the bacteria had grown

a bad smell that made him sick

mould had stopped the bacteria growing

he had been fired for leaving a mess

inhibit protein synthesis

destroys cell wall

inhibit growth or multiplication

Analgesic

NSAID

Antipyretic

Anticoagulent

True

False

Blocks acetylcholine at the SA node

Binds to GABA receptors

Binds to opioid receptors and relieves pain through CNS action

Blocks calcium channels and binds with potassium to prevent cramps

True

False

The solvents used are toxic

The precursor is toxic

The source for the precursor has low yield

The synthesis process releases greenhouse gasess

Exposure to lower levels of antimicrobials than prescribed

2.Exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics (which aren’t specific to a microbe)

3.Overuse of antibiotics in foods/agriculture

4. All of the above

They Kill many different pathogenic bacteria

They are really cheap to buy

They cause antibiotic resistance

None of the above

They kill many different pathogenic bacteria

They are really cheap to buy

They can increase the rate of development of antibiotic resistance

All of the above

Always finish a course of antibiotics

Only take antibiotics when they are really needed

Take antibiotics whenever it is possible

Reduce the amount of antibiotics given to animals in the farming industry

There is no difference, both combat viruses

An antiviral prevents viruses from entering the host cell while an antiretroviral prevents virus reproduction

An antiviral prevents virus reproduction while and antiretroviral presents viruses from entering the host cell

An antiviral destroys viruses outside of the host cell while an antiretroviral destroys them inside the host cell

They do not have a cell structure to target

They reproduce more rapidly than bacteria

They mutate more rapidly than bacteria

They can lie dormant for long periods of time

They prevent the release of excess acid in the stomach

They lower the pH of the acid in the stomach

They raise the pH of the acid in the stomach

They trigger the healing process for ulcers

It is a proton pump inhibitor, directly preventing the release of acid into the stomach

It is an H₂ receptor antagonist, indirectly preventing the release of acid into the stomach

It is an H₂ receptor antagonist, directly preventing the release of acid into the stomach

It is an antacid, used to neutralize the acid that has already been released in the stomach

It has a reduced ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, making it weaker

It has a reduced ability to bond with opioid receptors in the brain, making it weaker

It is not a strong analgesic and therefore doesn't produce the same narcotic effects as morphine

It is not a pro-drug and does not get converted to a more dangerous drug by the body like morphine does

The esters in its structure make it easier to bind to opioid receptors in the brain

The esters in its structure make it easier to pass the blood-brain barrier

The esters in its structure are toxic to the brain causing more negative side-effects

It is a pro-drug that reacts with esterase to be better at binding to opioid receptors in the brain

The methylation of morphine

The esterification of morphine

The nucleophilic substitution of morphine

The hydrogenation of morphine

Not binding with the antibiotic structure

Breaking the beta-lactam ring

Binding to the beta-lactam ring

Blocking the beta-lactam ring

To make the chemical structure more reactive

To make the chemical structure less toxic

To make the chemical structure less likely to be digested

To make the chemical structure more water soluble

Whether the drug can be found in nature

How much of a drug is included in every dose

How easy a drug is to synthesize

How much of the drug reaches its target

.....the lethal dose of a drug for 50% of the population divided by the minimum effective dose for 50% of the population.

....the minimum effective dose for 50% of the population divided by the lethal dose of a drug for 50% of the population. 

.....the toxic dose of a drug for 50% of the population divided by the minimum effective dose for 50% of the population.

.....the lethal dose of a drug for 50% of the population divided by the minimum toxic dose for 50% of the population.

....range of dosages between the minimum amounts of the drug that produce a toxic effect effect and a medically unacceptable adverse effect 

....range of dosages between the minimum amounts of the drug that produce an undesired effect and a medically unacceptable adverse effect 

....range of dosages between the minimum amounts of the drug that produce the desired effect and a medically unacceptable adverse effect 

....range of dosages between the minimum amounts of the drug that produce the desired effect and the toxic dose. 

sandalwood acid

carboxylic acids

ethanoyl chloride

salicylic acid 

penicillin G

penicillin v

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

alkene

carbonyl

carboxylic acid

amine

Sublingual Administration

  Oral Administration

  I V (Intra Venous) Administration

     Both A and C

The blood-brain barrier is significant in drug design because it affects drug delivery to the central nervous system.

The blood-brain barrier prevents all drugs from entering the bloodstream.

The blood-brain barrier is irrelevant to drug efficacy in the body.

The blood-brain barrier enhances drug absorption in the stomach.

True

False

Antivirals do not allow the virus to attach to cells or reproduce inside cells

Antivirals destroy the cell wall of viruses

Antivirals hack into viruses corrupting their DNA