WorksheetsCell Wall & Capsule
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 42mins
The type of bond or linkage associated with the monomers of the peptidoglycan in Bacteria & Archaea
1,4 α glycosidic linkage & 1,3 β glycosidic linkage
1,4 β & 1,3 β glycosidic linkage
1,4 β & 1,6 β glycosidic linkage
1,4 α & 1,6 α glycosidic linkage
To which organism this cell wall polysacchrides belongs to
Bacteria
Bacteria & Archaea
Archaea
Plant
In a cell wall of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria the amino acids side chains linked by
pentaglycine interbridge & direct linkage between amino acid 3 & 4
Pentaglycine interbridge & direct linkage between amino acid 4 & 3
direct linkage between amino acid 3 & 4 & pentaglycine interbridge
direct linkage between amino acid 4 & 3; pentaglycine interbridge
The other name for DD transpeptidase enzyme is
Glycosylase
Penicillin binding protein
Peptidyl transferease
Muco peptidase
Lysozyme was an enzyme effective against Bacteria only but ineffective against Archaea because
it hydrolyze the β-1,4 linkage & NOT β-1,3 glycosidic linkage
it hydrolyze the β-1,3 linkage & NOT the β-1,4 glycosidic linkage
it hydrolyze β-1,3 & NOT β-1,6 glycosidic linkage
it hydrolyze both β-1,3 & 1,6 linkage but NOT β1,3 glycosidic linkage
In bacterial cells wall, the property of diamino acids play a vital role in (i) peptide linking itself to adjacent amino acid in the tetraamino acid side chain (ii) the cross linking of one peptide chain to another peptide chain leading to a two dimensional framework that gives rigidity and strength, the commonly noticed diamino acids are, identify the common diamino acids
glutamic acid; lysine
glutamate, alanine
diamino pimelic acid, lysine
lysine and alanine
S-layers are considered as a part of the cell envelope, identify CORRECT characteristics of S layers
(i) present in certain Archaea & Bacteria like Spirillum
(ii) made up of proteins or glycoproteins
(iii) in certain Archaea its only a layer external to cell
membrane could serve as cell wall
(iv) sites were exoenzymes secreted bound to cell surface
both (i) & (ii)
(i), (ii) & (iii)
(iii) & (iv)
(i) alone
Teichoic acids are commonly present in the cell wall of Gram positive bacteria, it is made up of monomer(s)
polyglycerol phosphate
polyribitol phosphate
both
glucuronic acid
The order in which the staining solutions were added to the cells for Gram staining is
(i) mordant-primary stain -counter stain - decolorization
(ii) primary stain - counter stain - decolourization - mordant
(iii) primary stain -mordant - decolourization - counter stain
(iv) primary stain - decolourization - mordant - secondary stain
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Regarding the bacterial cell wall monomer synthesis, identify the correct order:
(i) NAG <NAM <NAM-pentapeptide
(ii) NAM <NAG < NAG-pentapeptide
(iii) UDP-NAG < UDP-NAM <UDP-murymyl pentapepetide
(iv) UDP-NAM < UDP-NAG <UDP-NAG muryml pentapeptide
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Identify the correct statement, application of antibiotic cycloserine during a bacterial cell wall synthesis could influence on
(i) the transpeptidation reactions (DD transpeptidase)
(ii) the β 1,4 glycosidic linkages
(iii) racemase & synthetases that makes the amino acids
(iv) the addition of unique diamino acids
All the statements correct
both (i) and (ii)
(i), (ii) & (iii)
(iii) alone
Identify the correct order of the steps involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan:
(i) transpeptidation reactions
(ii) peptidoglycan polymerized on outer surface of membrane
(iii) attached to lipid carrier & transferred across the membrane
(iv) UDP derivatives of amino sugar made in cytosol
(iv) > (iii) > (ii) >(i)
(iv) > (i) > (ii) > (iv)
(iii) > (ii) < (i) < (iv)
(iv) > (ii) > (iii) > (i)
Identify the correct statement(s) describing the function of transglycosylase and transpeptidase in the cell wall synthesis (i) Transglycosylase causes non hydrolytic joining of peptidoglycan monomers in a chain & transpeptidase cross links the chains to give strength (ii) transglycosylase can also insert new monomers in the breaks of peptidoglycan & transpeptidases are bound by penicillin & cephalosporins
(iii) both the enzymes play role in the cell membrane synthesis also
(iv) in the absence of these enzymes activities the osmotic pressure inside the cell increases
(i) alone
(i), (ii) & (iii)
All the statements are correct
(i) and (ii) only
Bacteria is growing in an environment, due to the constant uptake of nutrients, the cells undergoes binary fission and increase in size, enzyme(s) that may play role includes
autolysin
transpeptidases
glycosylase
autolysin & transpeptidases
The order in which important functional groups are present in the N-acetyl muramic acid is
R-NH2 < CH3-CH2-COO- < R-C=O-CH3
CH3-CH2-COO- < R-NH2 < R-C=O-CH3
R-NH2 < R-C=O-CH3 < CH3-CH2-COO-
R-NH2 < CH2OH < CH3-CH2-COO-
What could be the size of the globular uncharged protein that can pass inside the cell wall?
