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APsychUnit2a: Biology/Neuroscience, Social Psych, NatureVNurture

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 1hrs 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of these subsystems controls our "fight or flight" response, when we get scared or angry?

a)

Sympathetic

b)

Parasympathetic

c)

Somatic

d)

Peripheral

2.

After a stressful or scary situation, your body starts to calm back down. What subsystem controls this shift back to regular functioning?

a)

Sympathetic

b)

Parasympathetic

c)

Somatic

d)

Peripheral

3.

Messages are sent from one neuron to another by flooding the gap between the neurons, called a ______________, with neurotransmitters.

a)

Terminal

b)

Synapse

c)

Dendrite

d)

Receptor

4.

The basic functions that we need to survive- like breathing and heartbeat,are mainly controlled in which section of the brain?

a)

Brainstem

b)

Cerebellum

c)

Midbrain

d)

Forebrain

5.

Please select the structure that is not part of the limbic system

a)

Medulla

b)

Amygdala

c)

Hypothalamus

d)

Hippocampus

6.

Which section of the brain takes care of complex tasks like language, problem solving, and thinking?

a)

Cerebral Cortex

b)

Amygdala

c)

Corpus Callosum

d)

Cerebellum

7.

The hemispheres of the brain are connected through the _______________, which allows the sides to communicate.

a)

Cerebral Cortex

b)

Amygdala

c)

Corpus Callosum

d)

Cerebellum

8.

What lobe of the brain controls hearing, left-side Language (Wernickes) and some memory functions?

a)

Frontal

b)

Parietal

c)

Temporal

d)

Occipital

9.

What lobe of the brain helps us perceive objects in space, and process body sensations (except smell) like touch/temperature/pain/pressure?

a)

Frontal

b)

Parietal

c)

Temporal

d)

Occipital

10.

What lobe of the brain processes visual information?

a)

Frontal

b)

Parietal

c)

Temporal

d)

Occipital

11.

What lobe of the brain handles complex tasks like problem solving, forethought and planning as well as voluntary muscle movement including, on the left side, speech (Brocas Area)?

a)

Frontal

b)

Parietal

c)

Temporal

d)

Occipital

12.

The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased when the axon is encased by a(n)

a)

synaptic vesicle.

b)

pituitary gland.

c)

endocrine gland.

d)

myelin sheath.

13.

Which of the following structures in the brainstem, locates above the medulla, helps coordinate movements from the forebrain and primarily is involved in sleep&awake cycles, attention, equilibrium, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture?

a)

thalamus

b)

hippocampus

c)

reticular formation

d)

pons

14.

Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories?

a)

medulla

b)

hippocampus

c)

thalamus

d)

hypothalamus

15.

If a blind person uses one finger to read Braille, the brain area dedicated to that finger expands as the sense of touch invades the visual cortex and now the brain has grown/changed in how it processes vision. This is an example of

a)

integrated association areas.

b)

brain plasticity.

c)

hemispheric specialization.

d)

neural transformation.

16.

Part of limbic system that plays key roles in Emotional reactions to sensory info--especially fear, excitement, and arousal

a)

amygdala

b)

Broca's area

c)

Wernicke's area

d)

frontal cortex

17.

Language-production area in the prefrontal cortex that helps to control speech production (sounds & mechanics)

a)

Broca's area

b)

auditory cortex

c)

visual cortex

d)

Wernicke's area

18.

Brain structure responsible for hand-eye coordinate and/or sense of balance

a)

chromosome

b)

gene

c)

endorphin

d)

cerebellum

19.
system of glands and hormones that controls secretion of blood-borne chemical messengers
a)
endocrine system
b)
limbic system
c)
nervous system
d)
immune sys
20.
emotional center of brain that also plays roles in smell, motivation, memory
a)
endocrine system
b)
nervous system
c)
limbic system
d)
gland system
21.
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the 
a)
motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere
b)
motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the right hemisphere
c)
motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere
d)
motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere 
22.

