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WorksheetsMidterm Review
Total questions: 125
Worksheet time: 2hrs 45mins
Which was a major (success and failure) of Reconstruction in the South?
the transformation into an industrialized, urban region and the creation of the Freedman’s Bureau.
the creation of a public school system for former slaves and racist attitudes continued in the North and South.
an end to tensions between the South and the North and war debts remained unpaid.
an end to racist government policies and no African Americans were voted into Congress.
What is the difference between the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments?
The 14th gave all freemen free public education and the 15th helped form slaves adjust to their new freedom.
The 14th freed all slaves and the 15th gave citizenship to all African Americans.
The 14th prevented African Americans from voting and the 15th abolished slavery
The 14th declared all persons born in the U.S as citizens and the 15th gave African American males the right to vote.
Congressional reconstruction ended in 1877 because
federal troops were removed from the South.
President Johnson was impeached.
the Fifteenth Amendment was ratified.
the Freedmen’s Bureau was dismantled.
Which of the following revolutionized American communications in the late 1800s?
the telegraph and telephone
refrigeration and sewing machines
steam engines and steamships
the radio and trains
All of the following characterized America’s large cities in the last decades of the 19th century EXCEPT:
Outbreaks of deadly diseases such as cholera and tuberculosis
Transportation was limited to the central business district
Poor treatment of water, sewage, and waste
Increasing segregation of social groups by income
All of the following contributed to the rise of big business EXCEPT:
Formation of monopolies
Horizontal and vertical consolidation
The Northern Securities decision of 1904
Laissez-faire economic policies
In the late nineteenth century, political machines such as Tammany Hall were successful primarily because:
They championed reforms that fought against crime in the slums.
They were free of internal corruption.
Machine politicians provided needed jobs to immigrants for their votes.
They put powerful “bosses” out of business.
During the late 1800s, children often worked in factories because
employers offered high wages to skilled children.
there were no public schools for children to attend.
families needed the income to survive.
their parents believed in the process of “natural selection.”
Which of the following was NOT TRUE of the American labor movement in the late 19th century?
A number of major strikes were defeated by business and government
Labor rights were protected by laws of Congress
Immigrants were often used as strikebreakers.
Some unions tried to organize both skilled and unskilled works
As a result of the Pullman Strike, for the next 30 years the government
tried to break up monopolies
denied recognition to unions
supported labor unions
outlawed collective bargaining
According to the theory of social Darwinism, what was the role of government in economic matters?
to enforce the Sherman Antitrust Act
to protect workers and consumers
to stay out of the affairs of business
to tax the profits of big business
The Dawes Act can best be described as
a policy designed to reverse the effects of assimilation forced upon Native Americans.
a get-rich quick scheme for United States Indian agents.
an attempt by the federal government to make Indian families self-supporting and create pride of ownership through land allocations.
a well organized effort by state governments to strip Native Americans of their land
Why were many new immigrants heading West in the mid to late 1800’s?
the opportunity to learn new languages
“land-grant” colleges
the climate on the plains
cheap land and new jobs
All of the following are examples of American Nativism EXCEPT:
Favored Chinese immigration on the West coast because it did not affect those who had jobs living in the East.
American workers accused immigrants of taking jobs away from “real” Americans.
Had deep-seated prejudices about immigrants based on ethnicity, religion, political and social beliefs.
Worked hard to restrict the number of immigrants entering the United States.
The building of the Panama Canal was important because it
helped stabilize the economies of Latin American countries.
promoted European investment in the United States.
improved relations between Colombia and the United States.
facilitated movement between Atlantic and Pacific ports.
As a result of the Spanish-American War
Puerto Rico became an unincorporated territory of the United States.
Cuba was divided into spheres of influence.
the Philippines became a Spanish colony.
the United States gained rights to the Panama Canal.
Which statement describes Imperialism?
the idea where Americans governed people in a parental way by providing their needs, but not giving them rights
Investors risked only the amount of their investments; they were not liable for any debts the corporation might accumulate beyond that
the poem that it was white people's "duty" to teach the rest of the world because they were better
The act of strong nations exerting their power over weaker nations, often gaining new colonies.
What does the 14th Amendment do?
