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Ecology Final Review 2

Total questions: 51

Worksheet time: 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Why is photosynthesis essential to Earth?

a)

Transforms Sun's energy into chemical energy

b)

The Sun's energy is reflected off leaves

c)

Energy is destroyed by rainfall

2.
A plant requires water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, light & minerals in order to survive. These are
a)
both biotic and abiotic factors
b)
biotic factors
c)
abiotic factors
d)
neither biotic nor abiotic factors
3.

Until the Industrial Revolution the balance of this gas in our atmosphere was stable...

a)

O3 (ozone)

b)

O2 (oxygen)

c)

SO4 (sulfate)

d)

CO2 (carbon dioxide)

4.

_______ % of total water that is freshwater available for use.

a)

100%

b)

56%

c)

3%

d)

0.5%

5.
The 'sphere' of Earth which includes all living organisms is the ______.
a)
Hydrosphere
b)
Geosphere
c)
Exosphere
d)
Biosphere
6.

Your impact on the Earth is called your _________.

a)

Biome

b)

ecological footprint

c)

Biology

d)

environmental weight

7.

When a scientist counts a population in a small area, then calculates the population of entire habitat.

a)

personal observation

b)

indirect observation

c)

sampling

8.
This species is the first to populate an area going through succession.
a)
pioneer species
b)
public species
c)
proficient species
d)
pretend species
9.
In what ways could we help our environment in the face of global warming?
a)
Rooftop gardens
b)
Solar panels
c)
Plant trees
d)
All of these
10.

Why is biodiversity important?

a)

To create stable ecosystems

b)

To decrease predator numbers

c)

To increase atmospheric temperatures

d)

To stabilize non-renewable resources

11.
Fossil fuels include these main types of energy...
a)
Coal, wind & solar
b)
Water, Wind & Solar
c)
Coal, gas & oil
d)
Water, natural gas & sulfur oxides
12.
What happens if a top predator is removed from an ecosystem?
a)
No effect
b)
Every organism benefits
c)
Disrupts the food web
d)
Stabilizes populations
13.

What best defines biodiversity?

a)

Amount of biomass

b)

Total # of organisms

c)

Variety and number of organisms

d)

Animals & plants dying

14.

What is the primary effect of an INVASIVE species on an ecosystem?

a)

Kills native species

b)

Provides shade

c)

Benefits native plants

d)

Ecological mistake

15.
In what way can over-fishing impact certain aquatic populations?
a)
Decreases number of fish
b)
Increase in predator species
c)
Increase in competition
d)
Decrease in plankton
16.
Primary consumers eat ______________.
a)
decomposers
b)
tertiary consumers
c)
secondary consumers
d)
producers
17.
The point at which a population is using the maximum amount of resources in an area is called
a)
Growth rate
b)
Death rate
c)
Carrying capacity
d)
Over resourcing
18.
Which of these types of soils is ideal for farming?
a)
Sand
b)
Loam
c)
Silt
d)
Clay
19.
What man-made factor contributes to forming acid precipitation?
a)
Fertilizer
b)
Burning of fossil fuels
c)
Methane from livestock
d)
CFC's
20.
Which of the following is not recyclable?
a)
A piece of paper
b)
An aluminum can
c)
A glass bottle
d)
Food scraps
21.

An example of a population is

a)

all animals in a forest.

b)

all plants in a forest.

c)

all maple trees in a forest.

22.

Which of the following are minerals that contain valuable substances?

a)

native minerals

b)

ore minerals

c)

gangue minerals

23.
Which items produced by households and businesses can be composted?
a)
aluminum cans
b)
plastic bottles and packaging
c)
yard waste, such as grass clippings and tree limbs
d)
clothing made out of synthetic fibers
24.
An endangered species is
a)
a species growing on public land
b)
a species in danger of extinction
c)
an organism brought to a place where it has not lived before
d)
a species that has disappeared entirely
25.
Abiotic factors are
a)
living organisms
b)
Non living
26.

the surface layer of the soil, which is usually richer in organic matter than the subsoil is

a)

topsoil or O horizon

b)

B subsoil

c)

R rock layer

27.

Humans can impact carbon cycle positively by

a)

"Planting trees"

b)

"A factory with smoke stacks"

c)

"The local landfill burning trash"

d)

"Paved streets with many cars on the roads"

28.
________ are responsible for recycling matter back into the food web once an organism has died.
a)
"Carnivores"
b)
"Decomposers"
c)
"Omnivores"
d)
"Producers"
29.
In natural selection, organisms pass on _____________ inherited traits to the next generation.
a)
Beneficial
b)
Harmful
c)
Benign
d)
Mimicry
30.