You eat some bad sushi from Turk's and feel that you're slowly losing control over your muscles and your memory is getting confused. The bacteria you ingested from the bad sushi most likely interferes with the use of

a)

serotonin

b)

insulin

c)

acetylcholine

d)

thorazine

23.

A spinal reflex differs from a normal sensory and motor reaction in that

a)

a spinal reflex occurs only in response to extremely stressful stimuli.

b)

In a spinal reflect, the spine moves the muscles as soon as the sensory information reaches the spine (sensory info does NOT go to the brain).

c)

spinal reflexes are part of the central nervous system response, not the peripheral

d)

spinal reflexes occur only in animals because humans are born without instinctual responses.

24.

Antidepressant drugs like Prozac are often used to treat mood disorders. According to what you know about their function, which neurotransmitter system do these types of drugs try to affect?

a)

serotonin

b)

adrenaline

c)

acetylcholine

d)

endorphins

25.
Loss of the ability of the brain to produce adequate levels of dopamine often leads to
a)
aphasia
b)
Alzheimer's disease
c)
Parkinson's disease
d)
bipolar disorder
26.
What natural morphine does the body create that is considered a “runner’s high”
a)
Dopamine
b)
Serotonin
c)
Glutamate
d)
Endorphins
27.
Drugs that occupy(block) receptors but do not activate them are called?
a)
Antagonists
b)
Agonists
c)
Acetylcholine
d)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
28.
Which type of neuron carries information from the CNS to the muscles and glands?
a)
Neurotransmitter
b)
Motor Neuron
c)
Sensory Neuron
d)
Interneurons
29.

In what order does an electrical impulse travel through a neuron?

a)

Nucleus, cell body, Dendrite, axon terminal, axon

b)

Synapse, Nucleus, Dendrite, Axon

c)

Dendrite, Cell Body, Axon, Axon Terminals

d)

Cell Body, Dendrite, Axon Terminals, Synapse

30.
What is the difference between the Somatic Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System?
a)
Somatic controls involuntary muscle movements while Autonomic controls voluntary movements.
b)
Somatic controls voluntary muscle movements while Autonomic controls involuntary movements.
c)
The Somatic can be further subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
d)
Somatic controls breathing, heartbeat, and blinking while Autonomic controls running, jumping, and walking.
31.
A nerve cell that is the basic working unit of the brain and nervous system which processes and transmits information
a)
axon
b)
neuron
c)
dendrite
d)
neurotransmitter
32.
These connect Sensory and Motor Neurons to each other and are located in the brain and spinal cord
a)
Sensory Neurons
b)
Motor Neurons
c)
Interneurons
d)
Afferent Neurons
33.
These carry signals from tissues and organs to the brain and spinal cord
a)
Sensory Neurons
b)
Motor Neurons
c)
Efferent Neurons
d)
Glial Cells
34.

Which neurotransmitter inhibits/blocks brain activity?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

GABA

c)

Endorphins

d)

Dopamine

35.

The Fundamental Attribution Error refers to our tendency to overestimate______ and underestimate _________.

a)

normative influences; informational influences

b)

personal dispositions; situational influences

c)

situational influences; personal dispositions

d)

informational influences; normative influences

36.

The tendency to comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request is known as...

a)

Bystander Effect

b)

Attribution Theory

c)

Foot-in-the-Door Phenonomon

d)

Groupthink

37.

At a large rock concert, Carmen lost her inhibitions and acted in a way not consistent with her personality. What best explains this?

a)

Deindividuation

b)

Bystander Effect

c)

Social Facilitation

d)

Mere Exposure Effect

38.

