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Sediments & Coastal Processes

Total questions: 36

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Sediments that originate from organisms are called

a)

Lithogenous

b)

Biogenous

c)

Hydrogenous

d)

Cosmogenous

2.

You have arrived at a coast with sea stacks, cliffs, and small pocket beaches. What type of coast is this?

a)

Erosional

b)

Depositional

c)

Isostatic

d)

Remnant

3.

If I river delta is to grow in size, _________ must exceed _________.

a)

Erosion, deposition

b)

Deposition, erosion

c)

Eustatic processes, tectonic processes

d)

Primary processes, secondary processes

4.

What type of coast has wide sandy beaches that you can drive on?

a)

Erosional

b)

Depositional

c)

Isostatic

d)

Remnant

e)

Eustatic

5.

Sediments are classified by size based on their ________.

a)

Diameter

b)

Length

c)

Weight

6.

Continental shelf sedimentation is strongly controlled by what?

a)

Tides, waves, and currents

b)

Human beings

c)

The effect of oozes

7.

The rate of continental shelf sedimentation is generally __________ deep ocean sedimentation

a)

Faster than

b)

Slower than

c)

Equal to

d)

Dependent upon

8.

Ocean sediments are economically important if:

a)

They can be easily mined

b)

They are found as nodules

c)

They are found in very deep water

d)

The cost of mining is less than the economic value of the sediment

9.

An evaporite _______.

a)

Settles to the seafloor to be mined

b)

Forms when water evaporates and leaves it behind

c)

Forms when deep ocean sediments are uplifted

d)

Falls from the atmosphere

10.

_______ coasts form from processes not directly related to the ocean.

a)

Active

b)

Passive

c)

Primary

d)

Secondary

11.

_______ coasts are formed by marine action

a)

Active

b)

Passive

c)

Primary

d)

Secondary

12.

Select all that apply


Coasts formed by sedimentation include:

a)

Volcanic islands

b)

Estuaries

c)

Deltas

d)

Fault coasts

13.

Select all that apply


Coasts formed by volcanic activity include:

a)

Volcanic islands

b)

Estuaries

c)

Deltas

d)

Fault coasts

14.

Select all that apply


Coasts formed by tectonic activity include:

a)

Volcanic islands

b)

Estuaries

c)

Deltas

d)

Fault coasts

15.

What forces help form secondary coasts?

a)

Land based erosion

b)

Marine life

c)

Volcanic activity

d)

Tectonic activity

16.

Scientists think that wave erosion coasts form

a)

As wave energy focuses on protruding areas

b)

As waves form coral reefs

c)

A lack of waves in certain areas

d)

None of these

17.

Scientists think marine deposition coasts form as a result of...

a)

Oceans carrying sediments to deep water

b)

Accumulation of sediments in one place

c)

Marine organism deposits

d)

None of these

18.

Marine organisms build coasts by

a)

Moving sediment

b)

Creating waves

c)

Triggering volcanic activity

d)

None of these

19.

What section of the beach is found between the high tide and low tide mark?

a)

Barrier flat

b)

Backshore

c)

Foreshore

d)

Offshore

20.

Select all that apply


What factors affect shape and appearance of a beach?

a)

Sediment grain size

b)

Wave energy

c)

Beach slope

d)

Inland vegetation

21.

What is a coastal cell?

a)

A weather pattern

b)

A submarine canyon

c)

Another name for longshore drift

d)

Local area with no net sand gain or loss

22.

What part of a coral polyp creates the structure of the coral reef?

a)

The external skeleton

b)

Fecal waste

c)

Coral sand

d)

All of these choices

23.

What type of reef has a lagoon between it and the main coast?

a)

Fringing reef

b)

Barrier reef

c)

Atoll

d)

All of these reefs

24.

A ______ protrudes perpendicular to the coast to protect a harbor

a)

Jetty

b)

Seawall

c)

Breakwater

d)

Groin

25.

A ____ creates an artificial calm water lagoon

a)

Jetty

b)

Breakwater

c)

Groin

d)

Seawall

26.

What is beach renourishment?

a)

Feeding the beach organisms by adding sand

b)

Transporting sand away from where it will erode anyways

c)

Transporting in sand to replace erosion

d)

None of these

27.

What problems are associated with building structures to protect coastlines?

a)

Blocking longshore drift

b)

Causing unnatural sand depletion and accumulation

c)

Increasing erosion

d)

All of these

28.

What is the best solution to the problems created by human coastal structures?

a)

Increased funding for renourishment

b)

New technology to counter natural processes

c)

Totally abandoning coastal living

d)

None of the above

29.

Select all that apply


What forces form primary coasts?

a)

Land based erosion

b)

Volcanic activity

c)

Tectonic activity

d)

Marine life

30.

Select all that apply


Sand comes from ________

a)

Meteor showers

b)

Digest waste of organisms

c)

Wave erosion of the shoreline

d)

Inland sources that are carried to the ocean by streams and rivers

31.

Choose all that apply


A barrier island has 5 main features that include

a)

A barrier flat

b)

A lagoon

c)

A tombolo

d)

An ocean beach

32.

Choose all that apply


Mangroves affect the coast by

a)

Absorbing wave energy

b)

Holding sediment in place

c)

Generating backwash

d)

Creating tombolos

33.

To examine the past with stratigraphy scientists study sediment layers to look for clues about compositions fossils and more

a)

True

b)

False

34.

A spit forms when longshore current turns a corner into a relatively calm water of a bay

a)

True

b)

False

35.

A tombolo forms when a large wave piles sediments between islands or the mainland and an island

a)

True

b)

False

36.

Scientists think ferromanganese and phosphorite nodules form from biological processes

a)

True

b)

False

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