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AP biology Unit 2

Total questions: 82

Worksheet time: 1hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What type of cell is shown in the diagram?

a)

prokaryotic

b)

eukaryotic

c)

plant

d)

animal

2.

What type of cell is being described?

has a nucleus and complex organelles and is multicellular

a)

prokaryotic

b)

bacteria

c)

plant

d)

none of the above

3.

This organelle controls what can enter and exit the cell.

a)

lysosome

b)

peroxisome

c)

plasma membrane

d)

nuclear envelope

4.

What type of molecule is this?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

protein

c)

phospholipid

d)

steroid

5.

Which part of a phospholipid is polar?

a)

the phosphate head

b)

the lipid tail

c)

both are polar

d)

neither are polar

6.

Which part of the phospholipid points outward toward the watery environments?

a)

the polar head

b)

the nonpolar head

c)

the polar tails

d)

the nonpolar tails

7.

All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell EXCEPT _____.

a)

a cell wall

b)

a plasma membrane

c)

ribosomes

d)

an endoplasmic reticulum

8.

Cell size is limited by _____.

a)

the number of proteins within the plasma membrane

b)

the surface area of mitochondria in the cytoplasm

c)

surface to volume ratios

d)

the size of the endomembrane system

9.

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

a)

chloroplast

b)

central vacuole

c)

mitochondrion

d)

cell wall

10.

What is the function of the nuclear pore complex found in eukaryotes?

a)

It regulates the movement of proteins and RNAs into and out of the nucleus

b)

It synthesizes the proteins required to copy DNA and make mRNA.

c)

It selectively transports molecules out of the nucleus, but prevents all inbound molecules from entering the nucleus.

d)

It assembles ribosomes from raw materials that are synthesized in the nucleus.

11.

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?

a)

lipids

b)

glycogen

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

12.

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

a)

lysosome

b)

vacuole

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

peroxisome

13.

A cell with an extensive area of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is specialized to _____.

a)

play a role in storage

b)

synthesize large quantities of lipids

c)

actively export protein molecules

d)

import and export protein molecules

14.

Which structure is NOT part of the endomembrane system?

a)

nuclear envelope

b)

chloroplast

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

plasma membrane

15.

Which of the following produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted?

a)

lysosome

b)

mitochondria

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

peroxisome

16.

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

a)

ER → Golgi → nucleus

b)

Golgi → ER → lysosome

c)

ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

d)

ER → lysosomes → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

17.

Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

a)

lysosome

b)

mitochondrion

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

endoplasmic reticulum

18.

Suppose a cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from _____.

a)

a bacteria

b)

an animal but not a plant

c)

nearly any eukaryotic organism

d)

a plant but not an animal

19.

Mostly water, full of dissolved ions, provides a medium for chemical reactions to occur

a)

nucleus

b)

vacuoles

c)

ribosome

d)

cytosol

20.

Where is DNA stored in eukaryotic cells?

a)

mitochondria

b)

vacuole

c)

nucleus

d)

cytosol

21.

Which substances can go through the nuclear membrane? Choose all that are correct.

a)

ribosomes

b)

RNA

c)

DNA

22.

This organelle builds new phospholipids.

a)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

b)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

ribosome

23.

What is the site of protein synthesis?

a)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

b)

vacuoles

c)

mitochondria

d)

ribosomes

24.

Which of the following is NOT true about the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

a)

makes proteins

b)

makes hormones

c)

makes steroids

d)

stores calcium

25.

What is the function of vesicles?

a)

transports materials within the cell

b)

breaks down drugs and alcohol in the body

c)

metabolizes carbohydrates

d)

sorts and modifies proteins

26.

Which organelle makes lipids, breaks down drugs & alcohol, metabolizes carbohydrates, and stores calcium?

a)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

b)

lysosomes

c)

peroxisomes

d)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

27.

What is this diagram showing?

a)

macromolecules being stored in a vacuole

b)

lysosomes releasing enzymes to break down macromolecules

c)

the Golgi apparatus is sorting materials

d)

the mitochondria creating energy for the cell

28.

The function of the Golgi apparatus is to _____.

a)

synthesis proteins

b)

synthesize lipids

c)

store calcium

d)

sort and deliver proteins

29.

Plant and animal cells both go through cellular respiration.

a)

true

b)

false

30.

What is this organelle?

a)

nucleolus

b)

mitochondria

c)

lysosome

d)

vacuole

31.

What is the function of this organelle?

a)

stores water

b)

breaks down fatty acids

c)

converts sunlight to glucose

d)

makes proteins

32.

