Louis XIV’s absolute power resulted from

Throughout his empire, King Philip II of Spain was a great supporter of

This fleet of warships was the pride of Spain.

Peter the Great wanted to do which of the following?

__________________ believed that people were born evil and need a strict monarch to have absolute power over his subjects.

__________________ believed that civilizations corrupted man.

_________________ influenced the Declaration of Independence and the English Bill of Rights.

_________________ believed in the separation of powers in government.

Which statement best describes the beliefs of the Enlightenment thinkers?

In which part of the world did the Enlightenment begin?

What is Rene Descartes known as the "father of modern philosophy"?

What did John Locke consider a government's most important duty?

John Locke's ideas were considered radical because he

Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.--That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government.... Thomas Jefferson (Declaration of Independence)

1. The excerpt above illustrates which key Enlightenment idea?

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson (Declaration of Independence)

2. The excerpt above illustrates which key Enlightenment idea?

For each of the following examples say if it is an example or non-example of Absolutism.

Like King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella before him, King Phillip II of Spain centralized royal power, making all parts of the government responsible to him. He had complete authority over the government and the lives of the people during his reign from 1556 to 1598. He believed that his authority to rule came directly from God. As a result he saw himself as the guardian of the Catholic Church and made it his personal responsibility to defend the Catholic Reformation. He used his control of the Spanish army and navy to impose the Inquisition against Protestants and heretics. Without representation, the small middle class was heavily taxed by Phillip to fund his wars and build the Armada.

For each of the following examples say if it is an example or non-example of Absolutism.

After a journey to Western Europe, Peter the Great decided to modernize Russia. To impose his will he became the most autocratic of Europe’s monarchs, believing that his right to rule as Tsar came from God. He centralized his power and brought all Russians under his control, including the Russian Orthodox Church. Peter forced the most powerful nobles, known as boyars, to serve in either the military or state government. Peasants and serfs were required to become soldiers or work on roads, canals, and other government projects. He improved the technology, education and the military of Russia, but in the process tortured and executed thousands of people who challenged his power from 1682 to 1725.

For each of the following examples say if it is an example or non-example of Absolutism.

In 1689 King William and Queen Mary became the monarchs of England. Before they were crowned, they accepted the English Bill of Rights which required the monarchy to work with Parliament to govern the country. The monarchs were required to regularly call on Parliament to meet and lost their power to suspend laws. The responsibility of coordinating the country’s finances and power to tax were given to the lower house of Parliament, known as the House of Commons.

Natural rights can also be called:

What is absolutism?