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WorksheetsLogical Reasoning (LR101)
Total questions: 47
Worksheet time: 1hrs 23mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Is the following argument best classified as deductive or inductive?
All dogs bark. Fido is a dog, so he barks.
All dogs bark. Fido is a dog, so he barks.
a)
deductive
b)
inductive
2.
Inductive reasoning is moving from:
a)
general to particular
b)
top to bottom
c)
bottom up
d)
particular to general
3.
Inductive reasoning is based on:
a)
sylogisms
b)
generalisations
c)
conclusions
d)
reasoning
4.
What letter would designate the following categorical statement?
"Some students are not cheaters."
"Some students are not cheaters."
a)
A
b)
E
c)
I
d)
O
5.
What letter would designate the following categorical proposition?
"No student is a worthless person."
"No student is a worthless person."
a)
A
b)
E
c)
I
d)
O
6.
If the proposition "All dogs go to heaven" is true, can the proposition "Some dogs do not go to heaven" also be true?
a)
Yes
b)
No
7.
How many categories of things are in described in the following categorical syllogism:
1) All fish live under water
2) All tuna are fish
3) All tuna live under water
1) All fish live under water
2) All tuna are fish
3) All tuna live under water
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
8.
If "Some students are not cheaters" is true, which additional proposition(s) might be true?
a)
1. All students are cheaters
b)
2. Some students are cheaters
c)
3. No student is a cheater
d)
4. Both 2 and 3
9.
If "No student is a worthless person" is false, what is the status of "All students are worthless people"?
a)
True
b)
False
c)
Undetermined
10.
What kind of categorical proposition is "Some triangles are right triangles"?
a)
A
b)
E
c)
I
d)
O
11.
Is "Some students are not cheaters" logically equivalent to "Some cheaters are not students"?
a)
Yes
b)
No
12.
What is the contrapositive of "Some grass is not green"?
a)
Some green things are not grass.
b)
All grass is not green.
c)
Some non-green things are not non-grass.
d)
Some grass is non-green.
13.
Is the contrapositive of "Some grass is not green" logically equivalent?
a)
Yes
b)
No
c)
Undetermined
14.
What kind of categorical proposition is "Joe Pettit is a crazy professor"?
a)
A
b)
E
c)
I
d)
O
15.
If "Some S are P" is undetermined, what is "Some S are not P"?
a)
True
b)
False
c)
Undetermined
16.
Determine whether the stated conclusion is valid.
Given: If an animal is a dog, then they like biscuits.
Sammy is a dog.
Conclusion: Sammy likes biscuits.
Given: If an animal is a dog, then they like biscuits.
Sammy is a dog.
Conclusion: Sammy likes biscuits.
a)
Invalid
b)
Valid
c)
Sammy is a Great Dane
d)
Sammy is really a cat.
17.
Use the law of syllogism to draw a conclusion from the two given statements:
Statement 1: If you exercise regularly, then you have a healthy body
Statement 2: If you have a healthy body, then you have more energy
Statement 1: If you exercise regularly, then you have a healthy body
Statement 2: If you have a healthy body, then you have more energy
a)
You have more energy
b)
If you exercise regularly, then you have more energy
c)
You have a healthy body
d)
If you do not have a healthy body, then you do not exercise regularly
18.
What is a statement?
a)
A sentence that is definitely true
b)
A sentence that is either true or false
c)
A mathematical expression
d)
A declarative sentence that can be both true and false
19.
Let p: Upin goes to school, q: Ipin is sick. If p is true and q is false, what is the truth value for p only if q ?
a)
False
b)
True
20.
What does the shaded portion of the Venn diagram represent?
a)
Not p
b)
p
c)
p and q
d)
p or q
21.
What does the shaded portion of the Venn diagram represent?
a)
Not p
b)
p or q
c)
p and q
d)
Not q
22.
For the contrapositive we _________ the hypothesis and conclusion
a)
switch
b)
negate
c)
switch and negate
23.
