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The Chemistry of Life

Total questions: 39

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The graph activity of which enzyme decreases in both acidic and basic environments? 
a)
chymotrypsin
b)
cholinesterase
c)
pepsin
d)
papain
2.
 Proteins have many different functions in a cell. Which of the following are possible functions of a protein?
a)
catalysts and building blocks of DNA
b)
enzymes and actively transports molecules across the cell membrane
c)
building blocks of DNA and structural components of cell membrane
d)
components of the cell membrane and main source of energy in cellular respiration
3.
The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements?
a)
 Enzymes function best at a specific temperature
b)
The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.
c)
The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action
d)
There is no connection between the two statements.
4.
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
5.
Some proteins catalyze biochemical reactions. If a genetic defect prevented a protein catalyst from being produced, which of the following do you predict would happen in the cell?
a)
The cell would find a different type of protein to catalyze the reaction
b)
The reaction the protein catalyzes would proceed very slowly or not at all
c)
The reaction the protein catalyzes would only occur in some places in the cell
d)
The reverse reaction of the one the protein catalyzes would begin to proceed
6.
Which row in the chart below correctly pairs a food molecule with its building block?
a)
Row 1
b)
Row 2
c)
Row 3
d)
Row 4
7.

In a chemical analysis of a sample of animal tissue, which element would most likely be found in the smallest quantity?

a)

hydrogen

b)

carbon

c)

iodine

d)

oxygen

8.

In the enzyme-controlled reaction represented by the word equation below, which molecules are considered the substrate?


monosaccharide + monosaccharide → disaccharide + water

a)

monosaccharide and monosaccharide

b)

disaccharide and water

c)

monosaccharide and water

d)

monosaccharide and disaccharide

9.

Which statement about enzymes is not correct?

a)

Enzymes are composed of polypeptide chains.

b)

Enzymes form a temporary association with a reactant.

c)

Enzymes are destroyed when they are used and must be synthesized for each reaction

d)

Enzymes are specific because of their shape and catalyze only certain reactions.

10.

Most organisms contain

a)

organic compounds, only

b)

inorganic compounds, only

c)

both organic and inorganic compounds

d)

neither organic nor inorganic compounds

11.

The chemical reactions taking place in a cell will most likely speed up if the

a)

genetic material in the nucleus stops replicating

b)

size of the cell is increased

c)

enzymes involved in the reaction become denatured

d)

concentration of the reactants is increased

12.

Which organic compound is produced when three fatty acid molecules bond to one glycerol molecule?

a)

glycogen

b)

ATP

c)

a lipid

d)

PGAL

13.

Which pH value indicates the most acidic condition?

a)

1.6

b)

2.1

c)

7.3

d)

11.1

14.

Molecular structures are represented in the diagrams below. Structure 2 represents a chemical component of

a)

molecule 1, only

b)

molecules 1 and 5, only

c)

molecules 1, 3, and 4, only

d)

molecules 1, 3, 4, and 5

15.

Water is classified as inorganic compound because it

a)

does not contain carbon

b)

does not contain nitrogen

c)

contains hydrogen

d)

contains oxygen

16.

Some structural formulas of organic molecules are shown. Which structural formulas represent carbohydrate molecules?

a)

1 and 5

b)

2 and 4

c)

3 and 2

d)

4 and 3

17.

Which factors does not alter the rate of hydrolysis of maltose?

a)

temperature of the environment of the reaction

b)

pH of the environment of the reaction

c)

size of the substrate molecule

d)

number of enzyme molecules present

18.

Amino acids are indicated by letters

a)

A and B

b)

A and G

c)

G and D

d)

B and D

19.

This reaction is an example of

a)

hydrolysis

b)

aerobic respiration

c)

dehydration synthesis

d)

denaturation

20.

Letter E represents a molecule of

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

glycerol

d)

water

21.

The portion of the molecule in box F is known as

a)

an amino group

b)

a carboxyl group

c)

a polymer

d)

a monosaccharide

22.

What are the end products of the hydrolysis of a polysaccharide?

a)

simple sugars

b)

amino acids

c)

fatty acids

d)

nucleotides

23.

The diagrams represent four different molecules. Which two diagrams represent the building blocks of lipids?

a)

A and B

b)

B and D

c)

C and D

d)

A and C

24.

Hemoglobin, insulin, albumin, and maltase are composed of chains of amino acids, are examples of

a)

proteins

b)

carbohydrates

c)

lipids

d)

nucleic acids

25.

The bond that joins two amino acids together is known as

a)

a double bond

b)

a hydrogen bond

c)

an ionic bond

d)

a peptide bond

26.

Salivary amylase is an enzyme in humans that breaks down starch. The optimum pH for this reaction is 6.7. The rate of this reaction would not be affected by

a)

decreasing the temperature of the reaction by 5 degrees celsius

b)

enzyme concentration

c)

maintaining the pH of the reaction at 6.7

d)

substrate concentration

27.

Letter Y most likely represnts

a)

a neurotransmitter

b)

a hormone

c)

a lipid

d)

an enzyme

28.
What is structure D?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
29.
How do enzymes speed up chemical reaction?
a)
Increasing activation energy
b)
Decreasing activation energy
c)
Increasing deactivation energy
d)
Decreasing deactivation energy
30.
Which of these is NOT true?
a)
Enzymes can denature (change shape) when the temperature gets too high.
b)
Enzymes can only be used once in a chemical reaction. 
c)
Extreme pH can denature enzymes.
d)
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. 
31.

One way a lipid is different from a carbohydrate is:

a)

Carbohydrates are quick energy sources while lipids are stored slow burning energy.

b)

Lipids and carbohydrates are the same.

c)

They can never be found in the same food source.

d)

None of the above.

32.

The inability of an organism to produce certain proteins can occur when an organism is lacking an enzyme needed to combine

a)

oxygen molecules

b)

simple sugars

c)

amino acids

d)

biological catalysts

33.

The function of a specific enzyme is most directly influenced by its

a)

molecular size

b)

physical shape

c)

carrying capacity

d)

stored energy

34.

Organisms contain compounds such a protiens, starches, and fats. The chemical bonds in these compounds can be a source of

a)

amino acids

b)

simple sugars

c)

energy

d)

enzymes

35.

Which chemical reaction is represented by the diagram?

a)

dehydration synthesis of a disaccharide

b)

hydrolysis of a polypeptide

c)

dehydration synthesis of a lipid

d)

hydrolysis of disaccharide

36.

More energy can be released from a fat molecule than from a glucose molecule because the fat molecule contains more

a)

genes

b)

organic compounds

c)

chemical bonds

d)

mitochondria

37.

During which process was the bond indicated by letter Y in the structural formula in the graphic produced?

a)

enzymatic hydrolysis

b)

dehydration synthesis

c)

enzynme deactivation

d)

carbon fixation

38.

Which of the following chemical formulas could represent a monosaccharide?

a)

C6H6O6

b)

C6H12O6

c)

CH2O4

d)

C5H10O10

39.

How do enzymes help carry out biochemical reactions?

a)

By decreasing the energy of the reactants

b)

By increasing the activation energy of the reaction

c)

By decreasing the activation energy of the reaction

d)

By increasing the energy of the products of the reaction

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