Which organelle is NOT part of the endomembrane system?

a)

nuclear envelope

b)

plasma membrane

c)

endoplasmic reticulum

d)

vesicles

e)

lysosomes

33.
Which of the following contains the highest water potential? 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
34.
If a student was going to draw an arrow indicating the solution from the highest water potential to the lowest water potential, the arrow would be pointing 
a)
from the left to the right
b)
from the right to the left
35.
Which of the following cells would have the highest surface area to volume ratio?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
they are all the same
36.
An organism lives in the Arctic waters.  A researcher examines the cell membrane.  Which of the following represents the membrane that would be found. 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
37.
In the membrane section seen, which section would represent the non-polar section of a protein?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
38.
Researchers inserted pieces of membrane with aquaporins into frog eggs and placed the eggs into a hypotonic solution.  What did they observe?
a)
The aquaporins started to pump out water
b)
The eggs started to pump out Na+ to draw out water
c)
The eggs started to swell rapidly as water diffused inside
d)
The aquaporins started to pump in water
39.
Active transport is happening in 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D nowhere in this pricture
40.
1.  If the water potential of a cell is higher than the surrounding solution.  The water will ____.
a)
Move into the cell.
b)
Move equally in and out of the cell.
c)
Move out of the cell.
41.
Pure water has a water potential of ___.
a)
1
b)
0
c)
-1
d)
100
42.
Carrot and potato cores were placed in various sucrose solutions for 24 hours and the % change in mass was recorded and graphed.  The temperature in the room was 24 degrees celcius.  Identify the approximate concentration of sucrose in the potato cells.
a)
0.13 M
b)
0.0 M
c)
0.4 M
d)
0.33 M
43.
Carrot and potato cores were placed in various sucrose solutions for 24 hours and the % change in mass was recorded and graphed.  The temperature in the room was 24 degrees celcius.  Sucrose is too large of a molecule to cross the membrane of potato and carrot cells.  Which molecule caused the change in mass?
a)
water
b)
sucrose
c)
salt
d)
glucose
44.

Carrot and potato cores were placed in various sucrose solutions for 24 hours and the % change in mass was recorded and graphed. The temperature in the room was 24 degrees celcius. Sucrose is too large of a molecule to cross the membrane of potato and carrot cells. Calculate the water potential for the carrot cells. The ionization constant for sucrose is 1.0 M. The pressure potential is 0.

a)

-7.4 bars

b)

-8.1 M

c)

8.1 bars

d)