A business leader who welcomes a variety of opinions from her employees and invites expert critique of protocols while playing "devil's advocate" against the status-quo would most limit what from developing in the company during discussions in meetings?

a)

Cognitive Dissonance

b)

Social Inhibition

c)

Social Loafing

d)

Groupthink

39.
Lance is in cross country runner.  He tends to run faster when he is running with someone than when he is running alone.  This is an example of...
a)
social facilitation
b)
bystander effect
c)
foot-in-the-door phenomenon
d)
mere exposure effect
40.
Kelvin witnesses a bad car accident on his way to school.  He doesn't stop and help because there are more people in the area who can help.  This is an example of...
a)
social inhibition
b)
social facilitation
c)
fundamental attribution error
d)
bystander effect
41.
Two neighborhoods were frequently at odds with each other until a tornado struck the area and they had to work together to clean up and rebuild.  This is an example of...
a)
mere exposure effect
b)
groupthink
c)
superordinate goals
d)
deindividuation
42.
What was the experiment on conformity where subjects knowingly gave incorrect answers to conform to the group norm?
a)
Stanford Prison Experiment
b)
Asch Experiment
c)
Milgram Experiment
d)
Bjorner & Lowe Experiment
43.
Lacey watched documentary on chicken farming and processing practices.  She then decided to stop eating chicken.  This is an example of...
a)
Deindividuation
b)
social facilitation
c)
informational social influecne
d)
normative social influence
44.

In Milgram's shocking study on obedience, two-thirds of the subjects...

a)

refused to shock the learner even once

b)

complied with the experiment until the learner started crying out in pain

c)

continued with the experiment until the learner began begging for it to stop

d)

continued all the way to 450 volts

45.
When Devin failed to make the cast of the high school musical, he vandalized the sets of the play.  His behavior is an example of...
a)
group polarization
b)
mere exposure theory
c)
deindividuation
d)
frustration-agression principle
46.
During lunch a group of high school students who were all prejudiced discussed racial issues.  As the discussion progressed, they became increasingly more prejudiced.  This is an example of...
a)
bystander effect
b)
mere exposure effect
c)
group polarization
d)
social facilitation
47.

The belief that those who suffer deserve their fate, or karma, is expressed in the...

a)

just-world phenomenon

b)

phenomenon of in-group bias

c)

out-group bias phenomenon

d)

mirror-image perception principle

48.

Leah asks her teacher to delay the test a day; when the teacher refuses she asks for 10 minutes to study prior.

a)

Door-in-the-face

b)

Group polarization

c)

Social inhibition

d)

Social facilitation

49.
Zimbardo's most famous experiment involved...
a)
a fake prison in the Stanford University basement.
b)
observing whether the children to whom he gave marshmallows could delay gratification.
c)
showing people lines and observing their degree of conformity to the judgement of others.
d)
ordering participants to give supposed electric shocks to fake participants in order to judge their obedience to authority.
50.
Mabel conforms to her company's rules because she wants to be liked and accepted by her colleagues. This is an example of conforming due to...
a)
normative influence.
b)
obedience.
c)
informational influence.
d)
cultural background.
51.
Prejudice is a(n) _____ while discrimination is a(n) _____.
a)
behavior; attitude
b)
instinct; choice
c)
attitude; behavior
d)
choice; instinct
52.
___ states that the more we see or experience of something, the more we will like it.
a)
The Social Thinking Theory
b)
Attraction
c)
The Mere Exposure Effect
d)
Foot in the Door 
53.
___ is when one's attitudes don't match his/her feelings.
a)
Obedience to Authority
b)
Cognitive Dissonance 
c)
Conformity
d)
Social Influence
54.

Research on physical attractiveness has shown that, according to the Halo-Effect,

a)

most people disregard physical attractiveness when forming first impressions of others

b)

desirable personality characteristics are typically ascribed to good-looking people

c)

good-looking people tend to be viewed as less intelligent and competent

d)

men are less likely than women to make biased judgments of others based on physical appearance

55.
A student has just failed a psychology exam. Which of the following explanations is LEAST likely to be evidence of the self-serving bias?
a)
My teacher hates me
b)
That material was so hard that no one could have passed that class
c)
I didn't study hard enough
d)
That room was too hot for me to concentrate.
56.
The Stanford Prison Experiment showed the world that people will: 
a)
Readily Conform to Social Roles
b)
Misbehave when Unsupervised
c)
Behave According to Disposition
d)
Always treat prisoners unfairly
57.
When our beliefs about another person or ourselves lead us to act in a way that brings about the behaviors we expect and confirms our original impression.
a)
The Rosenhahn Effect
b)
Self-fullfilling prophecy
c)
The Gypsy Hypothesis
d)
Turner effect
58.
Social Psychology is the study of how we _________ one another.
a)
think about, relate to, and influence 
b)
understand, feel about, and behave toward
c)
perceive, think about, and talk about
d)
observe, understand, and communicate with 
59.

