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Spring 2018 Final Review

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A solar eclipse occur when positions of the sun, moon, and earth are such that one of these objects is between the other two. During a solar eclipse, which object is between the other two?

a)

sun

b)

moon

c)

earth

d)

none of the above

2.

the moon orbits

a)

earth

b)

sun

c)

saturn

d)

mercury

3.

earth's atmosphere protects it from

a)

high energy solar particles

b)

ultraviolet radiation

c)

space debris

d)

all of the above

4.

in 1687, ______ explained that gravitational forces hold the solar system together.

a)

Newton

b)

Copernicus

c)

Halley

d)

Galileo

5.

The solar system is held together by

a)

gravitational forces

b)

inertia

c)

angular momentum

d)

electrostatic forces

6.

______ allow earth to sustain life

a)

liquid water and an oxygen rich atmosphere

b)

animals and plants

c)

the moon's craters and maria

d)

ice and a methane rich atmosphere

7.

The mass of the sun is about _______ times larger than the mass of the earth.

a)

30

b)

3000

c)

30000

d)

30000000

8.

All stars

a)

reflect light from the sun

b)

appear to wander off their star paths

c)

produce their own light

d)

all of the above

9.

Stars are held together by

a)

ionic forces

b)

magnetic forces

c)

electrical forces

d)

gravitational forces

10.

Supergiant stars

a)

form from red giants

b)

fuse hydrogen into carbon

c)

form planetary nebulae

d)

form supernovas

11.

Energy produced in a star's core moves through the star by

a)

convection and fusion

b)

radiation and fusion

c)

convection and radiation

d)

none of the above

12.

The brightness of a star depends on its

a)

temperature

b)

size

c)

distance from earth

d)

all of the above

13.

the sun will eventually end up as a

a)

white dwarf

b)

brown dwarf

c)

neitron star

d)

black hole

14.

Stars produce energy by fusing hydrogen into

a)

oxygen

b)

iron

c)

carbon

d)

helium

15.

A _______ is so massive and compressed that net even light can escape its gravity.

a)

neutron star

b)

black hole

c)

protostar

d)

supernova

16.

A galaxy is a collection of _________ bound together by gravity

a)

stars

b)

superclusters

c)

universes

d)

none of the above

17.

Our solar system is located in which of these galaxies?

a)

andromeda

b)

milky way

c)

messier 87

d)

fornax A

18.

A star generates energy by

a)

fission

b)

photosynthesis

c)

fusion

d)

none of the above

19.

Like 90% of all stars in our galaxy, the sun is

a)

a red giant

b)

a very young star

c)

in midlife

d)

none of the above

20.

A light-year is a unit of

a)

time

b)

distance

c)

mass

d)

density

21.

An observation of the red shift of galaxies suggests that the universe is

a)

expanding

b)

contracting

c)

reversing

d)

stagnant

22.

The surface temperature of a star can be estimated based on the star's

a)

size

b)

color

c)

age

d)

mass

23.

An astronomer observes four stars, each of which is a different color. Of these stars, the ____ star is the hottest

a)

red

b)

blue

c)

yellow

d)

green

24.

A star is born when

a)

gas and dust collpse inward

b)

nuclear fusion starts in the core

c)

the fusion of hydrogen slows down

d)

the core becomes carbon and oxygen

25.

The core is the hottest part of the sun with a temperature of about

a)

50000 K

b)

1000000 K

c)

15000000 K

d)

200000000 K

26.

A convergent boundary occurs where two plates

a)

move toward each other

b)

move away from each other

c)

move past each other

d)

move over each other

27.

a transform fault boundary occurs where two plates

a)

move toward each other

b)

move away from each other

c)

move past each other

d)

move over each other

28.

a seismograph measures

a)

how much the surface of earth moves during an earthquake

b)

the speed of S waves

c)

the force of the earthquake

d)

the location of the epicenter

29.

The magnitude of earthquakes is expressed using

a)

the richter scale

b)

the mercalli scale

c)

the amplitude of the P waves

d)

the Mohs' scale

30.

weathering that does not alter the chemical composition of the rock is called

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

c)

biological weathering

d)

acid weathering

31.

what is the layer directly beneath earth's crust is called

a)

oceanic crust

b)

inner core

c)

outer core

d)

mantle

32.

Where do most earthquakes occur

a)

along convergent boundaries

b)

at vents in earth's crust

c)

near hot spots

d)

along shifting plate boundaries

33.

The location on earth's surface where most earthquake damage occurs is called the

a)

focus

b)

vent

c)

epicenter

d)

surface wave point

34.

Longitudinal waves are called primary waves because they

a)

are shaped like a P

b)

reach recording stations first

c)

only move across earth's surface

d)

cause the most destruction

35.

