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WorksheetsGenetics
Total questions: 130
Worksheet time: 5hrs 57mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the genotype for a pea plant heterozygous for round seeds (R), and homozygous recessive for green seeds (y)?
a)
Ry
b)
rrYy
c)
RrYy
d)
Rryy
2.
Based off the image, what fraction of this generation has wrinkled, yellow seeds
a)
1/4
b)
9/16
c)
3/16
d)
3/4
3.
The pollen of flower with red (RR) flowers is transferred to a plant with white (rr) flowers. The flower produced from this match is pink. What kind of dominance does this represent?
a)
Recessive dominance
b)
Incomplet dominance
c)
Codominance
d)
Assertive dominance
4.
Which Mendelian law is represented by the ratios seen in a monohybrid cross?
a)
Law of Segregation
b)
Law of Independent Assortment
c)
Incomplete dominance
d)
Heterozygous alleles
5.
What is the genotype for this organism?
(E= 3 eyes, e= 1 eye)
a)
ee
b)
EE
c)
Ee
d)
EE or Ee
6.
If a pea plant were homozygous recessive for height, how would its alleles be represented?
a)
TT
b)
Tt
c)
tt
d)
TtTt
7.
In pea plants, the trait for tall stems is dominant over the trait for short stems. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
8.
One of the parents of a child has phenylketonuria (PKU), which is caused by recessive alleles. The other parent does not have the PKU alleles. What is the chance that the couple will have a child with phenylketonuria?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
9.
The observable traits of an organism are known as its
a)
allele
b)
dominance
c)
phenotype
d)
genotype
10.
Each parent contributes one of the genes for a particular trait. The genes of the pair are called:
a)
variables
b)
gametes
c)
hybrids
d)
alleles
11.
Chromosomes that carry genes that code for the same products, such as hemoglobin or eye pigment, are said to be:
a)
homologous
b)
heterozygous
c)
heterogeneous
d)
homozygous
12.
In snapdragons, Tallness (T) is dominant to dwarfness (t). In a cross between two plants that are heterozygous for this trait, the percent of offspring expected to exhibit dwarfness is
a)
25%
b)
100%
c)
50%
d)
0%
13.
In dragons, large scales (S) are dominant and small scales (s) are recessive. A dragon that is heterozygous for the trait is crossed with a dragon that has small scales. What should be the ratio of large-scaled dragons to small-scaled dragons among the offspring?
a)
1:2
b)
1:1
c)
2:1
d)
3:1
14.
In snapdragons, Tallness (T) is dominant to dwarfness (t). In a cross between two plants that are homozygous for the recessive allele, the percent of offspring expected to exhibit tallness is
a)
25%
b)
75%
c)
100%
d)
0%
15.
The color black is dominant in guinea pigs. The phenotypes of homozygous black guinea pigs and heterozygous black guinea pigs are:
a)
black
b)
gray
c)
BB and Bb
d)
white
16.
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that is controlled by a recessive allele. If a person suffering from CF were to marry an individual who is heterozygous for the trait, what % of their children could be expected to unaffected carriers of the trait? Ignore issues of sterility in persons with CF.
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
50%
17.
Tay Sachs disease is a fatal genetic disorder. Children born with this disorder generally die before they are five years old. A couple has had three children who died of Tay Sachs. About this couple it can safely be assumed that:
a)
any children they have in the future will also die from this disease
b)
they are both heterozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
c)
they are both homozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
d)
one is heterozygous and the other is homozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
18.
Mendel discovered principles of inheritance because he:
a)
observed simultaneously all of the characteristics in which the parents differed
b)
ignored all characteristics except a few markedly contrasting ones which he studied carefully
c)
studied only the offspring obtained from a single mating
d)
was smarter than any other scientist of his time
19.
The gene makeup of an organism for a particular trait is known as its
a)
dominance
b)
phenotype
c)
allele
d)
genotype
20.
In pea plants, the allele for green pods (G) is dominant and the allele for yellow pods (g) is recessive. A researcher crosses two green pea plants, and the in F1 generation, all of the offspring exhibit green pods. Can you determine the genotypes of both parents
a)
No, they could be Gg and GG OR GG and GG
b)
Yes, they are Gg and GG
c)
Yes, they are GG and GG
d)
No, they could be Gg and Gg OR GG and Gg
21.
What did Gregor Mendel's primary experiment consist of?
a)
Peas
b)
Flowers
c)
Beans
22.
What is the definition of Homozygous?
a)
When one allele is dominant and one is recessive
b)
When an individual has two sets of the same allele.
c)
when it is neither dominant or recessive
23.
what is the definition of Heterozygous?
a)
when an individual has two sets of the same allele
b)
when it is neither dominant or recessive
c)
A pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive.
24.
what is the ratio of the punnet quare
a)
1:4
b)
2:4
c)
3:4
25.
