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AP PSYCH 2. Biology/Sensation & Perception/Consciousness

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

If someone is able to understand speech, but has an impaired ability to produce speech, they most likely have an injury in their...?

a)

Basal Ganglia

b)

Wernicke's Area

c)

Broca's Area

d)

Substantia Nigra

2.

This is in the brain stem, and it controls breathing.

a)

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

b)

Limbic System

c)

Hippocampus

d)

Medulla oblongata

3.

If a professor lesions the amygdala of a lab rat, the rat will most likely become...?

a)

hungry

b)

sexually aroused

c)

aphasic

d)

less aggressive

4.

Split brain patients have had their [---] surgically cut?

a)

hippocampus

b)

reticular formation

c)

sensory cortex

d)

corpus callosum

5.

A person whose hand had been amputated actually felt sensations on his nonexistent fingers when his face was stroked. This best illustrates consequences of...?

a)

lateralization

b)

tomography

c)

brain plasticity

d)

aphasia

6.

Which neurotransmitter helps reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?

a)

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

b)

Serotonin

c)

Norepinephrine

d)

Acetylcholine

7.

Dendrites...?

a)

secrete neurotransmitters to the postsynaptic neuron

b)

receive information from other neurons

c)

connect the cell body with the terminal branches

d)

speed up transmission of synaptic neurotransmitters

8.

Responsible for slowing down the body after fight or flight

a)

sympathetic nervous system

b)

central nervous system

c)

parasympathetic nervous system

d)

endocrine system

9.
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain? 
a)
visual cortex in the frontal lobe
b)
visual cortex in the temporal lobe
c)
sensory cortex in the parietal lobe
d)
visual cortex in the occipital lobe
10.
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the 
a)
motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere
b)
motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the right hemisphere
c)
motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere
d)
motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere 
11.
Antidepressant drugs like Prozac are often used to treat mood disorders. According to what you know about their function, which neurotransmitter system do these types of drugs try to affect? 
a)
serotonin
b)
adrenaline
c)
acetylcholine
d)
endorphins
12.
Scientists are able to see changes in the brain as it processes information by means of 
a)
lesioning
b)
PET
c)
CT
d)
autopsy
13.
The part of the brain most closely associated with maintaining balance and the coordination of complex sequences of movements is the 
a)
hypothalamus
b)
cerebellum
c)
medulla
d)
pons
14.
When giving directions to a stranger, you look away for a second and fail to notice that the person you were giving directions to has switched with another person.  This is called:
a)
Misdirection
b)
Sensory Adaptation
c)
Change Blindness
d)
Choice Blindness
15.
Being able to detect a single candle flame from 30 miles away on a clear dark night at least 50% of the time is known as:
a)
Weber's Law
b)
Subliminal Stimuli
c)
Difference Threshold
d)
Absolute Threshold
16.
Mary is texting while driving.  She fails to notice the car in front of her has stopped for a red light.  She subsequently crashes into the car.  The reason for the crash is due to
a)
Change Blindness
b)
Choice Blindness
c)
Cocktail Party Effect
d)
Selective Attention
17.
Which type of processing looks at the whole picture and uses previous experiences to make determinations?
a)
Top-down processing
b)
Bottom-up processing
c)
Concurrent processing
d)
Parallel processing
18.
Which part of the eye uses accommodation to see the image clearly?
a)
Retina
b)
Blind Spot
c)
Lens
d)
Iris
19.
Which theory of color vision states that the thalmaus will produce afterimages of black-white, red-green, and blue-yellow colors when overly stimulated?
a)
Young-Helmholtz
b)
Place
c)
Parallel Processing
d)
Opponent Processing
20.
Billy feels really dizzy after riding a rollercoaster at the local state fair.  His dizziness is caused by his
a)
cochlea
b)
vestibular sense
c)
kinesthesis sense
d)
thalamus
21.
Experiencing depth, form, color and motion simultaneously in the brain is known as
a)
Opponent Processing
b)
Parallel Processing
c)
Trichromatic Processing
d)
Top-Down Processing
22.

The body' biological clock, these occur in the body every 24 hours.

a)

Brain waves

b)

Circadian Rythms

c)

Sleep Cycle

d)

Manifest Content

23.

Why does jet lag occur?

a)

Because the cabin pressure of the plane causes drowsiness.

b)

Because flying at high altitudes causes you to breath thinner air making it difficult to get oxygen into your blood stream.

c)

Because internal circadian rhythms do not match external environmental cues.

d)

Because moving at high speeds causes your body work harder to pump blood which can induce tiredness.

24.

A type of brain wave associated with alertness and wakefulness.

a)

Beta

b)

Alpha

c)

Theta

d)

Delta

25.

A type of brain wave associated with feeling relaxed/drowsy.

a)

Beta

b)

Alpha

c)

Theta

d)

Delta

26.

