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WorksheetsEnd of Course Review (2019)
Total questions: 43
Worksheet time: 42mins
Which property of water best describes why water can store lots of thermal energy without large changes in temperature?
polarity
high specific heat
high surface tension
boiling point = 100 degrees celsius
During an experiment, a doctor gives a patient a blue pill each day and tells the patient to meditate one hour each day. After a week of treatment, the patient feels better. Which of the following choices best describes a valid conclusion the doctor can make about the effectiveness of the blue pill?
It worked. The medicine is effective.
It didn't work. The medicine is ineffective.
The medication was more effective than the blue pill.
It's impossible to tell because there was no control variable.
Which of the following is a physical property of matter?
pH
polarity
melting point
oxidation reactivity
Which of the following choices correctly compares and contrasts neutrons and protons?
Neutrons are significantly more massive than protons and located in the nucleus.
Neutrons and protons have roughly the same mass and are located in the nucleus.
Neutrons are significantly less massive than protons and located outside of the nucleus.
Neutrons and protons have roughly the same mass and are located outside of the nucleus.
Which of the following statements is true regarding different elements on the periodic table?
Different elements in the same row likely have similar chemical properties.
Different elements in the same row likely have identical physical properties.
Different elements in the same column likely have similar chemical properties.
Different elements in the same column likely have identical physical properties.
Ethane, C2H8, does not dissolve in water easily. Based on this, what types of bonds/forces are most likely to be responsible in holding together the atoms in an ethane molecule?
ionic bonds
covalent bonds
hydrogen bonds
Van der Waals forces
What type of chemical reaction is characterized by two or more reactants forming one product?
synthesis
combustion
decomposition
single replacement
A 100-kg cart is 10 meters off the ground on a roller coaster track. The other side of the track goes up infinitely. Assume the track is a frictionless surface. If the cart starts rolling down the track, how far up will it go on the other side before it stops and falls back down again?
9.81 meters
10 meters
less than 10 meters
It's impossible to tell because you don't have enough information.
A man pushes a block with a force of 20 newtons across a surface for 5 meters. How much work did he do? W=FD
10 joules
15 joules
25 joules
100 joules
A turkey is cooking inside an oven. Although the pan is hot, the majority of the heat transferring into the turkey comes from the warm air inside the oven. What type of heat transfer happens due to the moving air currents?
radiation
convection
conduction
specific heat
A sword is heated inside a blacksmith's forge until it glows red hot. What is happening to the molecules of iron inside the blade?
The iron atoms are gaining mass.
The iron atoms are becoming stronger.
The iron atoms are wiggling in place quickly.
The iron atoms are hard now, and do not move.
The Intuit people of northern Canada recommend eating seal blubber to stay warm. Based on this, what is digesting seal blubber?
exothermic reaction
exoskeletal reaction
endoscopic reaction
endothermic reaction
Which of the four fundamental forces is responsible for binding nucleons together in the nucleus?
gravity
electromagnetism
weak nuclear force
strong nuclear force
Which type of nuclear reaction results in the breakdown of unstable nuclei into smaller nuclei and high-energy particles over a long period of time?
nuclear fusion
nuclear fission
radioactive decay
radioactive fusion
Rubber does not allow electrons to flow easily across its surface Based on this description, what is rubber?
insulator
conductor
semiconductor
semi-conductor
Ohm's law describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. Unfortunately, it doesn't perfectly describe the behavior of a circuit because as current flows, the circuit heats up, and as it heats up, resistance drops. Assuming voltage stays the same and resistance drops by half, what will happen to current?
it will halve
it will double
it will quadruple
it will stay the same
As light enters a dense transparent medium like water, it is absorbed and retransmitted by the molecules of the medium. This process of absorption and retransmission takes a little bit of extra time, so in a dense medium light will slow down. Waves with high frequencies slow down less than waves with lower frequencies, so the wave appears to spread out and make a spectrum. What is this process called?
reflection
refraction
absorption
spectroscopy
As light enters a dense transparent medium like water, it is absorbed and retransmitted by the molecules of the medium. This process of absorption and retransmission takes a little bit of extra time, so in a dense medium light will slow down. Waves with high frequencies slow down less than waves with lower frequencies, so the wave appears to spread out and make a spectrum. What is this process called?
reflection
refraction
absorption
spectroscopy
What would the slope of a line on an acceleration-time graph look like for an object that is moving with constant velocity?
The slope would be a curve like this: J
The slope would be a straight horizontal line: -
The slope would be a straight diagonal line in this direction:→
The slope would be a straight diagonal line in this direction:⁄
Which of Newton's laws explains that an object in motion will continue moving unless acted upon by an outside unbalanced force?
Newton's First Law
Newton's Second Law
Newton's Third Law
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
Scientists recently announced that they had discovered small massive particles called neutrinos that apparently moved faster than the speed of light. Much of the scientific community was intrigued, baffled, and doubtful of this result. Why would this result be unlikely to be true?
Neutrinos are a well-known hoax
Nothing travels faster than light through a medium
Nothing travels as fast as or faster than light in a vacuum
It is true and absolutely likely that neutrinos can go faster than the speed of light
Assuming volume is held constant and the quantity of gas doesn't change, if you halve the pressure of a gas, what will happen to the temperature of the gas?