The principle of __________ states that alleles segregate during gamete formation.
a)
multiple alleles
b)
Independent assortment
c)
Segregation
26.
in a breeding experiment what are the first 2 individuals called?
a)
P generation
b)
F1 generation
c)
F2 generation
27.
The phenotype is the _______________.
a)
physical appearance of an organism
b)
Genetic makeup
c)
Alleles acquired from a specific parent.
28.
The genotype is the ______________.
a)
physical appearance
b)
Genetic makeup
c)
Alleles gained from one parent
29.
True or False: The principles of probability can be used to predict the outcomes of genetic crosses
a)
true
b)
false
30.
The Law of Segregation is when two alleles for a heritable character segregate (separate) during gamete formation and end up on the
a)
same gametes
b)
different gametes
31.
An organism's expressed physical trait, such as color or shape, is called its
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
gamete
32.
An organism that has two different alleles for a single trait is said to be _____ for that trait.
a)
Haploid
b)
Diploid
c)
heterozygous
d)
homozygous
33.
The passing of characters from parents to offspring is called?
a)
Monohybrid cross
b)
Heredity
c)
True breeding
d)
Genetics
34.
When 2 heterozygous parents (Qq) are crossed, what are the alleles of the offspring?
a)
25% QQ, 50% Qq, 25% qq
b)
100% QQ
c)
50% Qq
d)
none of above
35.
autosome is
a)
Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
b)
sex chromosome
36.
A mutation is a change in
a)
DNA
b)
Appearence
c)
Hair
d)
Arms
37.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
38.
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
a)
recessive allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
hidden allele
d)
present allele
39.
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
a)
heredity
b)
trait
c)
gene
d)
allele
40.
What is a phenotype?
a)
The expression of a trait; physical appearance.
b)
refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
c)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
d)
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
41.
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
a)
recessive allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
hidden allele
d)
present allele
42.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
43.
having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).
a)
protein
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
genotype
44.
What is a phenotype?
a)
The expression of a trait; physical appearance.
b)
refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
c)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
d)
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
45.
What is a factor that is covered up by another trait?
a)
Recessive
b)
Dominant
46.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
47.
AA and Aa always show up as
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
48.
Aa is
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
49.
Magda is a tall, 11 year old drummer. She has a scar on her right cheek. She is good at swimming. Which of her traits did Magda most likely inherit?
a)
height
b)
the scar
c)
ability to swim
d)
ability to play drums
50.
Both alleles are lower case and the dominant trait is not expressed at all; Example:ee
a)
Dominant
b)
Law of Independent Assortment
c)
Recessive
d)
Incomplete dominance
51.
A person heterozygous for wet earwax (Ww) mates with a person homozygous recessive for dry earwax. What is the chance their baby is heterozygous?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
52.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
53.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
54.
Heterozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
55.
Homozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
56.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
57.
B = brown fur b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
58.
In the punnett square shown, what must the genotype of the missing parent be?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
d)
Tt
59.
This picture shows what the red blood cell of someone with sickle cell anemia. This disorder is carried on the X chromosome and is most common in sub-saharan populations. What type of inheritance pattern must it follow?
a)
codominance
b)
sex-linked inheritance
c)
multiple allele inheritance
d)
incomplete dominance
60.
This diagram represents what type of inheritance pattern?
a)
sex-linked inheritance
b)
complete dominance
c)
codominance
d)
incomplete dominance
61.
How many phenotypes are there in ABO blood types?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
6
d)
12
62.
What is this diagram called? What do the circles represent?
a)
karyotype, males
b)
karyotype, females
c)
pedigree, females
d)
pedigree, males
63.
What is this tool used for?
a)
to compare DNA of two individuals
b)
read braille
c)
analyze genetic disorders in many generations of individuals
d)
analyze genetic disorders in one individual
64.
How many children do #5 & #6 have?
a)
1 male child
b)
2 male and 2 female children
c)
2 male children
d)
1 daughter and 1 son
65.
ABO blood types are an example of what type of inheritance?
a)
multiple alleles
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
polygenic inheritance
d)
genetic mutations
66.
AB blood type is an example of what type of inheritance?
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
codominance
d)
polygenic inheritance
67.
There are many variations in skin color that can be inherited based on the combination of alleles that you inherit from your mom and dad. This bell curve distribution is an example of
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
polygenic inheritance
68.
If this image were real, it would represent what type of inheritance?
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
polygenic inheritance
d)
compete dominance
69.
What gender of offspring are most often affected by sex-linked inheritance? What gender are usually carriers of the trait?
a)
males, males
b)
females, males
c)
males, females
d)
females, females
70.
What is the disorder in this karyotype?
a)
this karyotype is normal
b)
deletion of #5
c)
trisomy 21, down syndrome
d)
Klinefelter's syndrome
71.
