These molecules are chained together in order to build a protein.

Different versions of the same gene.

A form of cell division where a parent cell is split into 4 haploid cells with different genetic combinations.

An organism that has the allele for a recessive trait but it is masked by a dominant allele in the phenotype.

The change in traits of a population over time.

A structure within a species of organisms that no longer seems to have a function or purpose in the current form of an organism of the given species.

Determining the age of a rock or fossil using the predictable decay rate of the material.

A form of cell division that results in 2 identical cells.

A diagram that shows the inheritance pattern of a trait through a family.

When an organism has two identical alleles for a trait.

A single-stranded molecule that is built off of one gene of the DNA and carries its instructions from inside the nucleus to the ribosomes.

When a cell contains one copy of each chromosome.

Molecules made within the cells using the DNA's instructions, which then help determine the organism's traits.

A component of DNA and RNA, made up of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a sugar molecule.

A type of inheritance where a heterozygous organism will show a combination of the alleles together, creating a new phenotype expression.

A portion of the mRNA made up of 3 nitrogen bases, used to instruct for one specific amino acid to be added to the protein chain.

When humans intentionally breed organisms within a population that have desirable traits.

The name of the sugar molecule found within the DNA nucleotides.

A type of plate boundary where two tectonic plates slide toward each other.

A diploid body cell.

The time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to decay.

When a cell contains two copies of each chromosome.

A non-moving area in the Earth's mantle which produces active volcanoes at the Earth's surface.

The molecule responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosomes.

The process where organisms with traits that help them adapt better to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

A haploid sex cell.

A chain of nucleotides which stores genetic information within organisms.

An organ or bone in different animals that are very similar in structure, but vary depending on their current function. The point to the existence of a common ancestor.

A plate boundary at which two tectonic plates slide away from one another.

The physical characteristics of an organism.

Determine the order of fossils and rocks by comparing them with the placement of other rocks and fossils around them.

An allele which is only fully expressed when the organism is homozygous.

The genetic makeup of an organism.

When an organism has two different alleles for a particular gene.

An allele that always shows through in the phenotype when it is present.

When both alleles of a heterozygous organism are both fully expressed in the phenotype.

When a gene has 3 or more alternative forms of a gene within a population.

The dating of rocks or fossils to determine a numeric age.

Plate boundary where two plates slide horizontally past one another

When one trait is controlled by multiple genes.

A trait which helps an organism survive in its environment.

Process in which proteins are made using the instructions from the DNA.

When the sperm and egg fuse together to make a zygote.

The factors are usually both genetic and environmental, where a combination of genes, in addition to environmental factors, produce the trait or condition.