-3.5 bars

45.
What is the approximate sucrose concentration in the potato core?
a)
.43 M
b)
.30 M
c)
0.0 M
d)
1.0 M
46.
Which statement is correct about diffusion?
a)
It's very rapid over long distances.
b)
It's a passive process which molecules move from a region of higher to lower concentration.
c)
It requires an energy expenditure by the cell.
d)
It's an active process where molecules move from a region of lower to higher concentration.
47.
Lysosome:
a)
The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.
b)
Small sacks with pores / Contains digestive enzymes that get rid of waste, worn-out cell parts, and captured invaders.
c)
Bean-shaped organelle filled with folded membranes / Breaks down glucose to release energy for cell functions
d)
Stacks of pancake-like membranes that package materials to ship out of the cell.
48.
What 4 structures are common between plant, animal, and bacterial cells?
a)
Golgi Apparatus, Chloroplasts, Ribosomes, Nucleus
b)
Cell Wall, Mitochondria, Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm
c)
Rough ER, Smooth ER, Nucleus, Ribosomes
d)
DNA, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes, Cell membrane
49.
What is in all cells and provides protein synthesis?
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Ribosome
c)
Lysosome
d)
Chlroplast
50.
The plasma membranes of winter wheat are able to remain fluid when it is extremely cold by
a)
synthesizing new forms of cholesterol
b)
closing protein channels
c)
decreasing the number of hydrophobic proteins present
d)
replacing saturated fatty acids with unsaturated fatty acids
51.
A protein that forms an ion channel through a membrane is most likely 
a)
a peripheral membrane protein
b)
a phospholipid
c)
an enzyme.
d)
a transmembrane protein
52.
The difference between osmosis and diffusion is that
a)
diffusion is passive transport, whereas osmosis is active transport
b)
only in diffusion do molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
c)
osmosis is the opposite of diffusion and only involves the movement of water
d)
osmosis refers specifically to the movement of water, whereas diffusion refers to the movement of any type of molecules
53.
If aquaporins are injected into the membranes of epithelial cells that line blood vessels,
a)
the flow of Na+ through aquaporins will increase
b)
the intracellular concentration of K+ will increase
c)
the membranes will become more permeable to water
d)
the electrical properties of the cells will be altered
54.
A saltwater snail is placed in freshwater. What happens to its cells?
a)
They shrink
b)
They swell
c)
Nothing happens
55.
When cells are placed in a __________ solution they begin to swell.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Isotonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
Equalized
56.
Which way would the purple molecules move through the semi-permeable membrane?
a)
From the  A side  to the B-side
b)
From the B side to the A side
c)
none of the purple molecules would move
d)
they would move equally back and forth in a state of dynamic equilibrium
57.
A HYPOTONIC solution has a ______ concentration of solute than the cell and the cell will _____ when placed into a hypotonic solution.
a)
lower; swell
b)
lower; shrink
c)
higher; swell
d)
higher; shrink
58.
A HYPERTONIC solution has a _____ concentration of solute than the interior of the cell and a cell will ______ when placed into this solution.
a)
lower; shrink
b)
lower; swell
c)
higher; shrink
d)
higher; swell
59.
Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?
a)
diffusion
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
osmosis
d)
endocytosis
60.
The picture is an example of...
a)
active tranport
b)
passive transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
61.
Which of the following supports the Endosymbiotic Theory?
a)
cells produce their own proteins
b)
glycolysis is common to all cells
c)
mitochondria contain their own DNA and ribosomes
d)
chloroplasts developed from enfoldings of the cell membrane
62.
I am a protein packaging and shipping machine! Who am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
mitochondrion
d)
golgi apparatus
63.
What is found in both plant and animal cells but is much larger in plant cells?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Vacuole
64.
Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?
a)
CO2
b)
an amino acid
c)
starch
d)
glucose
65.
When a plant cell, such as one from a tulip stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?
a)
The cell membrane will lyse.
b)
The cell will burst.
c)
The cell will become turgid.
d)
Plasmolysis will shrink the interior.
66.
The LDL receptor is an integral membrane protein that crosses the plasma membrane, with portions of the protein extending both outside and into the interior of the cell. The amino acid side chains (R groups) in the region of the protein that crosses the membrane are most likely
a)
charged
b)
hydrophilic
c)
hydrophobic
d)
carbohydrates
67.
Which of the following functions as a recognition site for interactions between cells?
a)
Phospholipids
b)
Cholesterol 
c)
Fatty acids
d)
Glycolipids
68.
The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
bilipids
d)
proteins
69.
During diffusion, when the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules will
a)
move across the membrane to the outside of the cell.
b)
stop moving across the membrane.
c)
continue to move across the membrane in both directions.
d)
move across the membrane to the inside of the cell.
70.
Which means of particle transport is shown in this diagram?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
facilitated diffusion
d)
protein pump
71.
Look at the diagram of a cross-section of a cell membrane below. The cell membrane controls movement of materials into and out of the cell. The following particles are moving from high concentration to low concentration and are using a carrier protein. How would you describe this type of movement across the membrane?
a)
simple osmosis
b)
active transport
c)
simple diffusion
d)
facilitated diffusion
72.
Osmosis occurs when there is a different concentration of solute molecules on each side of the membrane. The drawing below shows a beaker containing a 30% salt solution and a suspended cell containing a 10% salt solution. What statement best describes the cell after 20 minutes?
a)
Water will move from the cell into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.
b)
Water will move from the beaker into the cell, resulting in a larger cell.
c)
Salt will move from the cell into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.
d)
Salt will move from the beaker into the cell, resulting in a larger cell.
73.
Carrot sticks that are left in a dish of freshwater for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar sticks left in a saltwater solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that the freshwater is ______ and the saltwater is ________ to the cells of the carrot sticks.
a)
hypotonic, hypertonic
b)
hypotonic, hypotonic
c)
hypertonic, hypertonic
d)
hypertonic, hypertonic
74.
In pure water, a red blood cell from an animal will swell and burst, but a leaf cell from a plant will not. Which structure in the leaf cell is responsible for this difference?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cell wall
c)
mitochondrion
d)
nucleus
75.

To transport water from the root into the shoot does the water potential in the xylem need to become more positive or negative?

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

Neither positive nor negative

76.
The soil surrounding the roots of a plant has a water potential of -15 bars. The leaves of the plant have a water potential of -18 bars.
What will happen?
a)
Water will leave the plant and the plant will wilt.
b)
Water will move from the roots to the leaves of the plant.
c)
Nothing - these solutions are isotonic.
d)
IDK - What is a bar????
77.
A sucrose solution in a beaker has a solute potential of -4 bars.  A cell with a solute potential of -2 bars is placed in the beaker.  What will be the direction for the net movement of water?
a)
into the cell
b)
out of the cell
c)
there will be no net movement
78.

Assume that the “cell” below is permeable to sucrose, glucose, and water but impermeable to starch. Which of the following statements is correct?

a)

(A) Starch will diffuse into the cell.

b)

(B) Starch will diffuse out of the cell.

c)

(C) There will be no net movement of glucose

d)

(D) Glucose will diffuse into the cell

e)

(E) Sucrose will diffuse into the cell

79.

Assume the “cell” is permeable to water only. If the cell contains a 0.3 M solution of glucose and the environment contians a 0.1 M solution of glucose, which of the following statements would be true?

a)

(A) The cell will decrease in volume.

b)

(B) Glucose will enter the “cell.”

c)

(C) Pinocytosis will occur.

d)

(D) There would be a net movement of water into the “cell.”

e)

(E) There would be no net movement of water.

80.

Which of the following molecules pass easily through the cell membrane, requiring little extra help or energy? Select all that apply.

a)

sodium

b)

glucose

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon dioxide

81.

Which of the following molecules don't pass easily through the cell membrane, requiring extra help or input of energy?

a)

sodium

b)

glucose

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon dioxide

82.
When plant cells lose water to their environment the membrane collapses.  This is called
a)
reverse osmosis
b)
active transport
c)
plasmolysis
d)
selectively permeability

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