For the converse we _________ the hypothesis and conclusion
a)
switch
b)
negate
c)
switch and negate
24.
Contrapositive of:
If an integer ends with 0, then it's divisible by 2.
If an integer ends with 0, then it's divisible by 2.
a)
If an integer ends with 2 then it's divisible by 0.
b)
If an integer doesn't end in 0, then it's not divisible by 2.
c)
If an integer isn't divisible by 2, then it's doesn't end in 0.
d)
If an integer is divisible by 2, then it ends with 0.
25.
Which is the converse of:
"If a figure is a circle with radius r, then its circumference in 2(pi)r."
"If a figure is a circle with radius r, then its circumference in 2(pi)r."
a)
If a figure has a circumference of 2(pi)r, then its a circle with radius r.
b)
If a figure doesn't have a circumference, then it's a circle with a radius of r.
c)
If a figure isn't a circle with radius r, then its circumference isn't 2(pi)r
d)
If a figure isn't a circle, then it doesn't have a circumference.
26.
Which of the following is a good definition?
a)
grass is green.
b)
A yard is a unit of measure exactly 3 ft long.
c)
Dinosaurs are extinct.
d)
A pound weighs more than an ounce.
27.
Which conclusion can you make?
If a whole number ends in 0, then it is divisible by 10.
If a whole number is divisible by 10, then it is divisible by 5.
If a whole number ends in 0, then it is divisible by 10.
If a whole number is divisible by 10, then it is divisible by 5.
a)
If a whole number ends in 10 then it's divisible by 0.
b)
If a whole number ends in 5, then it's divisible by 10.
c)
If a whole number ends in 0, then it's divisible by 5.
d)
No conclusion can be made.
28.
Which statement is a valid conclusion based on the argument?
If a polygon is a regular pentagon, then the polygon has exactly five congruent angles.
The polygon is a regular pentagon.
If a polygon is a regular pentagon, then the polygon has exactly five congruent angles.
The polygon is a regular pentagon.
a)
The polygon is a rectangle.
b)
The polygon is a regular quadrilateral.
c)
The polygon has exactly five congruent angles.
d)
The polygon has congruent sides.
29.
Which of the following completes the statement to form a valid conclusion?
If it is snowing heavily, then school will be canceled.
If school is canceled, the big test will not be given today.
It is snowing heavily, therefore...
If it is snowing heavily, then school will be canceled.
If school is canceled, the big test will not be given today.
It is snowing heavily, therefore...
a)
look out for the snowplows while driving to school.
b)
the big test will not be given today.
c)
the roads will be hard to drive on.
d)
you should call the school to see if school is canceled.
30.
Which statement is a valid conclusion?
If a student has a temperature of 100 or more, then he/she should stay home from school.
Jake has a temperature of 101 and Suzi has a temperature of 99.
If a student has a temperature of 100 or more, then he/she should stay home from school.
Jake has a temperature of 101 and Suzi has a temperature of 99.
a)
Both Jake and Suzi should stay home.
b)
Both should go see the school nurse.
c)
Jake should stay home, but Suzi should go to school.
d)
Suzi should stay home, but Jake should go to school.
31.
Make a valid conclusion:
If it rains then the sky is dark.
If the sky is dark, then crickets will chirp.
Laura is using her umbrella.
If it rains then the sky is dark.
If the sky is dark, then crickets will chirp.
Laura is using her umbrella.
a)
The crickets are chirping.
b)
They sky is dark.
c)
Laura is avoiding the rain.
d)
No conclusion can be made.
32.
Make a valid conclusion:
If a blub is screaming, then a frot is swimming.
If a frot is swimming, then a greep is flinging.
If a blub is screaming, then a frot is swimming.
If a frot is swimming, then a greep is flinging.
a)
A blub is flinging.
b)
If a blub is screaming, then a greep is flinging.
c)
A frot is swimming when a blub is screaming.
d)
If a greep is flinging, then a blub is screaming.
