as biomes:

a)

mountain ranges

b)

land covered with thick ice

89.

Why are they not classified as biomes?

a)

because the organisms that live in these areas vary

b)

they are not on Earth

90.

What percentage of Earth's surface is covered with water?

a)

1%

b)

20%

c)

80%

d)

66.6%

91.

What are the 2 types of aquatic ecosystems?

a)

freshwater

b)

saltwater

92.

The 4 types of freshwater ecosystems include:

a)

streams-bodies of water that at first flow slowly until they join other streams and form rivers

b)

rivers-same as streams

c)

ponds-

d)

lakes-same as ponds

93.

Main difference between streams/rivers and ponds/lakes:

a)

t

b)

t

c)

t

d)

t

94.

What is an estuary?

a)

a wildlife sanctuary

b)

a natural forest

c)

t

95.

List and describe ocean zones:

a)

t

b)

t

c)

t

d)

t

96.

Biodiversity

a)

t

b)

t

c)

t

d)

t

97.

Biodiversity has

a)

economic value:

b)

ecological value:

c)

no value

98.

What is a keystone species? Give one example

a)

fff

b)

f

c)

f

99.

5 factors that affect biodiversity:

a)

f

b)

f

c)

f

d)

f

e)

f

100.

ff

a)

endangered species

b)

threatened species

101.

ff

a)

threatened species

b)

endangered species

102.

How do humans affect biodiversity?

a)

f

b)

f

c)

f

d)

f

103.

f

a)

habitat destruction

b)

habitat fragmentation

c)

poaching

d)

pollution

104.

f

a)

habitat destruction

b)

habitat fragmentation

c)

poaching

d)

pollution

105.

f

a)

habitat destruction

b)

habitat fragmentation

c)

pollution

d)

poaching

106.

f

a)

pollution

b)

poaching

c)

exotic species

107.

f

a)

exotic species

b)

pollution

c)

poaching

108.

what can be done to protect biodiversity? (3)

a)

f

b)

f

c)

f

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