Gives African-American males the right to vote
Grants equal citizenship and legal protection to African-Americans
Ends slavery in the United States
All of the choices
What does the 15th Amendment do?
Gives African-American males the right to vote
Grants equal citizenship and legal protection to African-Americans
Ends slavery in the United States
All of the choices
What was the Freedmen’s Bureau?
A Confederate agency who sought to intimidate African-Americans
A United States agency who sought to protect the legal rights and offer assistance to African-Americans
An agency of African-Americans who fought in the Civil War
A group of slave owners who united in order to reclaim their slave property
The Black Codes were created in many Southern states shortly following the Civil War. What were they?
A set of laws passed that guaranteed equal job opportunities for blacks and whites
A set of laws that allowed African-Americans to serve in a state’s legislature
A set of laws passed to keep African-Americans from having rights equal as whites
A set of laws that kept blacks in separate schools as whites
Which of the following describes a sharecropper?
A white southerner who supported Reconstruction in the South
A northerner who moved to the South to take advantage of the poor economic and political situation
A former confederate soldier who would terrorize and intimidate former slaves to keep inferior
A former slave who remained on the plantation and worked in exchange for food and shelter
Following the period of the Black Codes, laws were instituted known as “Jim Crow Laws.” What were these?
Laws that legally segregated whites and blacks in public places
Laws that prevented blacks from voting
Laws that demanded former slave owners to break up their plantations and give their land to former slaves
Laws that forced former slaves to stay living on plantations
-Rough Riders aid the U.S. military in achieving victory
-United States acquires Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines
The events above are related to which of the following?
After the Civil War, the purpose of adding the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the Constitution was to
grant civil and political rights to Native Americans
allow all women to become full citizens
guarantee African Americans equal treatment under the law
How did American farmers combat Big Business tyrants (Monopolies) in the late 1800s?
They passed a series of Granger laws in their state legislatures to regulate the railroads.
They held sit-ins and strike protests in Washington, D.C.
They started a rebellion in local towns, known as the Boxer Rebellion.
They enlisted lawmakers to enact Black Codes to control railroad rates and shipping companies.
What does the following picture relate to?
The sinking of the USS Maine by unrestricted submarine warfare during Spanish-American war.
The unexplained explosion of the USS Maine during the Spanish-American war.
The sinking of the Lusitania by unrestricted submarine warfare during the Spanish-American war
The unexplained explosion of the Lusitania during the Spanish-American war.
What effect did yellow journalism and the unexplained explosion of the USS Maine during the Spanish-American war, have on the American public?
Public opinion was swayed in favor of declaring war on Spain.
Public opinion was swayed against declaring war on Spain.
Congress ordered Americans to invest in guns and join the war effort.
Congress pleaded with the American people to forgive Spain.
What factor led to racial segregation or "The Jim Crow era" developing in the South?
President Abraham Lincoln encouraged White politicians to enact laws to restrict the civil liberties of African Americans.
Reconstruction failed to secure lasting rights for the newly freed men.
Most African Americans resented Southern whites from slavery and proposed establishing a racial divide in the South.
African Americans did not want Southern whites to enjoy the benefits of their inventions and innovations; so they chose to remain segregated.
Andrew Carnegie and Henry Bessemer were responsible for:
Reducing the cost of producing steel, allowing for mass production.
Reducing the cost of producing oil, allowing for mass production.
Increasing the cost of producing steel, restricting mass production.
Increasing the cost of producing oil, restricting mass production.
What did Lincoln's Reconstruction plan for the South consist of?
Leniency for the South to return to the Union; Admittance to outlaw slavery; and Swear an oath of loyalty to the Union
Harsh terms for the South to return to the Union; Admittance to outlaw slavery; and Swear an oath of loyalty to the Union
Indecisive terms for the South to return to the Union; Admittance to outlaw slavery; and Swear an oath of loyalty to the Union
Leniency for the South to return to the Union; Admittance to re-start slavery; and Swear an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy
What was the argument between the President and Congress during the Reconstruction era?
Congress believed the South needed to be punished severely for their actions; while the President believed in quickly reuniting the country.
The President believed the South needed to be punished severely for their actions; while Congress believed in quickly reuniting the country.
Congress believed the South needed to be destroyed and re-named for their actions; while the President believed in quickly reuniting the country.
