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WorksheetsEnviro Change & Manage Ch2.1-2.10
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins
The proportion of Earth's surface that today is considered 'wild' is:
3%
10%
25%
33%
The number of animal and plant species that become extinct each year due to human activity is in the order of:
Hundreds
Thousands
Tens of Thousands
Hundreds of Thousands
The three main categories of environmental change are:
Changes to air, land and sea
Human induced change, natural change, hybrid change
Long term, medium term and short term change
Reversible change, irreversible change, transient change
The biome that has been altered most drastically by human population growth over the past two centruies has been:
Ocean
Mountain
Forest
Plains
The percentage of the world's original forest cover that remains intact today is closest to:
3%
10%
25%
33%
Salinity due to overuse of land for agriculture mainly affects:
Vegetation Cover
Soil fertility
Precipitation
Infiltration of water
Which types gas has damaged the capacity of the atmosphere to regulate the Earth's temperature?
CFCs
Ozone
Greenhouse Gases
Oxygen
The purpose of the Ozone Layer is to:
Shield the Earth's surface from ultraviolet radiation
Trap heat from solar radiation to keep the Earth's surface warm
Reflect solar energy
Form rainclouds
Globally, what percentage of accessible fresh water (from rivers, lakes & aquifers) is used for agriculture?
3%
30%
70%
97%
What has caused these trees in Wales to die?
Overuse of underground water supplies
Salinity
Nuclear contamination from powerplants
Acid rain from nearby steel manufacturing plants
Sandstorms, such as the one shown from Sudan, are the result of:
Changing wind patterns due to global warming
The clearing of too much natural vegetation to create farmland
The overuse of underground water sources (aquifers)
The destruction of the Ozone Layer
Land degradation affects approximately what percentage of the world's total land area?
5%
10%
25%
50%
What percentage of the world's farmland is affected by land degradation?
12%
28%
38%
63%
The number of humans directly affected by land degradation is around:
110 million
780 million
1.23 billion
1.50 billion
How does land degradation contribute to climate change?
It does not - it is caused by climate change.
Degraded land holds less carbon
Degraded land reflects more solar energy back into the atmosphere
Degraded land releases more dust in to the air
Land degradation is defined as a loss of
Soil fertility
Soil moisture
Soil Vegetation
Soil pH balance
The most significant cause of land degradation in Australia is due to:
'Slash and burn' farming practices
Water erosion doe to high rainfall
Salinity due to overclearing of vegetation
Overuse of chemical fertilizers for farming
Soil erosion is normally caused by
Rivers & Rain
Glaciers & Wind
The movement of water and air (driven by solar energy)
All other answers are correct
The loss of topsoil over a large area is known as :
Strip mining
Soil Planing
Gully Erosion
Sheet Erosion
Gully erosion is mainly caused by:
Water
Wind
Ice
Salt
Ecosystem decline, when combined with decline in soil quality, leads to:
Desertification
Ecosystem collapse
Salinity
Erosion
Gully erosion affects which area of Australia?
All over
North
South West
South East
Which of the following gases is NOT linked to chnages in the temperature of the atmosphere?
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Sulphur Dioxide
Oxygen
Approximately how many people die each year due to air pollution?
3.5 million
4.3 million
7.8 million
1.8 million
The main source of indoor air pollution is:
Smoking
Decomposition of wooden buildings
Burning of fuel for cooking and heating
Air flowing in from outdoors
Which of these is not listed as a main source of outdoor air pollution in your textbook?
Powr plant emissions
Smoking
Fires
Traffic Exhaust
Air pollution across the developed world is
Increasing
Remaining Constant
Declining
Which regions are experiencing a decline in air quality due to pollution?
All countries
Developing World
Developed World
OECD nations
Currently the cheapest and most reliable source of energy is:
Nuclear
Solar
Fossil Fuel
Hydro
Air pollution is fundamentally being caused by (underlying cause):
Generation of electricity
Industrialisation of Developed Countries
Population Growth
Climate Change
What percentage of cities in the developing world have dangerous rates of air pollution?
100%
98%
76%
1%
Half the world's most polluted (air) cities are located in:
China
USA
Europe
India
Approximately how many Indians die prematurely each yeardue to the effects of air pollution?
500,000
3,500,000
4,300,000
7,800,000
The main source of electricity generation in India is:
Oil
Coal
Nuclear
Solar
Australia exports approximately how much coal to India each year?
