Why is it extremely important to exercise caution

when using balling guns, dose syringes, and stomach

tube in cattle?

You are taking the heart rate of a cat. If you count

10 beats in 5 seconds, what is the rate in beats per

minute?

What is the underlying cause of icterus?

Which types of syringe tips are needed to attach to

10fr Red Rubber tubes?

Ketosis in dairy cows may result from a primary

deficiency of _____ intake or may be secondary to

other diseases that cause _____.

Which of the following is characterized as droopy

eyelids, protruding nictitans, and miosis?

What vessel of the equine is palpable for the pulse

rate?

Which of the following bovine vaccinations can

cause zoonotic disease if accidentally injected?

When gavage feeding parrots you should ensure

that your feeding tube extends to the level of

What amount of diluent would you need to make 50

mL of a 10% solution from a stock solution of

80%?

Coggins is the test for what Equine disease?

A 4 year old Labrador Retriever with a heart rate of

160 has

You are asked to prepare 20 mEq of KCl for addition

to a 1-L bag of lactated Ringer solution. The

solution contains 30 mEq/15 ml. How much should

you draw into a syringe to add to the fluid bag?

The respective gestation periods of a rabbit, guinea

pig, and mouse are

In what species is scrotal circumference, rather than

a sperm count using a hemocytometer, used to estimate

sperm count?

If you are giving IV fluids using an IV set that delivers

10 drops/ml and you set the drip rate at 15

drips/minute, how much fluid will be delivered in 4

hours?

How long after birth does gut closure typically occur

in calves and foals? (when protective maternal

antibodies can no longer be absorbed from the gut

to the bloodstream)

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is transmitted by

Which animal is most vulnerable to severe spinal

cord damage when handled improperly?

A 15 year old, 40 lb Corgi is 7% dehydrated. You

are instructed to administer fluids equal to the

deficit over then next 24 hours. How high should

you set the fluid pump?

Which choice correctly lists the four core vaccines

for dogs?

Which parasites can infect puppies through the

dam's milk?

If a dog has flaccid paresis, what is the problem?

Appropriate blood collection sites in tortoises include

the jugular vein and

If an IV set dispenses 60 drops/ml, what is the IV

drip rate (drops per minute) needed to give a cat 300 ml of Lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) over 6

hours?

You and the vet are called to a dairy farm at 4 a.m.

for a “prolapse". What kind of problem is this likely

to be?

In rabbits organism causes “walking dandruff”?

While examining a high-producing dairy cow that

is off-feed, the vet puts her stethoscope on the left

side in a line between the left elbow and the cow's

hip bones and starts flicking her fingers against the

side of the cow while listening to the stethoscope.

What is she listening for?

Which animal cannot normally regurgitate or vomit?

Feline injection site sarcomas are primarily linked

with which two vaccines?

A 12-year-old Warmblood mare has been sedated

intravenously with a combination of xylazine and

butorphanol for dental evaluation because she has

been dropping feed.

You listen to the heart immediately after sedation

and note a heart rate of 20 beats per minute [Normal

= 28-44 bpm] with an occasional “dropped”

beat; the horse is standing quietly.

What is the most appropriate action to take next?

Which of the following choices is a common cause

of the Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern? (Fast

breathing, then slowing down, then no breathing,

then cycle starts again)

How many mL of a 50:50 mixture of diazepam

and ketamine at a dose of 1mL/20lb should be administered

to an 8 lb cat?

The endotracheal tube should not be inflated in

birds because:

Which drug is a dissociative anesthetic?

A 10-year-old dog has been anesthetized for removal

of a skin tumor and is now maintained on

2% isoflurane. The anesthetist observes that its respirations

are 8/min and shallow, its heart rate is 80

beats/min, its pupils are centrally positioned, its jaw

tone is slack, and all of its reflexes are absent. This

animal is in what stage and plane of anesthesia?

Hypothermia

Compared to Isoflurane the inhaled anesthetic

Sevoflurane has

What is a common side effect seen in the horse to

opioid administration?

If a 30 lb dog was held on anesthesia at an oxygen

flow rate of 700 ml/min and the surgery lasted 1.5

hours, what is the total volume of oxygen used during

the surgery?

When an endotracheal tube is being inserted in a

horse, the animal should be in

What is the main purpose of the scavenger on the

anesthetic machine?

If propofol is given to a patient too rapidly, it may

cause

An abnormally elevated central venous pressure

developing during anesthesia and surgery may indicate

While ruminants are recovering from anesthesia,

they should be placed in _____ recumbency to minimize

_____.

Tidal volume for a dog is 15 ml/kg. If a 10 kg male

dog is taking 10 breaths per minute, what is his

minute volume?

Which anesthetic breathing system has the lowest

fresh gas flow rate during maintenance of anesthesia?

Which of the following is the most correct description

of multi-modal analgesia?