100 kDa
1000 kDa
20-50 kDa
<10 kDa
Identify the CORRECT statements related to lipid carrier involved in the cell wall synthesis:
(i) it is also called as undecaprenyl phosphate or bactoprenol
(ii) it is made up of C55 isoprenoid phosphate units
(iii) It as acts as carrier only for the peptidoglycan
(iv) a similar compounds, dolichol phosphate is used in eukaryotes to transport oligosaccharides across endoplasmic reticulum
(i), (ii) & (iv)
(i) & (ii)
(i), (ii) & (iii)
(i) & (iii)
All statements correct
When a growing bacterial cell was subjected to treatment with different chemicals like (1) Lysozyme (2) penicillin,
which of the following statements are CORRECT
(i) both effectively killed the bacteria
(ii) penicillin may be effective since it only can act on the growing cells
(iii) lysozyme was effective as it can hydrolyze the previously available β 1,4 linkages
(iv) penicillin can kill the cell by inhibiting the activity of transpeptidase enzyme
(i) alone
(ii) & (iv)
(ii) alone
(ii) & (iii)
Identify the organisms and their respective oral disease
(i) Streptococcus mutans - A (rarely associated with cavity);
(ii) Solobacterium moorei - B (tooth decay & cavity);
(iii) Porphyromonas gingivalis - C (halitosis);
(iv) Streptococcus sobrinus - D (gingivitis)
(i) - A; (ii) - D; (iii) - C; (iv) - B
(i) - B; (ii) - C; (iii) - D; (iv) A
(i) - B; (ii) - D; (iii) - C; (iv) A
(i) - A; (ii) - B; (iii) - C; (iv) - B
Identify the CORRECT statement(s) related to the function of capsules
(i) capsules can be virulent factors
(ii) protect against opsonophagocytosis and complement mediated killing
(iii) protect only against opsonophagocytosis & ineffective against complement mediated killing
(iv) capsule provokes activated complement activity on the cell
(i)
(i), (iii) & (iv)
(i) & (ii)
(iv) alone
Find out the CORRECT statement(s) related to capsule composition
(i) Hyaluronic acid is heteropolymer capsule
(ii) polypeptide based capsule common in Bacillus anthracis
(iii) dextran is an hetero polymer of lactic acid bacteria
(iv) encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans capsule composed of glucuronoxylomannan and glucuronoxylomannogalactan
(i), (ii) & (iv)
(i) & (ii)
(i), (ii) & (iii)
(iii) alone
Match the capsule and their respective monomers
(i) Leuconostoc mesenteroides - A (γ, D glutamic acid)
(ii) Bacillus anthracis - B (dextran)
(iii) Streptococcus spp - C (polyglucose glucuronate)
(iv) Streptococcus pneumoniae - D (Hyaluronic acid)
(i) - D; (ii) - A; (iii) - D; (iv) C
(i) - B; (ii) - A; (iii) - D; (iv) C
(i) - B; (ii) - A; (iii) -C; (iv) D
(i) - B; (ii) - D; (iii) -C; (iv) A
Identify the CORRECT statements related to slime of the bacteria
(i) slime layers of Cytophaga & Flavobacterium helps in gliding motility
(ii) Cytophaga hutchinsonii produces a heteropolysaccharide of arabinose, glucose, mannose, xylose, and glucuronic acid. (iii) Flavobacterium johnsoniae possess a slime made up of sulfonolipid
(iv) slime is synthesized only under high C and less N nutritional condition
(i), (ii) & (iii)
only (iv)
(i) & (Ii)
only (i)
Identify the bold & underlined letter related terms.
The type of amino acids commonly found in the capsule is…A..form. Capsule is rarely found in the yeast an example is…B…. Sometimes capsules found to house…C…enzymes that could aid in cellulose and chitin degradation. If the capsule is removed the cells will...D..in the laboratory condition
A- D-form; B-Candida tropicalis; C-extracellular; D-die
A- L form; B-Cryptococcus neoformans ; C- Cell bound extracellular; D-survive
A- L or D forms; B-Candida tropicalis; C-exoenzyme; D-become static
A- L form; B-Cryptococcus neoformans; C- cell endoenzyme; D-still grow & multiply
Quellung reaction is a method of staining used to visualize
S. pneumononiae-capsule
S. mutans - capsule
Sphaerotilus natans - sheath
Flavobacterium - slime
Trace the process/organism/structure CORRECTLY
Identify in the below diagram…A…. This structure plays a major role in the methanogen….B……since it is a …C…..bacteria, presence of such structure could play a role is …..D…..
A- cell wall; B- Methanocaldococcus; C- cell wall less; D- Transport
A-is S layer; B-Methanobacterium; C-capuslated; D-attachment
A-is capsule; B-Methanocaldococcus; C-encapsulated; D-prevent phagocytosis
A-is S layer; B-Methanocaldococcus; C-cell wall less; D- transport
