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Year 10 Mutations to Evolution Review

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

Albert Einstein

c)

Steven Hawking

d)

Isaac Newton

2.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
3.

What are the TWO most studied animals in the Galapagos in terms of Evolution?

a)

Finches

b)

Tortoises

c)

Peppered moths

d)

Lizards

e)

Year 10 students

4.

The theory of evolution by natural selection means that what is changing over time?

a)

The inherited traits of a population.

b)

The acquired traits of a population.

c)

Hair color and eye color

d)

Attractive features.

5.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

a)

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

b)

Because they come from dominant alleles.

c)

Because they come from recessive alleles.

d)

Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

6.

The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called

a)

genes.

b)

variations.

c)

traits.

d)

theories.

7.

What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

camouflage

d)

adaptation

8.
The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
a)
Dark moth
b)
Light moth
c)
Both will be equally successful
d)
Neither will be successful
9.
Since the 1800s humans have stopped burning coal, and the trees have returned to their original color. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
a)
Dark moth
b)
Light moth
c)
Both will be equally successful
d)
Neither will be successful
10.

An error in DNA copying that results in a new trait

a)

Paper Jam

b)

Mutation

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Evolution

11.
What is this an example of?
a)
vestigial structures
b)
embryology
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil record
12.
Which layer is the oldest?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
13.
Predict which moth would increase in population
a)
light 
b)
dark
14.
The cause of artificial selection is…
a)
The environment
b)
Humans
c)
Mutation
d)
Gene Flow
15.
Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________
a)
increase in number
b)
become extinct
16.
Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale? 
a)
Hippopotamus 
b)
Baleen Whale
c)
Grazing Mammals
d)
Camels
17.

The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution. How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?

a)

Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.

b)

Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.

c)

Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.

d)

Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.

18.
A remnant or trace of an organism from the past is called a _______.
a)
Ancestor
b)
Skeleton
c)
Fossil
d)
Imprints
19.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the tailbone of a human
20.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
21.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
 fitness
22.
Who was the naturalist that traveled the world to study plants and animals?
a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Charles Barkley
d)
Isaac Newton
23.
What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?
a)
Their feathers 
b)
Genotypes 
c)
Their beaks
d)
Their body sizes
24.
The white feathers of a snowy owl allow it to blend in with its environment during the winter months (snow). This is an example of ________________
a)
Species
b)
Environmental Change
c)
Adaptation
d)
Variation
25.
The struggle for existence against other members of an organisms species is
a)
Competition
b)
Natural Selection
c)
gene flow
d)
genetic drift
26.
Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the process of natural selection?
a)
Overpopulation
b)
Fossils
c)
Competition
d)
Variations
27.
A well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations is called a(an):
a)
hypothesis
b)
experiment
c)
cause and effect
d)
scientific theory
28.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
29.
what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?
a)
different species on different islands
b)
all species on one of the islands
c)
identical species on all the islands
d)
the same species as North America
30.
which of the folllowing is an exammple of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the wings of an ostrich
31.

What is suggested by the anatomical similarity of different species of vertebrates?

a)

no evolutionary relationships between the groups

b)

recent common ancestry

c)

similar environments in the past

d)

evolution from a distant common ancestor

32.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
33.

The more genetic variation a population has,

the more likely it is for some individuals to

a)

evolve

b)

migrate

c)

survive

d)

mutate

34.
Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene.  The change is called a(n)
a)
mutation
b)
gene flow
c)
gene pool
d)
allele
35.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of the organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, not for the population
d)
Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population
36.
What is speciation?
a)
combining of tow species to form one with different traits
b)
isolation that affects mating behaviors
c)
timing of mating that prevents normal sexual selection
d)
divergence of two or more species from an existing one
37.
An earthquake causes an ocean channel top open and separate an island into two.  the species on each section are now in
a)
geographic isoliation
b)
behavioral isolation
c)
disruptive selection
d)
temporal isolation
38.
What kid of isolation occurs when two populations of birds have different courtship dances?
a)
geographic
b)
sexual
c)
temporal
d)
behavioral
39.
two species are in different environments and look very similar.  However, that are not closely related (analogous).  Their resemblance is most likely an example of.
a)
sexual selection
b)
temporal isolation
c)
convergent evolution
d)
divergent evolution
40.

Natural selection could not occur without

a)

geographic isolation

b)

variation in the population

c)

stable environments

d)

competition for unlimited resources

41.
The study of the early stages of development that is one evidence of evolution is:
a)
Homologous Structures
b)
Embryology
c)
Vestigial Organs
42.
Some organisms have genes that improve their ability to survive and reproduce. If the gene also help their offspring survive and reproduce, then which of the following will most likely increase?
a)
The number of genes in a species
b)
The frequency of genes in a population
c)
The frequency of genes in one individual 
43.
Which of the following statements best explains why some mosquitoes survived after the first spraying?
a)
Some mosquitoes had a genetic mutation that made them resistant to the insecticide
b)
A.  All mosquitoes had a genetic mutation that made them resistant to the insecticide
c)
A.  None of the mosquitoes had a genetic mutation that made them resistant to the pesticide
44.
The table shows the survival rate of two types of beetles in the same environment over a period of three years.  

Which statement about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?
a)
Brown beetles have a shorter life cycle than green beetles have
b)
Green beetles are more fit for their environment than brown beetles
c)
 brown beetles are undergo more unfavorable mutations than green beetles
45.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to: 
a)
Species I
b)
Species II
c)
Species III
d)
Species IV
46.
Scientist sometimes compare the limbs of these organisms to look for evidence of common ancestry.
These limbs provide evidence of common ancestry because they— 
a)
have the same basic structure
b)
are the same size
c)
are parts of mammals
d)
perform the same function
47.
Mutations are__________
a)
Harmful
b)
Harmful or beneficial
c)
Neutral
d)
Harmful, neutral, or beneficial
48.

Environmental factors such as chemicals, radiation, virus etc. that can induce mutation are called

a)

mutagens

b)

mutations

c)

mutineers

d)

muttoneers

49.

Which of the following is not a mutagen?

a)

Ionising radiation

b)

Certain chemicals

c)

Extend temperature fluctuations

d)

Spiders

50.

A mutation which would not be inheritable, would most likely be:

a)

Somatic

b)

Germ line

c)

Sex linked

d)

Extra fingers

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