WorksheetsDNA and Genetics (Part 2) (Occupational Participation PEDs ES)
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 11hrs 55mins
How many nucleotide bases are in DNA?
3
1
2
4
Which of the following are nucleotide bases in DNA?
Adenosine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
Cytothysine
Which of the following occurs during gene translation?
Proteins are produced
Transcribed mRNA is "read"
Proteins are destroyed and lost
mRNA is transformed into DNA
What is formed during gene transcription?
The destruction of mRNA to create new DNA
New mitochondria emerge from the nucleus of each cell
A mRNA copy of the DNA
A DNA copy of the mRNA
Which of the following packages protein for the cells to secrete?
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Cell wall
A type of mutation, ____ is caused by the substitution of a single base pair (of nucleotides) in DNA or mRNA.
Break mutation
Frame mutation
Point mutation
Single mutation complex
What is the most common type of (gene) mutation?
Break Mutation (the substitution of an entire strand of DNA)
Point Mutation (a single base pair substitution)
Complex Mutation (five base pair substitutions)
Catastrophic Mutation (all base pairs have been substituted)
Which of the following are types of point mutations?
Nonsense mutation
Mazatian mutation
Missense mutation
"FISH" mutation
A type of mutation, _____ occurs when there is a substitution of the wrong amino acid.
Misuse mutation
Nonpractical mutation
Missense mutation
Nonsense mutation
During Joey's gestation, a missense mutation occurred in one of his genes. As a result of this mutation, a wrong amino acid was substituted into that gene. Consequently, Joey now most likely has what condition?
Restless Legs Syndrome
William's Syndrome
Down's Syndrome
Phenyketonuria
ADHD
A type of mutation, _____ leads the lack of the formation of a tumor suppressor
Misuse mutation
Impractical mutation
Missense mutation
Nonsense mutation
During Jack's gestation, a nonsense mutation occurred in one of Jack's genes. As a result, no tumor supressors were formed. What condition could Jack later have?
Enlarged lymph nodes
Edema
Migraines
Neurofibromatosis-1
Blood clots
Which of the following are some less common forms of gene mutations?
Insertions of random/extra bases
Deletions of bases
Substitutions of one base pair
True or False:: Base insertions and/or deletions can lead to a frame shift that creates non-functional proteins.
True
False
A type of mutation, _____ is caused by insertions or deletions of a number of nucleotides in a DNA sequences, leading to an uneven number of bases.
Frameshift mutation
Golgi mutation
Point mutation
Missuse mutation
During Kaylee's gestation, a frame shift mutation occurred in one of her genes. As a result, that gene has an uneven number of bases due to the loss of some bases. What condition could Kaylee now have due to this mutation?
Williams Syndrome
Edward's Syndrome
Tay-Sachs Disease
Taylor-Lewis Disease
What affects the incidence of a genetic disease in a given population?
The difference between the rate of provider care and the rate of non-provider care
The difference between the rate of mutation production and the rate of mutation removal.
The difference between the rate of mutation adaptation and the rate of mutation mal-adaptation
The difference between the rate of diagnosis and the rate of non-diagnosis
Harrison was born with Sickle Cell Disease. This condition can actually provide Harrison with a selective advantage, since his risk of contracting ____ has decreased.
Malaria
Polio
The common cold
The flu
What may cause a genetic disease to be retained in a given population?
A selective advantage (Ex: Having sickle cell disease protects against malaria)
Effective cures against the disease
These diseases are highly contagious
Common colds usually activate the disease for the first time
How much genetic identity do all humans share?
75%
50%
5%
99.9%
_____ are unique variations of DNA sequences that affect individuals in different ways.
Multiple nucleotide mutations
Single nucleotide mutations
Single nucleotide polymorphims
Multiple nucleotide polyprisms
Which of the following are types of Mendelian disorders?
Autosomal recessive
Autosomal dominant
X-linked
Y-linked
Autosomal regressive
How many known autosomal recessive disorders are there?
About 1000
About 100
Over 5000
At least 10
What Mendelian type of disease is Tay-Sachs Disease?
Autosomal Dominant
Autosomal Regressive
Autosomal Recessive
X-Linked
Y-Linked
_____ are defined as different forms of genes.
Recessive Disorders
Alleles
Mendelian
Autosomal Disorders
Which of the following is true about Tay-Sach's Disease?