To prepare a dose of 0.2 mg of atropine using a

solution that contains 400 ug/mL, how much do you

draw into the syringe?

Which choice is often used in combination with

ketamine or thiopental to induce anesthesia in horses?

Which choice indicates that the soda lime granules

in a CO2 absorbent canister have become exhausted?

Which two drugs are contraindicated in animals

with a history of seizures?

What side effect is often seen in horses tranquilized

with acepromazine?

How many mL will you draw up to administer 25

units of epoetin (2000 units/mL)?

Prednisone should not be given with:

Which antibiotic will cause the enamel of teeth to

yellow in a young animal?

The safety margin between effective and toxicity is

called what?

What drug is used to return a mare to proestrus

from diestrus through lysis of the corpus luteum?

Scooter, a 13-year-old miniature schnauzer, has

arrested under anesthesia for routine dentistry. You

run to the crash cart and grab what you know to be

the drug of choice for cardiac arrest, which is

Methocarbamol is labeled as an adjunctive therapy

for

Which drug is exclusively against cestode parasites?

What vein is commonly used for IV injections in

Horses?

The NSAID that is extremely toxic to cats is

How many cc of 5% Ultra-mycin should you give

PO for 44 lb. dog, if the dose is 50 mg/kg?

A calf with pinkeye is being treated with an injection

of long acting oxytetracycline. The calf weighs 100 lbs and the dose is 10mg/kg. How many milligrams

will be needed for one dose?

Why are most antibiotics contraindicated in rabbits

and hamsters?

The drug maropitant is best categorized as an

Diuresis is best defined as

What is one of the most common long-term problems

associated using glucocorticoids like prednisolone

in dogs?

A cat that weighs 11 lb (5 kg) is prescribed antibiotics

at a dosage of 0.2 mg/lb (0.44 mg/kg). The

medication is available only in 2 mg tablets. How

many tablets should the cat receive in a single dose?

Rochester Carmalt forceps are commonly used in

which choice?

When folding surgical gowns for sterilization

Proud flesh is the

What guidelines are followed when cutting suture

ends for the doctor in closing an incision?

A Caslick operation is done in horses to

If skin edges are under extreme tension, what is the

suture pattern of choice?

What instrument is not a self-retaining tissue retractor?

The instrument suitable for cutting a paper drape is

When attaching an ECG, which leg should have the

red lead attached to it?

If the testicles are not palpable, and a cryptorchidectomy

is performed, the incision would most likely

be

Which one of the following is a disadvantage of

multifilament (vs. monofilament) suture material?

Which of the following is not true regarding crytorchidism

in horses?

When should used sponges be counted?

Which choice best describes the process of repairing

a clean wound within a few hours of injury by

first intention?

What is the purpose of a curette?

What is a urethrostomy?

Which are good for tough connective tissue and

fascia?

In normal healthy patients the most common leukocyte

on a canine patient are ____________, and

the most common leukocyte in bovine patients are

___________

__________ result from antibody binding to the

RBC surface and removal of a portion of the membrane

by macrophages; this occurs in immune hemolytic

anemia (IHA), which is most commonly

recognized in dogs.

A California mastitis test

The Azostix strip is a rapid quantitative test for

blood levels of

The etiologic agent of Lyme disease is

In horses the blood chemistry tests most commonly

used to evaluate liver function are

Polychromasia in an immature RBC will appear as

_____ on a blood smear stained with new methylene

blue stain

The life cycle of the canine flea includes which of

the following intermediate stages?

Which one of the following nematodes has an ovoid

egg with thin shell and morulated embryo on fecal

exam?

Peritoneal fluid of horses

What is the common name for Fasciola hepatica?

Hematocrit is another name for what lab measurement

What is indicated by a clear colorless zone around a

bacterial colony on a blood agar plate?

What makes accurate determination of avian and

reptile white blood cell (WBC) counts more difficult

than WBC counts in mammalian blood?

Which one of the following choices is the most

likely to cause a brownish discoloration of urine?

What is the globulin level in a dog with an albumin

of 4.0 g/dl and a total serum protein level of 7.5 g/

dl?

A stress leukogram is characterized by

Which term best describes the condition of a canine

upper jaw which is longer than the lower jaw?

What is the dental accumulation composed of food

particles and bacteria?

Which species have no maxillary incisors?

What is the most important area from which tartar

must be cleaned?

What is the contact time limit for each tooth with

the use of the ultrasonic tooth scaler?

When administering an intra-oral regional nerve

block you want to inject the topical anesthetic

The purpose of polishing during the dental prophy

is to

Which equid does not have canine teeth?

The correct dental formula for an adult cat is

You are called to a farm to help do a routine dental

exam and float the teeth of a 5-year old Quarter

horse gelding. If you needed to put your hand into

the horse's mouth, where is the best place to grip a

horse?

Which is more severe: periodontitis or gingivitis?