Which term refers to consequences of extra nutrients being added to a body of water?

a)

"eutrophication"

b)

"decomposers"

c)

"parasites"

d)

"nitrogen fixing"

31.
What will MOST LIKELY happen if an invasive species is introduced into a food web?
a)
"Biodiversity will decrease."
b)
"Native species will increase"
c)
"Biodiversity will increase"
d)
"The decomposers will decrease."
32.

Looking for signs of an organism in an area is an example of which type of observation?

a)

Direct

b)

Indirect

c)

Density

d)

Camera Traps

33.
A lichen grows on rocks at base of a waterfall. What might be happening in this environment?
a)
"Primary succession"
b)
"Secondary Succession"
c)
"A volcano erupted"
d)
"Moisture level around the waterfall decreased"
34.
The animals in the food web release __ into the environment, which plants then use for __
a)
"oxygen, respiration"
b)
"carbon dioxide, respiration"
c)
"water vapor, photosynthesis"
d)
"carbon dioxide, photosynthesis"
35.
Rachael Carson
a)
"worked with chimps in Africa"
b)
wrote the book "Silent Spring"
c)
"worked with endangered plants"
d)
"was from california"
36.
As matter moves through biogeochemical cycles, it is never created or destroyed — just _________.
a)
formed
b)
created
c)
changed
d)
the same
37.
Which of the following can be composted?
a)
"synthetic fibers"
b)
"aluminum cans"
c)
"yard debris/waste"
d)
"plastic bottles"
38.
Bacteria play an important role in the nitrogen cycle because they
a)
Decompose waste and dead organisms releasing the nitrogen.
b)
Convert nitrogen in the atmosphere to a useable form.
c)
Use ammonia to produce nitrates and nitrites that plants can use.
d)
All of the above
39.

What do you think might happen to an ecosystem where a keystone species has gone extinct?

a)

The entire ecosystem may collapse.

b)

Invasive species may take over the ecosystem.

c)

Other species would also disappear and become extinct.

d)

All of the above.

40.
Mimicry is a beneficial adaptation gained through natural selection. It helps species to ____________ and reproduce.
a)
have instincts
b)
survive
c)
hide
d)
eat
41.
A species that occurs in the region in which it evolved is called:
a)
An invasive species
b)
A natural species
c)
A native species
d)
An exotic species
42.
The carbon cycle has been interrupted by
a)
Burning fossil fuels
b)
Natural cycles
c)
Toxins in the environment
d)
Nuclear power plants
43.
Eutrophication is caused by too many _______ in the water.
a)
bacteria
b)
fossil fuels
c)
fish
d)
nutrients
44.

A forest ecosystem can support a limited number of bears. This is because

a)

"bears hibernate during the winter."

b)

"the base of the food chain is seasonal."

c)

"available energy is lost from one trophic level to the next."

d)

"light that supports photosynthesis is limited"

45.
A lichen grows on rocks at base of a waterfall. What might be happening in this environment?
a)
"Primary succession"
b)
"Secondary Succession"
c)
"A volcano erupted"
d)
"Moisture level around the waterfall increased"
46.
A pesticide is sprayed on grass in an ecosystem. This will cause
a)
"All producers to die out."
b)
"All of the consumers to decrease."
c)
"The toxins to bioaccumulate in tertiary consumers"
d)
"The grasshoppers will find some other food source."
47.
Which of the following causes global warming?
a)
"an decrease in CO2 levels"
b)
"an enhanced greenhouse effect"
c)
"ice melting "
d)
"stronger storms"
48.
Oil, coal and gas
a)
"are renewable"
b)
"are called biomass"
c)
"can be recycled"
d)
"are non-renewable"
49.

The tragedy of the commons refers to a problem where

a)

"the productive area of Earth needed is too small"

b)

"there are too few species in an area"

c)

"plants will not grow in an area"

d)

"humans over use the resources in an area"

50.

Condition in which human needs are met in such a way that a population can survive indefinitely

a)

"developed nation"

b)

"carrying capacity"

c)

"exological footprint"

d)

"sustainablility"

51.

Which of the following is NOT considered a renewable resource

a)

Natural Gas

b)

Wind

c)

Solar

d)

Hydropower (water)

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