Helping others without benefit to oneself

a)

culture

b)

superordinate

c)

altruism

d)

halo effect

60.

This picture demonstrates...

a)

Diffusion of Responsibility

b)

Risk Shift

c)

Group Polarization

d)

Evaluation Apprehension

61.

What type of advertising strategy is used in the above image?

a)

Informational Persuasion

b)

Central Route Persuasion

c)

Peripheral Route Persuasion

d)

Normative Persuasion

62.

Kari felt obligated to purchase a Coke after coming into the restaurant just to use the McDonald's bathrooms. This is an example of...

a)

social facilitation

b)

reciprocity norm

c)

bystander effect

d)

just-world phenomenon

63.

The tendency of people to exert less effort when they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal.

a)

deindividuation

b)

bystander effect

c)

social loafing

d)

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

64.
Tyler insists that his girlfriend's car accident was a result of her bad driving not the snowy conditions.  This illustrates...
a)
Groupthink
b)
Situational Attribution Error
c)
Fundamental Attribution Error
d)
Dispositional Attribution Error
65.
Inherited genetic characteristics versus environment and social learning is also called
a)
achievement versus failure.
b)
nature versus nurture.
c)
resocialization versus instinct.
d)
looking-glass self versus generalized other.
66.
A process in which individuals with certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits is called
a)
artificial selection
b)
natural selection
c)
extinction
d)
speciation
67.

Identical Twins share the same genetic make up.

a)

True

b)

False

68.
Why are norms important to culture?
a)
they are a shared set of beliefs
b)
they identify behavior that is acceptable or unacceptable
c)
shared values
d)
it shows the differences in cultures
69.

When a culture expects differences between men and women behavior this is known as:

a)

gender types

b)

gender roles

c)

gender influence

d)

gender bias

70.
Why do men and women behave differently?
a)
biological influences
b)
sociological influences
c)
both biological and sociological influences
d)
neither biological or sociological influences
71.

While traveling to Peru you feel a little strange because everyone around you is speaking Spanish and you only speak English.

a)

You feel like part of the in-group

b)

You realize you are in the out-group

c)

This exemplifies the social awareness theory

d)

You are experiencing linguistic determinism

72.

Those people raised without the influence of a cultural environment.

a)

Instinct

b)

Feral Children

c)

Personality

d)

Eli Whiteside

73.

When our actions and attitudes differ, we may experience

a)

Negative beliefs

b)

Cognitive dissonance

c)

Positive reinforcement

d)

Central route persuasion

74.
Traits that people are born with or have genetically acquired
a)
andragogy
b)
heredity
c)
environment
d)
human development
75.
_________ refers to heredity, the influence of inherited characteristics on personality, physical growth, intellectual growth and social interactions. __________ refers to the influence of the environment on all of those same things and includes parenting styles, physical surroundings, economic factors, etc.
a)
Nature; Nurture
b)
Nurture; Nature
76.
Most cells in the human body contain _________ pairs of chromosomes.
a)
46
b)
15
c)
23
d)
32
77.
Chromosomes are composed of the substance ___________ which contains __________. 
a)
genes; DNA
b)
 cells; DNA
c)
 genes; cells
d)
DNA; genes
78.

During a test, Abe impulsively copied several answers from a nearby student’s paper. He felt very uncomfortable about having done this until he convinced himself that copying answers is not wrong if classmates are careless enough to expose their test sheets. Which theory best explains why Abe adopted this new attitude?

a)

Attribution theory

b)

Frustration-aggression theory

c)

Cognitive dissonance theory

d)

Social exchange theory

79.