47 million tonnes
138 million tonnes
560 million tonnes
2,430,000 million tonnes
Currently, the Ozone layer is:
Declining rapidly
Declining slowly
In a stale state
Recovering
The area of the Earth where Ozone loss is most concerning is located:
Around the equator
At the polar caps
Above Antarctica
At around 30 degrees north and south of the equator
In 1987 an international agreement banned the use of which gas?
Chemicals used in aerosols and refrigirators
Greenhouse Gases
Sulphur Dioxide
Ozone
Ozone levels in the atmosphere are expected to return to 1980 levels by the year:
2020
2030
2050
2080
Inland water sources are critical to humans beacuse:
They have been degraded more than other environments
They are our main source of fresh, clean water
They make up a majority of water resources
They are very fragile ecosystems
What percentage of fresh water extracted from aquifers, rivers and lakes in Australia is used for farming?
3%
10%
30%
70%
What proportion of the world's largest rivers have been altered by damming?
1/4
1/3
1/2
2/3
Which of these is NOT a reason dams are damaging river environments?
Dams disrupt the natural flow of the river, flooding some areas that should not be flooded and preventing flooding in some areas that should be flooded.
Damming disrupts ecosystem services such as the provision of fresh water, fertile soil and food production.
Dams disrupt the natural interaction between river and the sea by reducing the amount of nutrients, sediment and water that flows through to the sea.
Dams introduce toxins and pathogens into the water.
Examples of pollutants that enter rivers due to farming activities include:
Sediments
Sediments and Pathogens
Sedminates and Nutrients
Sediments, nutrients, pathogens and toxic chemicals
Lake Chad is a textbook example of which type of environmental degradation?
Climate change and population growthcombining and leading to the lake drying out
Industrial pollution causing toxic heavy metal levels
Nutrient pollution from surrounding farms leading to algal blooms
Sediment buildup causing death of underwater vegetation
Which human modification of river systems is used to create a water reservoir for hydroelectric power, irrigation and otehr human uses of water?
Barrage
Aquifer
Lake
Dam
The number of large dams currently in the world is:
Under 100
Around 1000
Over 50,000
Around 2 million
The country that has the largest number of 'large dams' (around half the world's total) is:
Japan
USA
China
Germany
The largest dam in the world, measured by capacity to geenrate hydroelectric power, is:
China's Three Gorges Dam
Brazil's Itaipu Dam
The USA's Hoover Dam
Egypt's Aswan Dam
Which of these statements best describes the negative environmental impact of dams?
There is no significant environmental impact of dams.
Dams have a signficant environmental impact downstream.
Dams have a signficant environmental impact upstream.
Dams have a signficant environmental impact downstream, both upstream and downstream.
Which of these is a downstream environmental impact of dams? (felt downstream of the dam)
Heavy erosion of river banks
Sediment buildup
Rotting vegetation releasing greenhouse gas
Chemical contamination
Approximately what number of people lack access to safe drinking water globally?
None
Less than one million
Around 55 million
Around 1 billion
'Gross Pollutants', such as litter, cigarette butts and packaging, are classified as:
Point Source Chemical
Sediment
Physical
Pathogenic
Which type of pollutatnt is regarded as a 'double threat' due to its ability to carry other pollutants along with it?
Sediment
Chemical
Pathogen
Nutrient
Salt is a major contaminant in the Swan River. This is considered a:
Point source chemical pollutant
Point source nutrient pollutant
Non-point source chemical pollutant
Non-point source pathogen pollutant
Which of the following is most associated with pathogen (biological) pollutants?
Chemical fertiliser containing nitrogen and phosphorous
Grass Clippings
Human and Animal Waste
Heavy Metals such as cadmium and lead
The 'four S's' that describe the functions the natural environment plays are:
Service, Spiritual, Sink, Scrub
Spiritural, Sink, Scale, Sustainability
Sustainability, Service, Source, Sustainance
Service, Sink, Source, Spiritual
What number of people across the world eat fish daily?
1 billion
2 billion
3 billion
4 billion
The Atlantic Cod is an example of a food resource that is:
Being managed in a sustainable manner
Not being fully exploited by humans
Now extinct due to over fishing
Being fished at unsustainable levels
In terms of biodiversity, the impact of humans is best summarised as:
Negligable (little to no impact)
Minimal (some minor impact)
Significant
The most significant underlying cause of loss of biodiversity is:
Human impact on the environment
Climate Change
The spread of invasive species
Pollution of land, sea and water