Congress believed the South needed to be kept segregated using black codes; while the President believed in quickly reuniting the all races.
How did the Homestead Act of 1862 display the main concept behind "Manifest Destiny"?
Americans believed it was their God given right to expand west and the Government supported this idea through legislation granting cheap land.
Americans believed it was their God given right to expand North and the Government supported this idea through legislation granting cheap land.
Americans believed it was their God given right to expand East and the Government supported this idea through legislation granting cheap land.
Americans believed it was their God given right to expand South and the Government supported this idea through legislation granting cheap land.
How did railroads affect American society in the late 1800s?
Encouraged the growth of cities; provide new transportation; created a national market to buy and sell goods; improved communication
Encouraged the growth of cities; provide new medicine; created a national market to buy and sell goods; improved traffic congestion
Encouraged the growth of cities; limited new transportation; created a national market to buy and sell goods; improved communication
Encouraged the growth of cities; provide new transportation; created a local market to buy and sell goods; improved communication
Describe the Knights of Labor:
A Labor union that fought for the rights of all workers(African Americans, women, children, etc.) to have shorter workdays, better working environments, etc.
A Labor union that fought for the rights of White workers(men, women, children, etc.) to have shorter workdays, better working environments, etc.
A Labor union that fought for the rights of African American workers(men, women, children, etc.) to have shorter workdays, better working environments, etc.
A Labor union that fought for the rights of Asian workers(men, women, children, etc.) to have shorter workdays, better working environments, etc.
What rights were guaranteed to the newly freed men under congressional reconstruction?
13th amendment(abolishing slavery); 14th Amendment(establishing citizenship) and 15th Amendment(granting voting rights)
18th amendment(abolishing slavery); 19th Amendment(establishing citizenship) and 20th Amendment(granting voting rights)
10th amendment(abolishing slavery); 11th Amendment(establishing citizenship) and 12th Amendment(granting voting rights)
14th amendment(abolishing slavery); 15th Amendment(establishing citizenship) and 13th Amendment(granting voting rights)
What was the purpose of the Freedman's Bureau?
To assist newly freedmen with adjusting to life after slavery.
To assist newly freedmen with adjusting to life before slavery.
To assist newly freedmen with adjusting to debt peonage.
To assist newly freedmen with adjusting to Black codes.
What was the purpose of Southern whites establishing black codes?
To restrict the freedom of the newly freed African Americans
To restrict the civil rights of the newly freed African Americans
To improve the civil rights of the newly freed African Americans
To restrict the freedom of the newly freed Asian Americans
How did the system of share cropping and debt peonage affect African Americans in the South?
African Americans were trapped back into a system similar to fruit harvesting, due to accruing debt that could never be repaid.
African Americans were released from a system similar to slavery due to accruing debt that could never be repaid.
African Americans were trapped back into a system similar to slavery, due to accruing debt that could never be repaid.
African Americans were introduced into a system similar to farming, due to accruing debt that could never be repaid.
What was the goal behind Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation?
Lincoln wanted to free slaves in the Union states; In hopes of gaining more supporters for the war
Lincoln wanted to free slaves in the Confederate states; In hopes of gaining more supporters for the war
Lincoln wanted to free slaves in all Northern states; In hopes of gaining more supporters for the war
Lincoln wanted to free slaves in all Southern states; In hopes of gaining more supporters for the war
Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall are examples of:
Political Machines- A form of controlling public transportation, through illegal elections.
Political Machines- A form of controlling public education, through illegal elections.
Political Machines- A form of controlling local governments, through illegal elections.
Political Machines- A form of controlling local businesses, through illegal elections.
Which f the following best describes the Gilded Age
the discovery of gold fields in the west led to an increase in the amount of money issued for circulation
Industrialists used their connections with corrupt government officials for material gain and political power
In Deep South a sharp increase in immigration brought a boom in construction and industry
Small, family owned farms were bought and consolidated to form large agricultural corporations.
What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine during the age of Imperialism?
To prevent the influence of European countries in Latin America
To encourage the influence of European countries in Latin America
To monitor the influence of European countries in Latin America
To prevent the influence of Asian countries in Latin America
What was the purpose of Roosevelt's Big Stick policy?