Brittla spends a lot of money on cosmetics and expensive clothing in order to attract a desirable mate. According to evolutionary psychologists, Brittla’s behavior is a product of

a)

gender schemas

b)

collectivism.

c)

individualism.

d)

genetic predispositions.

80.

žThe acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role.

ž

žEx: Kids associate the color pink with girls and the color blue with boys because when they are younger most “girl toys” are pink and most “boy toys” are blue.

a)

gender schemas

b)

collectivism.

c)

individualism.

d)

gender typing

81.

A discussion of how genes and the environment interact and how genes change to fit the environment; the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection.

a)

Behavior Genetics

b)

Evolutionary Psychology

c)

Darwinian Psychology

d)

Nature vs Nurture

82.

The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior.

a)

Behavior Genetics

b)

Evolutionary Psychology

c)

Darwinian Psychology

d)

Nature vs Nurture

83.

The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.

a)

Culture

b)

Acculturation

c)

Collectivism

d)

Individualism

84.

Giving priority to the goals of one's group (often one's extended family or work group) rather than "self" and defining one's identity accordingly.

a)

Culture

b)

Acculturation

c)

Collectivism

d)

Individualism

85.

The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished.

a)

gender schemas

b)

social learning theory

c)

individualism theory

d)

gender typing

86.

What were the findings of the Phineas Gage research centered around?

a)

Split-Brain experiment

b)

Frontal Lobe effects personality/impulse control

c)

Acetylcholine's affect on memory

d)

More experience = More Brain

87.

What is the Hypothalamus ?

a)

Controls heart and lungs

b)

"Reward Center" ; Sleep, sex drive, and hunger, etc.

c)

Memory

d)

Fear and anger

88.

What is the Thalamus ?

a)

Controls heart and lungs

b)

Sensory secretary/switchboard

c)

Fear and anger

d)

"Reward Center"

89.
What is a pituitary gland ?
a)
Helps arouse the body in times of stress ( adrenaline )
b)
regulates growth and development of other endocrine glands
90.
electric charge on the inside and the outside of the cell membrane and is when the cell becomes positively charged
a)
polarization
b)
depolarization
91.
a)
Cerebrum
b)
Cerebellum
c)
Brain Stem
d)
Diencephalon
92.

What functions does this lobe carry out?

a)

Hearing and auditory/language processing

b)

Vision and visual-spatial processing

c)

Processing fear

d)

Judgment, impulse control, planning, & motor cortex

93.
This lobe receives and processes visual information and then sends it to other parts of the brain for further processing and storage.
a)
Occipital Lobe
b)
Parietal Lobe
c)
Temporal Lobe
d)
Frontal Lobe
94.
Wrinkled part of the brain's surface where the body processes information
a)
Forebrain
b)
Cerebral Cortex
c)
Corpus Callosum
d)
Cerebellum
95.
a)
Frontal Lobe
b)
Parietal Lobe
c)
Occiptal Lobe
d)
Temporal Lobe
96.

What part of the brain is Letter B pointing to?

a)

Right-Parietal Lobe

b)

Left-Temporal Lobe

c)

Right-Temporal Lobe

d)

Left-Parietal Lobe

97.
Brain hemisphere associated with spatial abilities and recognizing others faces
a)
Left Hemisphere
b)
Right Hemisphere
98.
Hemisphere that is associated with Verbal and Mathematical abilities
a)
Left Hemisphere
b)
Right Hemisphere
99.

Controls arousal (sleepiness, attentiveness and wakefulness)

a)

Reticular Formation

b)

Thalamus

c)

Amygdala

d)

Medulla

100.
A  person has difficulty speaking possibly due to a stroke.
a)
Broca's Aphasia
b)
Wernicke's Aphasia
c)
Visual Agnosia
d)
Neglect Syndrome
101.
Split brain operations are done to
a)
shrink tumors
b)
increase memory
c)
help speech disorders
d)
help stop seizures

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