Homogeneous and indigenous population

Emphasis on community and conformity

Families live close to each other

Well-defined gender roles

Relatively slow and limited diffusion

Primarily diffuses via relocation diffusion

Diffuses via oral traditions and stories

Buildings/houses use materials produced locally, such as stone or grass

Buildings/houses built by community or owner

Buildings/houses similar style for community

Buildings/houses different between cultures

Food locally produced

Food choices limited by tradition

Food prepared by the family or community

Spatial focus local and regional

Live in urban and connected locations

Diverse and multi-ethnic populations

Many people speak a global language such as English or Arabic

Emphasis on individualism and making choices

Families are often more dispersed

Weakly defined gender roles

Relatively rapid and extensive diffusion patterns

Often diffuses in a hierarchical fashion

Diffuses via social media and mass media (TV, radio, Internet)

Buildings/houses use materials produced in distant factories, such as steel or glass

Buildings/houses built by a business

Buildings/houses have a variety of architectural styles

Buildings/houses are similar between cities

Food is often imported

Food offers a wide range of choices

Food often purchased in restaurants

Spatial focus is national and global