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Evolution & DNA

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Fredrick Griffith's experiments concluded that

a)

material can be transferred to different forms

b)

proteins are the genetic material

c)

bacteria don't kill mice

d)

the structure of DNA is a double helix

2.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
3.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
4.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
5.
The enzyme that attaches the complimentary base pairs to the original strand of DNA is called
a)
helicase
b)
polymerase
c)
replicase
d)
synthase
6.
DNA is copied during
a)
Translation
b)
Transcription
c)
Reproduction
d)
Replication
7.
Which process is used to make mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus?
a)
transcription
b)
translation
c)
replication 
8.
One difference between DNA and RNA is that....
a)
Only RNA has the base Uracil
b)
only RNA contains the base Thymine
c)
only RNA contains the base Cytocine
d)
only RNA contained the base Guanine
9.
A triplet of mRNA is called a
a)
codon
b)
anticodon
c)
amino acid
d)
peptide bond
10.
_______ is made during transcription and ________ is made during translation.
a)
mRNA / a protein
b)
a protein / mRNA
c)
Ribosome / Nucleus
d)
mRNA / tRNA
11.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)
nucleic acid
c)
cholesterol
d)
fatty acid
12.

Which of the following is the sugar found in DNA?

a)

Ribose

b)

Maltose

c)

Deoxyribose

d)

Amylose

13.

Central dogma is the flow of information

a)

from RNA to DNA to proteins

b)

from DNA to RNA to proteins

c)

from proteins to RNA to DNA

d)

from DNA to proteins to RNA

14.
Which process is used to copy DNA in the nucleus?
a)
replication
b)
transcription
c)
translation
15.

What is the building block of proteins?

a)

Monosacchrides

b)

Polysaccharides

c)

amino acids

d)

Triglycerides

16.

The purpose of tRNA is to

a)

tell mRNA what to do

b)

help create a new strand of RNA

c)

give a ride to the amino acid

d)

help create a new strand of DNA

17.

The scientists credited for the discovery of the structure of DNA are

a)

Mendel and Griffith

b)

Avery and Chargaff

c)

Hershey and Chase

d)

Watson and Crick

18.

The backbone of DNA is made of

a)

hydrogen and sugar

b)

sugar and phosphate

c)

nitrogenous bases

d)

nucleotides

19.

An environmental factor that causes a change in a sequence of DNA is a

a)

mutagen

b)

point mutation

c)

frameshift mutation

d)

cancer

20.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
21.
The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n)
a)
change
b)
adaption
c)
species
d)
variation
22.
which of the folllowing is an exammple of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the wings of an ostrich
23.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
24.
What is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits?
a)
natural selection
b)
inheritance
c)
artificial selection
d)
descent withOUT modification
25.

Natural selection could not occur without

a)

geographic isolation

b)

variation in the population

c)

stable environments

d)

competition for unlimited resources

26.
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
a)
To look different from other species.
b)
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
c)
To protect itself against predators.
d)
To protect itself against prey.
27.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
28.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 
a)
have the ability to interbreed.
have the ability to interbreed.
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse.
c)
all eat the same type of food.
d)
descended from a common ancestor.
29.

The difference between a law and a theory in science is that

a)

a law has more evidence than a theory

b)

a law describes what happens and a theory describes why it happened

c)

a theory describes what happens and a law describes why it happened

d)

there is no difference between them

30.

Carl Linnaeus is famous for

a)

his discovery of DNA

b)

his experiments with bacteria

c)

his theory of evolution

d)

his classification system

31.
An example of an analogous structure includes:
a)
wing of a butterfly and bird wing
b)
bird wing and human arm
c)
rat appendix and human appendix
32.
What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?
a)
Their feathers 
b)
Genotypes 
c)
Their beaks
d)
Their body sizes
33.

Natural selection could not occur without

a)

artificial selection

b)

gradual warming of Earth

c)

competition for resources

d)

variation in a population

34.
All rabbits living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)
a)
population
b)
species
c)
fossil
d)
individual organism
35.
a bird that can easily outcompete other birds for food and that can produce many eggs has a high
a)
life expectancy
b)
mutation rate
c)
fitness
d)
adaptability
36.
Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are
a)
heritable
b)
new
c)
mutated 
d)
better than the best
37.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
38.

In natural selection, overproduction means

a)

too many species in one area

b)

more offspring than can survive

c)

too much food for a population

d)

too many differences in a species

39.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
40.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG

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