To exert American influence in the age of Imperialism; through the policy of maintaining and showcasing a strong military
To exert Asian influence in the age of Imperialism; through the policy of maintaining and showcasing a strong military
To exert American influence in the age of Imperialism; through the policy of maintaining and showcasing a strong economy
To exert African influence in the age of Imperialism; through the policy of maintaining and showcasing a strong military
What was the idea behind the Roosevelt Corollary?
The United States would serve as an international spokesman for the Caribbean and Latin American affairs
The United States would serve as an international policeman or guard for the Caribbean and Latin American affairs
The United States would serve as an international adviser for the Caribbean and Latin American affairs
The United States would serve as an international shipper for the Caribbean and Latin American affairs
Select ALL challenges faced by farmers in the late 1800s.
Debt accrued from machinery purchases; land maintenance; and economic struggles
Extremely high rates charge by Railroad and grain elevator businesses
Overproduction causing a reduction of crop prices
Lack of soil, water and sun during the Great windstorm of 1883
Why did President Roosevelt enact the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
To make business fair by attacking and breaking up bad trusts, he felt were destroying the economy
To make business fair by attacking and breaking up Good trusts, he felt were destroying the economy
To make business fair by encouraging and maintaining bad trusts, he felt were destroying the economy
To make business fair by improving and breaking up Good trusts, he felt were destroying the economy
What did the acquisition of new overseas territories and victory in the Spanish-American war signify for the United States?
The United States demonstrated and solidified its position as a world protectorate
The United States demonstrated and solidified its position as a world publicist
The United States demonstrated and solidified its position as a world pusher
The United States demonstrated and solidified its position as a world power
Describe Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy.
Wilson favored a moral approach to foreign affairs; desiring peace
Wilson favored an aggressive approach to foreign policy; desiring to maintain a strong military
Wilson favored a calm approach to foreign policy; desiring to maintain close relationships
Wilson favored an aggressive approach to foreign policy; desiring to declare war on larger nations
Describe Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy.
Roosevelt favored an aggressive approach to foreign policy; desiring to maintain a strong military
Roosevelt favored a calm approach to foreign policy; desiring to maintain a strong military
Roosevelt favored a moral approach to foreign policy; desiring to improve foreign relationships
Roosevelt favored an aggressive approach to foreign policy; desiring to reduce military
Describe William Taft's foreign policy.
Taft favored a moral approach to foreign affairs; desiring peace
Taft favored an aggressive approach to foreign affairs; desiring to maintain a strong military
Taft favored an economic approach to foreign affairs; desiring to enact Dollar diplomacy
Taft favored an aggressive approach to foreign affairs; desiring to declare war on larger nations
Carpetbaggers are described as:
Northerners who journeyed South during Reconstruction to help the newly freed men and for economic opportunities
Southerners who journeyed North during Reconstruction to help the newly freed men and for economic opportunities
Northerners who journeyed South during Reconstruction to attack the newly freed men and for economic opportunities
Southerners who journeyed North during Reconstruction to attack the newly freed men and for economic opportunities
What was the desired goal of the Interstate Commerce Commision
Aid farmers by regulating Railroad rates
Aid farmers by regulating milk prices
Aid farmers by regulating bank interest rates
Aid farmers by regulating local elections
Which measure was passed to offer free or cheap land to farm in the western US in an attempt to expand?
Dawes Act
Sharecropping Act
Pickney Treaty
Homestead Act
Which law was passed as an attempt to assimilate Native Americans, or make them more like white Americans?
Homestead Act
Klan Act
Dawes Act
Steel Act
What was the immediate effect of the Fourteenth Amendment?
Former enslaved African Americans became citizens.
Southern slaves were freed.
Segregation was instituted in the South.
All male citizens could vote.
What was one immediate goal of Reconstruction?
to bring African Americans and whites together
to rejoin the North and South
to institute segregation
to encourage sharecropping
Why did children work in factories in the late 1800s?
The law required children to work at a certain age.
Families needed the additional income.
Factories kept schools on site.
Their jobs included benefits.
The railroad industry stimulated the rapid growth of suburbs by
building subways to make it easier to get around in the city.
increasing safety with the invention of air brakes.
making it possible to commute to and from cities.
establishing time zones.
