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POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A technique for making millions of copies of a specific region of DNA.

a)

DNA ligase

b)

restriction enzymes

c)

gel electrophoresis

d)

polymerase chain reaction

2.

From where does Taq polymerase come?

a)

Bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents/hot springs.

b)

Cambodia

c)

The rain forest

d)

The CDC

3.
What happens in the Denature step of PCR?
a)
The DNA nucleotides are broken apart.
b)
The base-pairing rules for DNA are reversed.
c)
The double-stranded DNA is separated into two single strands of DNA.
d)
The DNA is returned to its natural setting.
4.

At what temperature does the Denature step of PCR occur?

a)

95° C

b)

50° C

c)

72° C

d)

Any temperature

5.

At what temperature does the Anneal step of PCR occur?

a)

95° C

b)

50° C

c)

72° C

d)

Any temperature

6.

At what temperature does the Extension step of PCR occur?

a)

95°C

b)

50-65°C

c)

72°C

d)

Any temperature

7.
What happens during the Anneal step of PCR?
a)
Primers are created.
b)
The primers attach to the target DNA region.
c)
Primers copy the new DNA strand.
d)
Primers sequence DNA
8.
What is the function of a primer?
a)
To identify the particular region of DNA to be copied by PCR.
b)
To copy DNA.
c)
To create DNA nucleotides.
d)
To maintain the temperature of the PCR reaction.
9.
What is the purpose of the Extension step of PCR?
a)
To create the primers.
b)
To extend the time it takes to produce DNA.
c)
To allow polymerase to create the complementary strands of DNA.
d)
To allow substrates to copy DNA sequences.
10.
Why does PCR require a specific type of polymerase?
a)
Taq polymerase can withstand the range of temperatures in PCR without denaturing.
b)
Taq polymerase is the most inexpensive type of polymerase.
c)
Taq polymerase is the most common type of polymerase.
d)
A specific type of polymerase is unnecessary.
11.
How many cycles of PCR does it take to produce a double-stranded DNA fragment of the desired length?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
12.
What type of bonds hold the two strands of DNA together?
a)
Hydrogen bonds
b)
Covalent bonds
c)
Dipole-Dipole bonds
d)
Ionic bonds
13.
What are the base-pairing rules in DNA?
a)
A-C, G-T
b)
A-U, G-C
c)
A-T, G-C
d)
A-C, G-U
14.

If the primer sequence is TCG, what section of DNA will it anneal?

a)

AGC

b)

CAT

c)

GAC

d)

ATC

15.

What is the function of DNA Polymerase?

a)

attach primers to target sequence

b)

separate the DNA

c)

attach nucleotides to the target sequence

d)

separate the fragments according to size

16.
Which of the following best describes the role of primers?
a)
Frame the beginning and end of the target sequence
b)
Copy the DNA 
c)
Cause DNA strands to separate
d)
Heat the sample
17.
PCR happens in 3 steps (denaturing, annealing, extending) or 1 "cycle". How many times are cycles typically repeated?
a)
1
b)
10
c)
30
d)
Over 1 billion
18.
You decide to use PCR to determine if you have Cystic Fibrosis, a genetic disorder. You then decide to also check if you are at risk for developing Alzheimers, another genetic disorder.
What PCR "ingredient" would be different in these two tests?
a)
Template DNA
b)
Nucleotides
c)
Taq DNA polymerase
d)
Primers
19.

How is Fast PCR able to run at such a shorter time frame

a)

Lower the temperature of Denaturation

b)

raises the temperature for annealing so that it and extension can happen almost simultaneously

c)

Shortens the time frame of denatureation

d)

all of the answers are correct

20.

If two double-stranded DNA molecules are used at the beginning of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, how many double-stranded DNA molecules can be obtained after two cycles?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

8

d)

32

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