wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

NEW

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Geology Rocks!

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Why is coal not a mineral?
a)
It's not a solid
b)
It is man-made
c)
It is not inorganic
d)
It is made of carbon
2.
By definition, a mineral has which of the following characteristic(s)?
a)
definite chemical composition
b)
crystal structure
c)
naturally occuring
d)
all of the above
3.
What mineral is used for pencils?
a)
Graphite
b)
Galena
c)
Magnetite
d)
Quartz
4.
What mineral is salt?
a)
quartz
b)
sulfur
c)
halite
d)
calcite
5.
What mineral is the softest mineral on Moh's Hardness Scale and the main ingredient in baby powder?
a)
feldspar
b)
talc
c)
gypsum
d)
kaolinite
6.
Which mineral smells like rotten eggs?
a)
talc
b)
sulfer
c)
mica
d)
pyrite
7.

1. Rock sediments that travel down a mountain, sand being blown across the beach, and mud sliding down a hill are all examples of

a)

pressing and cementing

b)

erosion

c)

part of the rock cycle

d)

fossil formation

8.

Hot, molten rock inside the earth is called ...

a)

lava

b)

magma

c)

igneous rock

d)

minerals

9.

Once magma reaches the earth's surface, it is called __________.

a)

a vent

b)

minerals

c)

igneous rocks

d)

lava

10.

Rocks that are buried deep in the earth can be changed into an entirely new rock when it goes through what?

a)

weathering and erosion

b)

pressing and cementing

c)

heat and pressure

d)

cooling and hardening

11.

A person who studies the properties of rocks to tell how the rocks may have been formed are ____________.

a)

mineralists

b)

geologists

c)

rock stars

d)

rockologists

12.
This rock was molten lava that cooled quickly as it came out of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
13.
This rock cooled on the outside of a volcano and contained air bubbles when it was forming. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
14.
What type of rock forms when sand, particles of rock, bits of soil, and remains of once-living things are cemented?
a)
igneous
b)
sedimentary
c)
minerals
d)
metamorphic
15.
The continuous series of change that rocks undergo is known as the _____.
a)
rock cycle
b)
water cycle
c)
hibernation
d)
metamorphisis
16.
This rock was formed when magma cooled very slowly inside the Earth. What specific type of rock is it?
a)
Intrusive Igneous Rock
b)
Extrusive Igneous Rock
c)
Foliated Metamorphic Rock
d)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
17.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
18.
What is deposition?
a)
Dropping off sediment
b)
Movement of sediment
c)
Breaking down of sediment 
19.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
d)
deposition
20.
What are the two types of crust
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and upper
c)
lower and upper
d)
pizza and subway
21.
Why is the inner core solid?
a)
its unknown
b)
what it's made of
c)
the pressure
d)
it is colder than the outer core
22.

What is the MAIN way rocks are classified?

a)

Their color and shapes

b)

How they form

c)

Texture

d)

Composition

23.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
24.
Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
25.
This rock was formed by lots of fossils that settled on top of each other over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
26.
What principle states that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes?
a)
Uniformitarianism
b)
Catastrophism
c)
Paleotology
d)
Disestablishmentarianism
27.

What do scientists know about an undisturbed sequence of rocks based on superposition?

a)

Older rocks are on top of younger

b)

Younger rocks are on top of older

c)

Older rocks have eroded away

d)

Younger walks get deposited and do not stay

28.
The trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock
a)
varve
b)
index fossil
c)
trace fossil
d)
fossil
29.
The age of an object in relation to the ages of other objects is known as what?
a)
relative age
b)
absolute age
c)
half-life
d)
unconformity
30.
What is the scientific study of fossils called?
a)
uniformitarianism
b)
unconformity
c)
paleontology
d)
radiometric dating
31.
What is a fossil that is used to establish the age of a rock layer because the fossil is distinct, abundant, and widespread and the species that formed that fossil existed for only a short span of geologic time?
a)
index fossil
b)
trace fossil
c)
fossil
d)
varve
32.
The principle that a fault or body of rock is younger than any other body of rock that it cuts through is known as what?
a)
relative age
b)
law of crosscutting relationships
c)
varve
d)
law of super position
33.
When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.
a)
Compaction
b)
Cementation
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
34.
The process in which sediment are fused or glued together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
35.
Fossilized dinosaur eggs have been found in the third of five rock layers during a fossil dig.  Based on the law of superposition, which best represents the age of the eggs?
a)
The eggs are older than all of the rock layers.
b)
The eggs are younger than all of the rock layers.
c)
The eggs are about the same age as the third rock layer.
d)
The eggs are about the same age as the fifth rock layer.
36.