By what age should a dog have all its permanent

teeth, and how many teeth are in the canine adult

dental formula?

Which drug causes vomiting in cats?

What are the signs of metaldehyde poisoning in the

dog?

In Equine emergency care cases in which it is not

possible to administer large volumes of desired fluids,

it may be beneficial to properly administer

What is the most non-specific effective therapy for

hypovolemic shock?

What electrolyte imbalance is most likely to be

found in a cat with total urethral obstruction?

Normal urine output in cats and dogs is

Intraosseous infusion can be used in all of the following

cases except

A frantic client calls to say that her horse is acting

strangely. The horse does not appear to be able to

eat or drink and is moving with a stiff gait, there is

a pink membrane present in the medial aspect of the

eye, and it seems to be agitated by loud noises. The

horse is apparently suffering from

A 28kg dog has a resting energy requirement of

A client brings in her dog who ate a box of rat poison

in the last 2 days. Which symptoms would be

expected?

A 3 year-old domestic longhair female spayed cat is

presented at your clinic with hypersalivation, vomiting,

diarrhea, tremors, stumbling and a temperature

of 105.2 F (40.7 C).

Her pupils are normal size and responsive to light.

While the vet examines the animal, she has a

seizure.

The owner relates that he had treated her the night

before with a flea dip he had originally bought for

his dog.

What toxic ingredient do you suspect most highly?

Which one of the following monitors is used to continuously

measure blood oxygen saturation (SaO2)

in anesthetized and critical care patients?

In a dorsoventral view on a small animal x-ray,

which organ appears in the shape of a question

mark?

You have been asked to obtain a lateral view of the

coelom in a large cockatoo but only have a modified

cat abdominal chart. Where will you measure

this patient?

The grid is used between the x-ray head and the

film for what reason?

What happens to the image when the object-tofilm

distance is increased?

When naming a radiographic view, which of the

following best describes a DPaMLO of the equine

carpus?

Hypoechoic tissues have which of the following

characteristics in an ultrasound study?

Which contrast medium listed is contraindicated if

a rupture or perforation of the bowel is suspected?

Which tissue is likely to produce an ultrasound reverberation

artifact described as a "comet tail" with

sets of bright parallel lines?

Which setting is better for an x-ray of a part of the

body with high contrast between tissues, like a hip

x-ray of a young dog?

Which factor would contribute to making an x-ray

film come out with white spots?

A 13-year-old male neutered King Charles Cavalier

spaniel has a suspected brain tumor. What

would be the best imaging modality for this lesion?

How effective is analgesia of the tranquilizer Acepromazine?

Fentanyl transdermal patches will provide analgesia

in about 6-12 _______ and last for

3-5_________.

Opioids are analgesics that affect the brain’s ability

to interpretation of nociceptive signals. These drugs

manipulate which step in the pain pathway?

During cryotherapy, the cold temperature raises the

activation threshold of

Patients given alpha-2 agonist often have pale mucous

membranes with cold extremities in the initial

phase because of what side effects of the drug?

Which type of nerve block is useful to provide

analgesia before or after surgery of the thoracic cavity?

Which NSAID is labeled for use in horses and cattle

but has extra label uses in other species?

The inflammatory mediator histamine originates

where?

Which of the following can be used to reverse all

opioid agonist effects at all receptors?

Which of the following choices most correctly lists

the side effects of morphine in dogs?

Cachexia is the term used to describe

A 15 year old, 40 lb Corgi is 7% dehydrated. You

are instructed to administer fluids equal to the

deficit over then next 24 hours. How high should

you set the fluid pump?

Which of the following is not a possible treatment

option for ruminants with traumatic reticuloperitonitis?

Which is a viable phlebotomy site on the pelvic

limb of raptors?

Sulfa drugs work by

Both intermediate-acting insulin and long- acting

insulin are administered

What is the status of the epithelial cells during estrus

in a canine vaginal smear?

In the cow, pregnancy is most frequently diagnosed

using:

Caudal paralysis, as a consequence of injury to the

spinal cord from a fractured back, occurs commonly

in the

An acute hemolytic crisis of copper toxicity, there is

often irreversible, significant damage to the ______

due to ________.

Which best describes a chondrosarcoma?

A technician notes that during a dog’s bath, the

rinse water is filled with little specks of blacksh

“dirt” that are actually larvae and pupae. Which

infestation might this indicate?

The group of drugs called “beta-lactams” are

Which group of animals is most likely to be a vector

for human herpes B infection?

Which is most likely to result from not following

proper safelight procedures in the x-ray dark room?

Which of the following patients will benefit the

most from the use of pre-emptive analgesia?

Myositis in the equine is a result of

What is the etiologic agent for tetanus?

Which is not represented on an ECG tracing?

Which type of ophthalmic drug is contraindicated

if a corneal ulcer is present?