33.
Draw a conclusion from the statement.
If you are at least 25 year old, then you can rent a car.
You can rent a car
If you are at least 25 year old, then you can rent a car.
You can rent a car
a)
You are at least 25 years old
b)
You can rent a car
c)
You can go on a road trip
d)
Invalid
34.
If the binding of the book is broken, then the student will have to pay for a new one.
Michael has to pay for a new book, so he concludes the binding on his book is broken.
Is he correct?
Michael has to pay for a new book, so he concludes the binding on his book is broken.
Is he correct?
a)
Yes
b)
No
35.
Which statement is always logically equivalent to the conditional statement?
a)
Inverse
b)
Converse
c)
Contrapositive
d)
Counterexample
36.
Given
“If Jason plays basketball, then Steve sits on the bench. If Steve sits on the bench, then Ronald starts at center.”
Which of the following is a valid argument?
“If Jason plays basketball, then Steve sits on the bench. If Steve sits on the bench, then Ronald starts at center.”
Which of the following is a valid argument?
a)
If Steve sits on the bench then Jason plays basketball.
b)
If Ronald starts at center then Jason plays basketball.
c)
If Steve sits the bench then Ronald does not start at center.
d)
If Jason plays basketball then Ronald starts at center.
37.
Original: If Emily is not late to class, then she will not be marked tardy.
What is this? If Emily is late to class, then she will be marked tardy.
What is this? If Emily is late to class, then she will be marked tardy.
a)
Converse
b)
Inverse
c)
Contrapositive
d)
Negation
38.
Which statement is the contrapositive of the given statement?
If a person is a banjo player, then the person is a musician.
If a person is a banjo player, then the person is a musician.
a)
If a person is not a musician, then the person is not a banjo player.
b)
If a person is not a banjo player, then the person is a musician.
c)
If a person is not a banjo player, then the person is not a musician.
d)
If a person is a musician, then the person is a banjo player.
39.
For the contrapositive we _________ the hypothesis and conclusion
a)
switch
b)
negate
c)
switch and negate
40.
Let p represent: Brent works this summer.
Let q represent: Brent takes a vacation.
What is the symbolic representation of this statement?
Therefore, Brent does not work this summer.
Let q represent: Brent takes a vacation.
What is the symbolic representation of this statement?
Therefore, Brent does not work this summer.
a)
∴~p
b)
∴~q
c)
~p
d)
~q
41.
What does this symbol ∧ mean?
a)
and
b)
or
c)
not
d)
implies
42.
What does this symbol ∨ mean?
a)
and
b)
or
c)
not
d)
implies
43.
How are the two statements given below related to each other?
X: If you run for 10 minutes, then you will raise your heart rate.
Z: If you do not run for 10 minutes, then you will not raise your heart rate.
X: If you run for 10 minutes, then you will raise your heart rate.
Z: If you do not run for 10 minutes, then you will not raise your heart rate.
a)
Z is the contrapositive of X.
b)
Z is the converse of X.
c)
Z is the inverse of X.
d)
no idea
44.
The type of reasoning where a person makes conclusions based on observations and patterns is called...
a)
Inductive reasoning
b)
Deductive reasoning
c)
Conjecture
d)
Experiments
45.
Logic is a brand of philosophy that does not explore:
a)
deduction
b)
induction
c)
creativity
d)
rhetorics
46.
Syllogism is:
a)
valid argument
b)
argument with a conclusion based on 2 premisses
c)
argument with a conclusion based on 3 premisses
d)
an argument of any kind
47.
Given below are some characteristics of reasoning. Select the code that states a characteristic which is not of deductive reasoning: (NET: January 2017)
a)
◎ The conclusion should be supported by the premise/premises
b)
◎ The conclusion must follow from the premise/premises necessarily
c)
◎ The argument may be valid or invalid
d)
◎ The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment
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