Freddie’s mother buys him a sailor’s cap before they go on a family fishing trip. On the boat, Freddie gets nauseated and vomits. Th e next day he gets nauseated just from looking at the sailor’s cap. The sailor’s cap has become:

Rose has been unable to drive a motorcycle since being involved in a serious motorcycle accident. Every time she sees a motorcycle, her heart races and she begins to sweat. A person with knowledge of classical conditioning would be correct in saying that the motorcycle is now a(n) ______, and the heart racing and body sweating is the ______.

Every time Sarah opens the refrigerator, her dog runs to her expecting a treat. What is the neutral stimulus that became conditioned in this scenario?

After repeatedly pairing the sound of a bell with the presentation of food, a dog begins to salivate when it hears the bell alone. In this example, what is the conditioned response?

Whenever Maya puts on her running shoes, her puppy gets excited and jumps around, even before they go outside. What is the unconditioned stimulus in this classical conditioning scenario?

Every time Alex hears the ice cream truck's music, he feels excited because he knows ice cream is coming. Eventually, just hearing the music makes him excited, even if he doesn't get ice cream. In this scenario, what is the conditioned stimulus?

Whenever Lisa's phone vibrates, she immediately checks it for a message. At first, the vibration meant nothing to her, but now it makes her feel anticipation. What is the unconditioned response in this example?

After being stung by a bee while picking flowers, Emma now feels anxious whenever she sees flowers. In this classical conditioning scenario, what is the conditioned response?

Whenever Sam hears the doorbell, his dog starts barking, even before seeing who is at the door. What is the conditioned stimulus in this scenario?

After being bitten by a dog, Mia now feels scared whenever she sees any dog. In terms of classical conditioning, what is the conditioned response?

After several visits to the dentist where she experienced pain, Julia now feels nervous just by sitting in the dentist's waiting room. What is the conditioned response in this example?

Whenever Mark hears the sound of a can opening, he feels thirsty because he associates it with drinking soda. What was the neutral stimulus before conditioning occurred?