Which of the following statement is not true about the richter scale?

a)

the richter scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake

b)

earthquakes with equal ratings do not have the same severeity

c)

the richter scale allows us to make predictions of earthquake severity

d)

each step of the scale represents a 30-fold increase in energy released

36.

what determines the severity of volcanic eruptions

a)

composition of magma

b)

size of the volcano

c)

frequency of eruptions

d)

number of vents

37.

an igneous rock forms when molten rock

a)

cools

b)

hardens

c)

crystallizes

d)

all of the above

38.

which of the following statements is not true about sedimentary rock

a)

they are formed from compressed layers of sediment

b)

they are formed when dissolved minerals fuse sediments together

c)

they may contain old rocks

d)

they are completely inorganic

39.

almost all weather occurs in the

a)

troposphere

b)

stratosphere

c)

mesosphere

d)

thermosphere

40.

of all the atmospheric layers, the troposphere has the

a)

highest temperature

b)

lowest temperature

c)

highest density

d)

lowest density

41.

as distance from earth's surface increases, the temperature in the stratosphere

a)

decreases

b)

increases

c)

remains the same

d)

none of the above

42.

ozone molecules are destroyed by

a)

carbon dioxide molecules

b)

chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

c)

deoxyribonucleic acids

d)

ultraviolet radiation

43.

what waste product is released during photosynthesis is necessary for the survival of animals

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

nitrogen

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon monoxide

44.

What does not produce carbon dioxide?

a)

photosynthesis

b)

animal respirations

c)

burning fossil fuels

d)

plant decay

45.

How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle

a)

respiration and photosynthesis

b)

decomposition and respiration

c)

photosynthesis and feeding

d)

feeding and respiration

46.

What molecule do trees get their carbon from

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen

c)

nitrogen

d)

protein

47.

how does most of the carbon get into the atmosphere today

a)

photosynthesis

b)

decay

c)

fossil fuel combustion

d)

respiration

48.

what is the most common way that nitrogen fixation occurs

a)

nitrogen fixing bacteria

b)

lightning

c)

fossil fuel combustion

d)

forest fires

49.

which process releases nitrogen back into the atmosphere

a)

denitrification

b)

decay

c)

nitrogen fixation

d)

nitrification

50.

once bacteria have fixed nitrogen it can be taken up into plants and animals where it is used in the production of

a)

nitrogen oxides

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

energy

51.

nonpolar molecules have

a)

no negative or positive ends

b)

both negative and positive ends

c)

only negative end

d)

only positive end

52.

when placed in the same container oil and water do not mix because

a)

they are both polar

b)

water is polar and oil is nonpolar

c)

they are both nonpolar

d)

water is nonpolar and oil is polar

53.

which is not a unique property of water

a)

frozen water floats

b)

water retains large amount of heat

c)

water molecules stick to each other

d)

water cools rapidly

54.

a water strider can "skate" along the top of a pond because

a)

covalent bonds result in water cohesion

b)

water striders have adapted to take advantage of water cohesion

c)

hydrogen bonds result in water cohesion (surface tension)

d)

low surface tension of water

55.

______ clouds form at various altitudes from 500 m to 12 km

a)

stratus

b)

cirrus

c)

cumulus

d)

rain

56.

clouds that are layers and sheet-like are

a)

cirrus

b)

stratus

c)

cumulus

d)

cirrostratus

57.

the clouds that occur at the highest altitude are usually

a)

cirrus

b)

stratus

c)

cumulus

d)

nimbus

58.

which cloud type is typically associated with thunderstorms

a)

cirrostratus

b)

altocumulus

c)

cumulonimbus

d)

cirrocumulus

59.

unlike climate weather

a)

changes from day to day

b)

is the average weather of a region

c)

is the weather conditions over many years

d)

none of the above

60.

with the input of solar energy water changes from a liquid to a gas during the process of

a)

condensation

b)

precipitation

c)

evaporation

d)

neutralization

61.

sheet like clouds are called

a)

cirrus

b)

stratus

c)

cumulus

d)

nimbus

62.

air becomes wind as it flows from

a)

low pressure to low pressure

b)

high pressure to high pressure

c)

low pressure to high pressure

d)

high pressure to low pressure

63.

hurricanes rotate counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere because of the

a)

doppler effect

b)

coriolis effect

c)

tilt of the earth

d)

greenhouse effect

64.

an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving

a)

universe

b)

red shift

c)

blue shift

d)

big bang theory

e)

doppler effect

65.

theory that all matter and energy in the universe exploded ten to twenty billion years ago and began expanding in all directions

a)

universe

b)

red shift

c)

blue shift

d)

big bang theory

e)

doppler effect

66.

apparent shift toward shorter wavelengths of light when a luminous object moves toward the viewer

a)

universe

b)

red shift

c)

blue shift

d)

big bang theory

e)

doppler effect

67.

sum of all space matter and energy

a)

universe

b)

red shift

c)

blue shift

d)

big bang theory

e)

doppler effect

68.

apparent shift toward longer wavelengths of light when a luminous object moves away from the viewer

a)

universe

b)

red shift

c)

blue shift

d)

big bang theory

e)

doppler effect

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