It will halve
it will double
It will quadruple
It will stay the same
Molecules of an unknown sample are bouncing around rapidly. The intermolecular attractive forces between the molecules are almost zero. There is a large amount of space between the molecules. Based on this description, what state of matter is this unknown sample currently in?
gas
solid
liquid
melting from solid to liquid
Alisa needs to make some hot tea for her ill mother. She uses some ice-cold water from the freezer and heats it up in the kettle. As she hears the teapot whistling, she asks herself, “How is the motion of the ice water’s particles changing as the hot tea is being made?” What is the best answer to Alisa’s question?
The particles in the cold water moved at the same rate until an increase in temperature caused a decrease in particle motion in the hot tea.
The particles in the cold water moved at a slower rate until a decrease in temperature caused an increase in particle motion in the hot tea.
The particles in the cold water moved at a slower rate until an increase in temperature caused an increase in particle motion in the hot tea.
The particles in the cold water moved at a higher rate until an increase in temperature caused a decrease in particle motion in the hot tea.
The terms mass and weight are often used interchangeably. When you purchase produce from the grocery store, you place your items on a spring scale. What physical property of matter is being measured?
Mass
Weight
Mass and Weight
The amount of material in an object
Kendall has 4 beakers, each containing 10 milliliters (mL) of a different liquid. He finds the mass, in grams (g), of each liquid and records it in his notebook. His data are shown in the table.
Kendall wants to know what will happen when the liquids are all combined. He pours them all into a 50-mL beaker, and after a few minutes, the liquids separate into different layers. Which liquid would make up the bottom layer of the beaker?
Karo syrup, because it has the greatest density.
Milk, because it contains fat.
Water, because it sinks into all substances.
Vegetable oil, because it has the least amount of mass
The state of matter is an example of a physical property. Why is the state of matter considered a physical property, even though a substance may change between a solid, liquid, and gas?
Solids, liquids, and gases contain different substances from one another.
The state of matter depends on the amount of substance present.
The property can be easily observed.
The chemical nature of the substance does not change.
Which of the following statements about atoms is TRUE?
They are made up of protons and electrons in a nucleus surrounded by orbiting neutrons.
They are the same for all elements.
They are arranged in the periodic table according to number of protons.
They are both stable and nonradioactive.
Which of the following correctly describes a property of an atom?
It has more protons than neutrons.
It has a negative or positive charge.
It has an equal number of protons and electrons.
It has an equal number of neutrons and electrons.
Strontium (Sr) is a silvery metal element that burns an intense color in air and reacts with water. Which of the following elements will share similar properties?
Tin (Sn)
Yttrium (Y)
Calcium (Ca)
Potassium (K)
Which of the following statements best describes pure substances?
Pure substances consist of substances that have been combined through physical processes.
Pure substances consist of substances that have been separate through physical processes.
Pure substances consist of solutions, suspensions, and colloids.
Pure substances consist of elements, compounds, and molecule
Two grams of sodium chloride (table salt) were completely dissolved in a glass of water. How would you classify the resulting material?
As a heterogeneous mixture.
As a salt suspension.
As a pure substance.
As a homogeneous mixture
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
freezing water to make ice
boiling water to make steam
making salt water from salt and water
separating water into hydrogen and oxygen
Jonathan pushes a box on the floor and is unable to make it move. Which of the following is the best explanation for why the box does not move?
The box has a very small mass.
Jonathan is pushing in the wrong direction.
The mass of the box requires a greater force to move it.
Friction occurs in the same direction that Jonathan is pushing.
Students in Ms. Twedt’s science classroom are conducting investigations. They prepare three level surfaces. The first surface is smooth, the second surface is rough, and the third surface is carpeted. Which of the following forces are the students most likely investigating?
electric
magnetic
friction
gravitational
On a cold day, Rick puts a hot cup of coffee down on a picnic table. Which of the following correctly describes what happens next?
The heat from the coffee cup is transferred to the picnic table.
The picnic table transfers its cold temperature to the coffee cup.
The temperature of the picnic table decreases as it transfers cold to the cup.
The coffee cup remains the same temperature as the temperature of the table increases.
A light bulb transforms 5% of its energy input to light energy. What happens to the other 95% of the energy input?
It stays in the bulb.
It is destroyed as it is transformed from electrical to light to thermal energy.
It decreases the bulb’s thermal energy and the thermal energy of the surroundings.
It increases the bulb’s thermal energy and the thermal energy of the surroundings.
Sherri is sliding down a slide at a playground. When is Sherri's potential energy the greatest?
before she starts to slide
right after she starts to slide
right before she comes to a stop
after she comes to a complete stop
Gail’s cross country coach advised her to eat well-balanced meals in order to have plenty of energy for their upcoming track meet. To which transformation of energy is Gail’s coach referring?
heat energy to mechanical energy
mechanical energy to electrical energy
chemical energy to mechanical energy
thermodynamic energy to dynamic energy
What happens to the pitch when the frequency of a sound wave decreases?
it decreases by that same amount
it increases by the same amount
it increases twice the amount
it stays the same
Which of these is a mechanical wave?
light
radio
sound
electromagnetic
Arianna is experimenting with different materials to see which one will transmit sound the fastest.
Through which of the following materials will sound waves travel the fastest?
water
oil
concrete
air
Part of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown in the image below. Which of the following statements correctly compares ultraviolet and visible light?
Ultraviolet light has a smaller amplitude than visible light.
Ultraviolet light has a longer wavelength than visible light.
Ultraviolet light has a lower frequency than visible light.
ultraviolet light has more energy than visible light