What gender is this individual?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
we cannot tell using a karyotype?
72.
Chromosome pairs #s 1-22 are called
a)
mutations
b)
genosomes
c)
sex chromosomes
d)
autosomes
73.
The image shows the pattern of inheritance for colorblindness. From this diagram we can tell that colorblindness is
a)
a codominant trait
b)
a sex-linked trait
c)
carried on the Y chromosome
d)
is associated with a dominant allele
74.
For any given trait there may be more than two choices for alleles, the trait may be inherited on more than one gene or chromosome, and there are many types of inheritance patterns it may follow, however, for each trait you may only inherit how many alleles?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
23
d)
46
75.
How much of your DNA do you inherit from your mom?
a)
10%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
it varies
76.
What is the diploid number in human cells?
a)
2
b)
23
c)
46
d)
92
77.
Which of the following crossover events would be most difficult to detect in offspring?
a)
A crossover occurring in the region between gene A and G
b)
A crossover occurring in the region between gene G and T
c)
A crossover occurring in the region between gene T and B
d)
A crossover occurring in the region between gene A and T
78.
A wide range of phenotypic variations occur in the trait for human height. Which of the following accounts for these variations?
a)
Polygenic Inheritance
b)
Codominance
c)
Incomplete dominance
d)
Multiple Alleles
79.
Map relative position of the four genes on a chromosome from the data on crossover frequencies.
a)
ABCD
b)
ADCB
c)
CABD
d)
CBAD
80.
Examine the image. Which of the following would be the respective autosomal chromosome count for each organism?
a)
46, 48, 50, 78
b)
44, 46, 48, 76
c)
23, 24, 25, 39
d)
92, 96, 100, 156
81.
The pedigree shown indicates the expression pattern of VHL in a specific family. Genetic counselors told the affected female that she and her non-carrier husband had a 50% chance of producing children with VHL. Based on this information, which of the following best describes the inheritance pattern for this disorder?
a)
X-linked recessive
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Autosomal dominance
d)
Autosomal recessive
82.
Australian Shepherds are a breed of dogs whose coat color is directly impacted by two different genes. The gene that determines basic coat color exhibits a dominant allele (B) for black coat color and a recessive allele (b) for red coat color. Additionally, these dogs can have a solid coat color (mm) or a mixed pattern coat color called merle (Mm). The homozygous dominant coat color is called a lethal white (MM) which produces pups that are deaf and blind. What is the probability that two red Australian shepherds will produce a black pup?
a)
0
b)
1/4
c)
1/2
d)
3/4
83.
The Australian Shepherds of America Club discourages from mating two merles. Which of the following best explains why merle to merle matings are undesirable?
a)
The cross has the probability of producing litters with 50% solid coat color pups.
b)
The cross produces all homozygous recessive pups
c)
The cross has the probability of producing litters with 25% merle coat pups.
d)
The cross has a 25% chance of producing homozygous dominant pups.
84.
The diagram depicts an experiment in which ice packs were strapped to a hair-free patch on a species of rabbits. The new hair that grew in the patch exposed to cold was black.Which of the following statements is supported by the results of this experiment?
a)
The rabbits’ genomes have a flexible response to environmental stimuli.
b)
The rabbits change their phenotypes to attract mates.
c)
Rabbits whose coat color does not change represent a more evolved species
d)
Increased ultraviolet light can alter the genome of these rabbits.
85.
In horses, the grey coat color (G) is dominant to non-grey coat color (g). Additionally, some horses have a genetic disorder called hyperkalemic periodic paralysis or HYPP. HYPP is an inherited autosomal dominant disorder that affects the sodium channels in muscle cells. HYPP (H) is dominant to the normal condition (h). If a non-grey, normal stallion sires a foal that is not grey and does not have HYPP, which of the following genotypes are possible genotypes for the mother?
a)
GGhh and ggHH
b)
ggHH and GgHh
c)
GGHH and GGHh
d)
GgHh and gghh
86.
Many plant species are capable of producing offspring through self-pollination. In self-pollination, gametes formed by meiosis and are used to fertilize egg cells from the same plant. Which of the following statements describes why offspring produced through self-pollination can exhibit genetic diversity?
a)
The genes found in each gamete will be genetically identical to one another.
b)
The self-pollination gametes are produced through meiosis and have undergone DNA replication.
c)
Homologous chromosomes were sorted into different gamete cells causing separation of allele pairs.
d)
Gametes involved in self-pollination only travel a short distance prior to becoming involved in fertilization.
87.
What percentage of the offspring will have this recessive disease?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
88.
Looking at this pedigree, how many female family members are carriers?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
10
d)
7
89.
What percentage of the female offspring will be a carrier for this recessive disease (a)?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
100%
d)
25%
90.
How many PAIRS of chromosomes do humans have?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
1
d)
2
91.