A type of brain wave associated with feeling relaxed/drowsy but slower than alpha waves.

a)

Beta

b)

Alpha

c)

Theta

d)

Delta

27.

A type of brain wave associated with deep sleep; these are the slowest waves.

a)

Beta

b)

Alpha

c)

Theta

d)

Delta

28.

Of Freud's different types of dream content which one was he most interested in? (hint: it was the meaning of the dreams not the actual events in the dream)

a)

Manifest Content

b)

Latent Content

29.

Ricky-Bobby the 8 year old NASCAR fanatic keeps having sudden/serious states of terror during the night while sleeping. He cannot recall the dream but feels very shaken up after these instances. What is Ricky-Bobby experiencing?

a)

Nightmares

b)

Night terrors

c)

REM sleep disorder

d)

Sleep apnea

30.

Category of drug that excites neural activity.

a)

Depressant

b)

Stimulant

c)

Opiate

d)

Hallucinogen

31.

Category of drug that can temporarily lessen pain as well as depress neural activity.

a)

Depressant

b)

Stimulant

c)

Opiate

d)

Hallucinogen

32.

Category of drug that distort perception.

a)

Depressent

b)

Stimulant

c)

Opiate

d)

Hallucinogen

33.

From Freud’s perspective, the dream’s surface content is called ____________ content, while the hidden content or unconscious meaning would be called the ____________ content.

a)

Latent, manifest

b)

hidden, latent

c)

manifest, hidden

d)

manifest, latent

34.
Which scan would give us a view of the brain waves occurring during sleep?
a)
EEG
b)
MRI
c)
PET
d)
CAT
35.

REM sleep is also called _______because the person's body is aroused yet asleep

a)

Paradoxical Sleep

b)

Deep Sleep

c)

Sleep Spindles

d)

Unorthodox Sleep

36.
Require higher doses to achieve similar effect
a)
Withdrawal
b)
Physical Dependence
c)
Addiction
d)
Tolerance
37.
Drugs that calm neural activity and slow body functions, including alcohol, barbiturates and opiates
a)
Depressants
b)
Stimulants
c)
Hallucinogens
d)
Hypnosis
38.
Drugs that heighten alertness, arousal, and decrease appetite, including: cocaine, caffeine, nicotine, and methamphetamine
a)
Hallucinogens
b)
Depressants
c)
Stimulants
d)
Opiate
39.
Characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks
a)
Night Terrors
b)
Insomnia
c)
Narcolepsy
d)
Sleep Apnea
40.
REM Sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain weaves into stories
a)
Freud's Wish-Fulfillment
b)
Information Processing
c)
Cognitive Development
d)
Activation-Synthesis Theory
41.

Diane went swimming with friends who did not want to get into the water because it was cold. She jumped in and after a few minutes declared it was cold when she first got in but then her body got used to it. Her body got accustomed to the water due to....

a)

sensory interaction

b)

absolute threshold

c)

selective attention

d)

sensory adaptation

42.

The specialized cells in each of the sense organs that collect information to send to the brain are called...

a)

sensory cells

b)

sensory nuerons

c)

bipolar cells

d)

ganglion cells

e)

sensory receptors

43.

Almost half the birds in the tree outside Brian's window were brown and the rest were red, so Brian perceived them as two different groups of birds. This best illustrates...

a)

proximity

b)

closure

c)

similarity

d)

connectedness

e)

disparity

44.

The area of the brain that receives information from the nose is directly connected to the limbic system, rather than relayed first through the thalamus. This connection may explain why smells are often involved in...

a)

pain sensations

b)

altered states of consciousness

c)

subliminal messages

d)

vivid memories

e)

retinal disparity

45.

The classic gate-control theory suggests that pain is experienced when small nerve fibers activate and open a neural gate in the...

a)

basilar membrane

b)

spinal cord

c)

semicircular canal

d)

olfactory bulbs

e)

fovea

46.

The principle that two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion for their difference to be perceived is known as...

a)

opponent process theory

b)

feature detector

c)

sensory interaction

d)

Weber's law

e)

absolute threshold

47.

While waiting in line at Starbucks, Kramer was playing games on his cell phone and subsequently failed to see the customer in front of him rob the cashier. This is an example of...

a)

inattentional blindness

b)

place theory

c)

blind spot

d)

feature detectors

e)

sensory adaptation

48.

If you are expecting an important text message, you are much more likely to notice the sound as soon as the message arrives. This best illustrates...

a)

priming

b)

signal detection theory

c)

difference threshold

d)

absolute threshold

e)

Weber's law

49.

What three primary colors of light are detected by your cones?

a)

Green, red, and blue

b)

Black, gray, and white

c)

Blue, red, and yellow

d)

Blue, green, and purple

e)

Cyan, magenta, and yellow

50.

