B.C. stands for Before Christ

A.D. stands for

Oldest civilization, "Cradle of Civilization" that was located between the Tigris & Euphrates Rivers

one of the earliest forms of writing that used wedge-shaped symbols in clay for sounds that came from Sumer in southern Mesopotamia

world's oldest known story that comes from Sumer about a king's search for immortality

created a harsh code of law in Babylon

Egyptian form of writing that used picture symbols for ideas

the river Egyptians depended on for survival

god-king ruler of Egypt

elaborate tomb for the pharaoh and his family

belief in one God

the belief in many different gods

religion that believes in the covenant between God & Abraham (Torah & Talmud) & is waiting for a messiah

Religion that believes in reincarnation and the universal spirit (Brahman)

Religion that believes in escaping suffering by giving up worldly desires & reaching enlightenment

rule by the people (Athens); citizens choose leaders

Sparta & Athens fought together against the Persians for control of Greece; famous battles of Marathon & Thermopylae

built an empire, conquered Persia, and spread Greek culture

period when Greek culture was spread to non-Greek lands

taught people to have a sense of duty to family & community; his teachings are recorded in the Analects

line of rulers from the same family

thinker who seeks wisdom and ponders questions about life

way of teaching developed by Socrates that used a question & answer format

sacred shrine where a priest or priestess spoke for a god or goddess

social group that a person is born into and cannot change; ancient India

The Greek city-states (Sparta & Athens) fought each other over a period of 27 years & left Greece weak and divided.

The war between the Greeks and Troy, won by the Greeks through trickery as recorded in the Iliad written by Homer.

rebirth of the soul or spirit in different bodies over time

good or bad deeds that follow you through reincarnation

Greek slave who wrote fables to teach lessons

one of the greatest Greek historians, wrote The History of the Persian Wars

ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey 850 B.C.

A professional record keeper

A powerful sea-faring people who created an alphabet to help keep trade records

series of wars between Rome & Carthage for control of trade in the Mediterranean Sea.

Roman general, consul, member of the First Triumvirate, dictator, and was also assassinated by 60 conspirators of the Roman Senate.

Which person do the Israelites trace their beginnings to; considered the Father of the Israelites?

What was the covenant between Abraham & God?

What is the Buddha's real name?

According to Buddha, where does human suffering come from?

What are the basic teachings of Buddhism called?

Rebirth of a soul or spirit

Your good or bad deeds that brings about good or bad energy in your life

People of India were divided into social classes called the ___________________ system

When a soul escapes the cycle of rebirth and reunites with the universal spirit, it is called:

Thracian who became gladiator & slave who escaped Roman captivity & led the largest slave revolt in Roman history.

Which of the following is NOT an objective of Greek Mythology?

This is the mythological home of the Greek gods.

The holy book of the Christians that contains the Old & New Testament is called the...

the son of God, Messiah, & savior who died on the cross for the sins of mankind

Which of the following can be used to describe the Vikings?

The area of Europe where the Vikings came from includes the countries of Norway, Sweden, & Denmark

floating gardens made by the Aztec

Used quipu for counting & keeping records

"Middle" America that stretches from the Valley of Mexico to Costa Rica

Spanish conqueror in the Americas

Political system based on the bond of loyal between kings and vassals in Europe during the Middle Ages?

The Magna Carta was:

Who was fighting for the holy land during the crusades?

conflict between the French & the English over control of Normandy and France

young peasant girl who led the French to victory at the Battle of Orleans; later burned at the stake for heresy

a civil war in England that broke out among nobles of the Lancaster & York families over who should be king; Henry Tudor became king

Charles Martel and the Franks defeated Muslim armies and stopped the spread of Islam in Europe

How did Henry Tudor bring an end to the Wars of the Roses?

What was an effect of the Crusades?

How much of Europe's population died as a result of the Black Plague?