Which of the following was a downside of industrialization?
higher wages
more housing
more pollution and waste
fewer jobs
The Interstate Commerce Commission was the first federal body to
make laws restricting trade.
monitor business operations.
subsidize labor union activity.
prosecute trusts that harmed trade.
Which of the following dominated the steel industry by gaining control of all phases in the development of steel?
Andrew Carnegie
J. P. Morgan
John D. Rockefeller
Cornelius Vanderbilt
The transcontinental railroad was completed
using mostly Indian labor.
under harsh conditions for many Chinese and Irish laborers.
before the end of the Civil War.
despite the protests of the U.S. government.
The Dawes General Allotment Act of 1887
granted 160-acre farmsteads to Indian families.
forced Indians to live on reservations.
encouraged Indians to live on reservations.
voided all previous treaties between Indians and the U.S. government.
The ultimate goal of the Dawes General Allotment Act was the
strengthening of the reservations system.
assimilation of Indians into white culture.
relocation of Indians to the Rocky Mountains.
celebration of traditional Native American cultures.
Which of the following took advantage of the fact that African Americans were denied the vote before 1866?
literacy tests
understanding tests
grandfather clauses
poll taxes
The Gilded Age refers to an era of
prosperity and reform.
corruption and materialism.
war and reconstruction.
expansion and industrialization.
Jim Crow laws were enacted in order to
keep British goods out of American ports.
undermine the rights of Chinese immigrant workers.
limit the amount of money plaintiffs could be awarded in punitive damages.
keep African Americans and whites segregated.
In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that
literacy tests were unconstitutional.
Jim Crow laws did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment.
"separate but equal" facilities are inherently unequal.
African Americans should be allowed to vote.
The reformers at Hull House
resisted Americanization efforts.
traveled around the nation preaching the Social Gospel.
deterred women from pursuing careers outside the home.
provided day-care, kindergarten, and adult classes for the urban poor.
In March 1911, many workers at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory died in a fire because
managers had locked most of the exits.
the factory did not have windows.
the fire resulted from a sudden explosion and spread too quickly.
the fire department did not respond to the emergency.
W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington
differed in their opinions on the rights of African Americans.
differed in the ways in which they thought African Americans should work for recognition of their rights.
both urged African Americans to demand immediately all the rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
both believed vocational education was more important for African Americans than a liberal arts education.
Why did President Theodore Roosevelt push Congress to pass the National Reclamation Act?
to support private claims to natural resources
to protect forestland from the lumber industry
to manage water distribution in western lands
to preserve wilderness lands in untouched condition
In which way did Jacob Riis work for social reform?
by preaching the Social Gospel
by establishing settlement houses
by photographing tenement buildings where the urban poor lived
by writing naturalist novels about the miserable living and working conditions of immigrants
What role did Americanization play in the work of some Progressives?
Progressives learned the native languages and traditions of immigrants.
Progressive reformers united around the need to welcome immigrants.
Many reformers encouraged immigrants to give up their traditional customs.
Americanization drew a diverse group of reformers into the Progressive Movement.
The Nineteenth Amendment, which Congress approved in June 1919,
made it illegal for employers to discriminate against women.
put an end to prohibition.
gave women the right to vote.
forced schools to look at racial background when accepting students.
The Yellow Press was a
new form of printer's ink.
disease similar to malaria that plagued construction of the Panama Canal.
form of journalism that used sensational headlines and exaggerated stories.
group of lawmakers that opposed U.S. imperialism.
Which was a slogan used by the U.S. public to urge war against Spain?
"Cuba Libre!"
"Remember the Maine!"
"Fire when Ready!"
"Down with Spain!"
"Dollar diplomacy" advocated
investing by Americans in businesses and banks throughout Central America and the Caribbean.
promoting human rights, national integrity, and opportunity.
helping U.S. neighbors by giving them money for development.
sending foreign aid and encouraging trade ties between countries.
In the 1880s and 1890s, U.S. planters gained power in Hawaii through
military conquest.
participation in local elections.
passage of a U.S. constitutional amendment.
pressure on the king and the overthrow of the queen.
Raw materials such as iron, tea, and rubber interested European imperialist nations because the nations could
decrease their world power.
turn them into goods in their factories.
sell them to other colonies.
trade them to the United States.