There is progressive brain damage, leading to early death
There is an enzyme that is absent
There are too many enzymes
A toxic product of nerve cells is metabolized, leading to brain damage
When detected on time, it can be 100% cured
Mike's parents are both heterozygeous carriers for a disease. What is Mike's chances of having the disease?
2 in 4
1 in 4
3 in 4
4 in 4
How many known autosomal dominant diseases are there?
950
150
600
520
John's dad is an autosomal dominant carrier for a disease and has the disease. John's mom is completely healthy. What are some possible outcomes for John?
John has the disease
John is completely healthy
John is a carrier of the disease
John will get the disease from his dad, but will eventually get better since his mom is completely healthy
An autosomal dominant disorder, Raul inherited _______. There was a mutation in one copy of the gene associated with the disease, and he now has a genetic predisposition towards developing benign tumors along the nerves of his skin, brain and other parts of the body. What is this condition?
Neurofibromatosis Syndrome
De Novo Syndrome
De Novo Mutation
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)
What is the Mendelian inheritance type of Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)?
X-linked
Autosomal recessive
Autosomal dominant
Autosomal regressive
Which of the following are X-linked disorders?
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Hemophilia
Down's Syndrome
Rett's Syndrome
Which of the following is true about Rett Syndrome?
It is X-linked dominant
All male fetuses with Rett Syndrome will die before birth
All female fetuses with Rett Syndrome with die before birth
Females with Rett Syndrome will survive, but will have intellectual disability and microcephaly (small heads)
Females with Rett Syndrome will usually express Autism-like traits
Janet was expecting fraternal twins. However, her male fetus died unexpectedly during gestation. She gave birth to a daughter, who has microcephaly and intellectual disability. Janet also thinks her daughter has Autism. What likely occurred during Janet's gestation?
The male twin absorbed too little hemoglobin
The female twin absorbed too much Iron
The male twin absorbed more nutrients than the female twin
The female twin absorbed more nutrients than the male twin
Both twins had Rett Syndrome
_____ is defined as the inactivation of one of the X chromosomes
Lyonizating Chromosomes
Delayed Chromosomal Onset Disorder
Lyonization
Mitochondrial Inheritance Disorder
_____ is the process by which mitochondria produce the energy needed for cellular functions
Mitochondria Exchange System
Energy Gas Exchange Program
Oxidative phosphorylation
Mitochondrial Functional Processes
Which of the following is a mitochondrial inheritance disorder?
MELAS
FELLAS
MELICHS
MURDOCHS
MELAS Syndrome is comprised of which of the following conditions?
Mitochondrial Myopathy
Encephalopathy
Lactic Acidosis
Stroke
Anxiety
____ is a medical condition characterized by the buildup of lactate (especially L-lactate) in the body, resulting in an excessively low pH in the bloodstream. It is one of the conditions in MELAS Syndrome.
Lactic Keydosis
Lactic Acidosis
Lactic Articdosis
Lactic Melodosis
Yvonne has MELAS syndrome. One of the four core components of this disease is encephalopathy (or brain disease). Which of the following are symptoms that Yvonne may have from encephalopathy?
Tremors
Muscle Spasms
Blindness
Deafness
Eventual dementia
Tonya has MELAS syndrome. One of the four core components of this disease is myopathy (or muscle disease). Which of the following are symptoms that she may have from myopathy?
Difficulty walking
Difficulty moving
Difficulty eating
Difficulty speaking
Difficulty sleeping
Frankie has MELAS syndrome. One of the four core components of this disease is a stroke. Which of the following are symptoms that Frankie may have from a stroke?
Brain damage
Seizures
Numbness
Partial Paralysis
Unexplained weight loss
Which of the following is true about mitochondrial diseases?
Only mothers can transmit them to their offspring
Mothers and fathers can both transmit them to their offspring
Eggs contain cytoplasm, leading to the transmission of these diseases
Sperm contain cytoplasm, leading to the transmission of these diseases
Sperm does not contain cytoplasm, meaning that these diseases cannot be transmitted through sperm
_______ result from problems in the recombination and replication of genes during meiosis
Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion Disorders
Binucleotide Expanding Repeating Disorders
Trinucleotide Exploding Repetition Disorders
Nucleotide Explosive Resulting Disasters
Which of the following is a Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion Disorder?
Fragile Y Syndrome
Wallis Syndrome
Edward's Syndrome
Fragile X Syndrome