How many PAIRS of sex chromosomes do humans have?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
1
d)
2
92.
What percentage of the offspring will have this recessive disease?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
93.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
94.
How many alleles does an individual have for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
95.
What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
c)
Mendelian Inheritance
d)
Homozygous Inheritance
96.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
97.
The different forms of a gene are called
a)
traits
b)
pollinators
c)
alleles
d)
hybrids
98.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
d)
recessive pattern
99.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
100.
Snap dragon color is a incomplete dominant trait. A red flower (RR) is crossed with white flower (rr)? What color are flowers that are Rr?
a)
Red
b)
Red and White
c)
White
d)
Pink
101.
I have 1 X chromosome and 1 Y chromosome. What am I?
a)
Male
b)
Female
102.
I have 2 X chromosomes. What am I?
a)
Male
b)
Female
103.
What genotype is missing from this Punnett Square?
a)
RrYy
b)
RRYY
c)
rryy
d)
RrYY
104.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
105.
What are the genotypes for type A blood?
a)
AA, O
b)
IAIA, IAi
c)
AO, O
d)
OO, AA
106.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
AB, AB, aB, aB
b)
Ab, AB, Ab, ab
c)
Ab, Ab, Ab, Ab
d)
AB, aB, ab, aB
107.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
aB, ab, AB, Ab
b)
aB, Ab, AB, AB
c)
AB, aB, AB, Ab
d)
aB, ab, aB, ab
108.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
aB, ab, AB, Ab
b)
Ab, AB, Ab, AB
c)
AB, AB, Ab, AB
d)
Ab, AB, ab, aB
109.
What goes in box 1
a)
AABb
b)
AABB
c)
aabb
d)
AaBb
110.
What goes in box 2
a)
AABb
b)
AaBb
c)
aabb
d)
AaBB
111.
What goes in box 3
a)
Aabb
b)
AABB
c)
AAbb
d)
aaBb
112.
What goes in box 4
a)
AABb
b)
AABB
c)
AAbb
d)
AaBB
113.
What goes in box 5
a)
AABB
b)
AaBb
c)
AaBb
d)
AAbb
114.
Cross Two Homozygous plants
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds?
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
115.
Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?
a)
9/16
b)
3/16
c)
1/16
d)
16/16
116.
If we cross TT with tt, what is the probability that the offspring will have Tt?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
117.
A roan cow shows co-dominance in fur color (orange and white). What is the phenotype ratio expected if a roan cow and a roan steer mate together?
a)
4: Orange and White
b)
1: Orange : 1 White
c)
2 Orange: 2 Orange and White: 0 White
d)
1: Orange: 2 Orange and White: 1 White
118.
A breed of chicken shows codominance for feather color. One allele codes for black feathers, another codes for white feathers. The feathers of heterozygous chickens of this breed will be:
a)
all black
b)
all white
c)
all gray
d)
speckled black and white
119.
In some carnations, flower color exhibits codominance. When crosses, Red (R) and white (W) flowers make speckled flowers (RW) that show both colors.
Complete a cross between A speckled flower and a red flower. Find the phenotype ratio.
Complete a cross between A speckled flower and a red flower. Find the phenotype ratio.
a)
2 red: 2 speckled: 0 white
b)
4 red: 0 speckled: 0 white
c)
0 red: 4 speckled: 0 white
d)
0 red: 2 speckled: 2 white
120.
Which blood types have two possible genotypes?
a)
Type O and AB
b)
Type A and AB
c)
Type B and O
d)
Type A and B
121.
What is the genotype of a person who has type B blood but their parent had type O blood?
a)
IBi
b)
IBIB
c)
ibO
d)
OB
122.
what is genotypic ratio of incomplete dominance
a)
1:2:1
b)
3:1
c)
1:3:1
d)
16:1
123.
function of dominant gene is
a)
produce functional protein
b)
produce non functional protein
c)
produce less functional protein
d)
produce no protein
124.
function of recessive gene
a)
produuce functional protein
b)
produce no protein
c)
produce less functional protein
d)
b and c
125.
incomplete dominance is also called
a)
blended inheritance
b)
mendelian inheritance
c)
none of these
d)
all of these
126.
co dominance means
a)
progeny resembles one of the parent
b)
progeny resembles none of the protein
c)
progeny resembles both parents
d)
progeny is a blend of both parents
127.
co dominance is exhibited by
a)
A, B Blood group
b)
ABO blood group
c)
SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA
d)
HAEMOPHILIA
128.
multiple allelism is due to
a)
presence of two alleles in population
b)
presence of more than two alleles in population
c)
none of the above
d)
all the above
129.
Multiple allelism is shown by
a)
ABO Blood
b)
AB blood
c)
SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA
d)
HAEMOPHILIA
130.
How many alleles can a person have
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
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