How does the law of crosscutting relationships explain the age of a fault caused by an earthquake?

a)

The fault is older than the rocks above it.

b)

The fault is younger than the rocks above it.

c)

The fault is older than rocks it cuts through.

d)

The fault is younger than the rocks it cuts through.

37.

The lithosphere is best described as

a)

an area of rigid material made up of the crust and the upper part of the mantle

b)

an area of rock found in the mantle

c)

The fluid like material the plates are "floating" on

d)

An area of melted rock found deep in the mantle

38.

The asthenosphere can best be described as

a)

The rigid rock material found in the upper mantle

b)

the flexible plastic-like area of the mantle that the lithosphere "floats" on

c)

The melted rock material found deep in the mantle

d)

The liquid iron and nickel that move in the core

39.

Which statement best compares and contrasts the inner and outer cores

a)

The inner and outer core both are made of iron and nickel, but the metals are in a liquid state in the outer core. On the other hand, the iron and nickel are solid in the core due to the high pressure

b)

The inner core is made of solid iron and nickel The outer core is made of liquid iron and nickel.

c)

The outer core is solid iron and nickel, whereas the same material is in a liquid state in the inner core because it is so hot at that depth.

d)

The inner and outer core are both metal and part of the layers of Earth. They are different too.

40.

A crack in the earth's crust is a

a)

A. topography

b)

B. plate

c)

C. fault

d)

D. delta

41.
Any process that moves the surface of Earth to a higher elevation is called...
a)
Lava
b)
Magma
c)
Uplift
d)
Rotation
42.
What are the two types of crust
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and upper
c)
lower and upper
d)
pizza and subway
43.
The Four Spheres of Earth
a)
are all connected
b)
have nothing to do with one another
c)
exist on Venus and Mars
d)
don't affect human life
44.
An example of BIOsphere connecting to ATMOsphere
a)
plants produce oxygen
b)
animals eat plants
c)
animals live in caves
d)
animals drink water
45.
Which sphere would contain the oxygen that we breathe?
a)
geosphere
b)
atmosphere
c)
biosphere
d)
hydrosphere
46.

How did the ocean water become salty?

a)

It mixed with methane hydrates.

b)

Volcanoes erupted water vapor into the air.

c)

Rain dissolved minerals from rocks.

47.
3. The bending of rock layers due to stress in the Earth's crust is known as
a)
a. uplift
b)
b. folding
c)
c. faulting
d)
d. subsidence
48.
5. Scientists knowledge of the Earth's interior has come primarily from...
a)
a. studying magnetic reversals in oceanic crust
b)
b. using a system of satellite called the giobal positioning system
c)
c. studying sesmic waves generated by earthquakes.
d)
d. studying the pattern of fossils on different continents.
49.
Less dense materials rise to the top.
a)
True
b)
False
50.
Which layer of Earth is made up of tectonic plates?
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
asthenosphere
d)
lithosphere
51.
Which combination creates sand?
a)
Rocks and ocean waves
b)
Wind and ocean waves
c)
Long waves and wind
d)
surf and ocean waves
52.

Select the definition of soil

a)

layers of soil with distinct physical properties in a soil profile

b)

mixture of weathered rock, organic material, water, and air

c)

decomposed organic matter

d)

vertical section showing the soil horizons

53.

Bacteria and fungi in soil are called __________________ because they break down dead plants and animals.

a)

Organisms

b)

Decomposers

c)

Litter

d)

Burrowers

54.

When earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then die and decay in the soil, they are contributing to the formation of_____________.

a)

Humus

b)

Clay

c)

Litter

d)

Silt

55.

True or False: Soil takes very little time to form.

a)

True

b)