What is the first part of the eye that light hits?

a)

lens

b)

cornea

c)

pupil

d)

retina

e)

iris

51.
What are rods responsible for?
a)
seeing best in bright light; chiefly responsible for viewing color; greatest density in the fovea
b)
chiefly responsible for night vision and perception of brightness
c)
electromagnetic energy; eyes are sensitive to this energy
d)
physical energy 
52.
 In sensation, what is the transforming of stimulus energies, such as touch and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret?
a)
Priming
b)
Sensory Adaption 
c)
Sensation
d)
Transduction
53.
The system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts is?
a)
balance
b)
kinetics
c)
sensory interaction
d)
kinesthesis 
54.
The Place Theory of pitch perception cannot account for how we hear:
a)
Low-pitched sounds
b)
Middle-pitched sounds
c)
High-pitched sounds
d)
Chords three or more pitches simultaneously
55.
Figures tend to be perceived as whole, complete objects, even if spaces or gaps exist in the representation, thus demonstrating the principle of:
a)
Closure
b)
Proximity
c)
Continuity
d)
Similarity
56.
You are most likely to observe the phi phenomenon while:
a)
 looking at a string of Christmas tree lights that blink quickly in succession.
b)
 staring at a Necker cube.
c)
 comparing the size of the moon while it is in the sky, to its size near the horizon.
d)
attempting to catch a fly ball that is quickly coming toward you
57.
The mental predisposition to perceive one image  but not the other is 
a)
Perceptual organization
b)
Perceptual adaptation 
c)
Perceptual constancy
d)
Perceptual set 
58.
A binocular cue that allows for depth perception when images from the two eyes differ 
a)
Relative size 
b)
Color Constancy
c)
Linear perception
d)
Retinal Disparity
59.
As we look at a flower, the intensity, or brightness, of the color we see is related to the light wave’s:
a)
amplitude
b)
hue
c)
length
d)
placement on the spectrum
60.
Which of the following is the correct order of the structures through which light passes after entering the eye?
a)
Lens, pupil, cornea, retina
b)
Pupil, cornea, lens, retina
c)
Cornea, retina, pupil, lens
d)
Cornea, pupil, lens, retina
61.

What is the function of the hippocampus with in the brain?

a)

The organization of emotional events

b)

To store long term memories and regulate short term memories

c)

to regulate fear and anger

d)

the process of connecting the left and right hemispheres

62.

The photoreceptors called the ____ allows us to see color and send its message to the ____, then to the ____.

a)

cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells

b)

rods, ganglion cells, bipolar cells

c)

retina, horizontal cells, optic cells

63.

The ______ are responsible for higher mental processes such as problem solving, language and judgment.

a)

medulla oblongata of the brainstem

b)

frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex

c)

midbrain

d)

limbic system

64.
During sleep, your brain rests. 
a)
TRUE
b)
FALSE
65.

The region of your brain that processes SPEECH production is the ____, while the _____ processes language comprehension.

a)

temporal lobe, hippocampus

b)

parietal lobe, frontal lobe

c)

Motor cortex, Somatosensory cortex

d)

Broca's area, Wernicke's area

66.

The semicircular canals have receptors for _____, while the cochlea has receptors for ___.

a)

accommodation, smell

b)

the vestibular sense, hearing

c)

kinesthesis, balance

d)

hearing, smell

67.

This type of MONOCULAR CUE interprets the convergence of parallel lines to perceive depth and distance.

a)

relative height.

b)

linear perspective.

c)

interposition

d)

closure.

68.

Which of the following does NOT play a role in your sleep-wake cycle?

a)

pineal gland and melatonin

b)

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

c)

adrenal glands

d)

circadian rhythms

69.
Color blindness and color afterimages are best explained by what theory of color vision? 
a)
trichromatic theory
b)
visible hue theory
c)
opponent-process theory
d)
binocular disparity theory
70.

The cocktail party effect provides an example of:

a)

the phi phenomenon

b)

selective attention

c)

perceptual constancy

d)

perceptual set

71.

This type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the hair cells in the cochlea.

a)

Conductive

b)

Moderate

c)

Sensorinueral

d)

Mild

72.

When there is a conflict between bits of information received by two or more senses, which sense tends to dominate the others? (i.e., The McGurk Effect)

a)

smell

b)

touch

c)

hearing

d)

vision

73.

During the months when there is a large amount of pollen in the air, your hay fever severely affects your sense of smell. At the same time your food all seems to taste the same. This illustrates the importance of:

a)

sensory interaction

b)

kinesthesis

c)

sensory adaptation

d)

accommodation

74.

Which of the following is the best explanation for why we see afterimages?

a)

When we look away, unused cones fire to balance the chemicals used up during staring.

b)

Staring causes the cones to stop working, so the brain processes the image after we look away

c)

The rod system must take over when the cones become too tired, and the rods produce the afterimage.

d)

The brain gets too tired during staring so it creates an afterimage to make sense of the staring.

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