False

56.
How are weathering and erosion related?
a)
Both weathering and erosion break down soil. 
b)
Both weathering and erosion move rocks.
c)
Weathering breaks down rocks, and then erosion moves the broken down rocks.
d)
They are not related at all.
57.
SOIL LAYERS ARE CALLED.......
a)
MATERIALS
b)
ORGANIC
c)
HUMUS
d)
HORIZONS
58.
What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?
a)
Minerals are composed of organic material, and rocks are composed of minerals.
b)
Rocks are composed of only organic material, and minerals are composed of rocks.
c)
Rocks are composed of minerals and other organic material while minerals are inorganic and composed of the same elements every time. 
d)
Minerals are composed of rocks and other organic material while rocks are inorganic and composed of the same elements every time. 
59.
What fossil is the oldest?
a)
d
b)
b
c)
a
d)
c
60.
process where scientists compare rock lays with others to determine a rock's age
a)
relative dating
b)
absolute dating
61.
On top of Mt. Everest, there are fossilized remains of sea life; this tells us that the rocks at the top of world's highest mountain 
a)
used to be above sea level
b)
used to be below sea level
c)
used to be on Mars
d)
came from an asteroid
62.
Which layer contains the oldest index fossils?
a)
Layer 1
b)
Layer 2
c)
Layer 3
d)
Layer 4
63.
Sediment goes through _________________ to become sedimentary rock.
a)
heat and pressure
b)
compacting and cementing
c)
weathering and erosion
d)
melting and cooling
64.
Which type of rock is heated and pressurized but does NOT melt?
a)
igneous
b)
hard rock
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
65.
Tiny bits of weathered rock are called ________
a)
Sediment
b)
basalt
c)
mineral
d)
coal
66.
The Grand Canyon formed as a(n) ________ eroded rock layers.
a)
ocean
b)
river
c)
lake
d)
pond
67.
What can studying fossils tell us?
a)
They can tell us about what past environments were like and what kind of animals lived there
b)
They can tell us about the animals that will live there in the future
c)
they can tell us how to train and care for extinct animals
68.
Scientists think that convection currents that move the plates flow in Earth's
a)
Continental crust
b)
Oceanic crust
c)
Asthenosphere
d)
Lithosphere
69.
As you travel from the inner core to the crust, how would temperature, pressure and density of the material change?
a)
The would all increase
b)
The would all decrease.
c)
They would stay the same.  
d)
Temperature would decrease, but pressure and density would increase. 
70.
Where does the heat come from that drives this convection current in the mantle? 
a)
The sun
b)
The crust
c)
the mantle
d)
the core
71.
Earth's plates are...
a)
constantly moving and changing the face of the earth
b)
Never moves
c)
Moves seldom and very fast
d)
Moves when it feels like it
72.

Which type of scientist studies fossils?

a)

astronomer

b)

meteorologist

c)

paleontologist

d)

rockologist

73.

In the image above, what is the sequence of events in order from the oldest layer to youngest layer?

a)

D, C, B, E, A

b)

C, D, B, A, E

c)

C, B, A, D, E,

d)

B, C, A, D, E

74.
What are the three states of matter?
a)
solid, volume, mass
b)
density, volume, mass
c)
solid, liquid, gas
d)
density, gas, volume
75.
Something that takes up space and has mass.
a)
volume
b)
matter
c)
mass
d)
density
76.
The amount of space something takes up
a)
density
b)
volume
c)
mass
d)
matter
77.
You can measure ______ with grams.
a)
mass
b)
volume
c)
conductivity
d)
melting point
78.
Two objects are placed in water.  One sinks and the other floats.  Which conclusion can be drawn from this data?
a)
one object is magnetic and the other is not
b)
one object is solid and the other is a liquid
c)
one object has a greater density than the other
d)
one object is much larger than the other
79.

The ability to do work or cause change

a)

system

b)

energy

c)

matter

d)

element

80.

What is a pure substance that is made of all of the same type of atom?

a)

matter

b)

rock

c)

mineral

d)

element

Similar Resources on Wayground

SOL REVIEW 8th Grade

80 questions

SOL REVIEW 8th Grade

quiz

Worksheet

•

6th - 8th Grade

Earth Science SSA Review 6th & 7th

80 questions

Earth Science SSA Review 6th & 7th

quiz

Worksheet

•

6th - 8th Grade

Matter: Physical and Chemical Properties/Changes

75 questions

Matter: Physical and Chemical Properties/Changes

quiz

Worksheet

•

6th Grade

Human Body Systems Review

75 questions

Human Body Systems Review

quiz

Worksheet

•

7th Grade

STEMbee

80 questions

STEMbee

quiz

Worksheet

•

7th Grade

Kinetic and Potential Energy Review

78 questions

Kinetic and Potential Energy Review

quiz

Worksheet

•

6th - 8th Grade

Year 7 ecology

79 questions

Year 7 ecology

quiz

Worksheet

•

7th Grade

Physical Science Midterm Review Guide

75 questions

Physical Science Midterm Review Guide

quiz

Worksheet

•

6th Grade