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WorksheetsIB Biology Unit 3 Genetics
Total questions: 38
Worksheet time: 47mins
Which enzymes are needed to produce recombinant plasmids that are used in gene transfer?
DNA polymerase and ligase
DNA polymerase and restriction enzymes
Restriction enzymes and ligase
Helicase and restriction enzymes
Which one of the following happens in Anaphase II of meiosis?
Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
Homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell
Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
Pairs of sister chromatids move to the equator of the cell
A cell with a diploid number of 12 chromosomes undergoes meiosis. What will be the product at the end of meiosis?
2 cells each with 12 chromosomes
4 cells each with 6 chromosomes
2 cells each with 6 chromosomes
4 cells each with 12 chromosomes
The following is a DNA gel. The results are from a single probe showing a DNA profile for a man, a woman and their four children.
Which child is least likely to be the biological offspring of the father?
Child 1
Child 2
Child 3
Child 4
A parent organism of unknown genotype is mated in a test cross. Half of the offspring have the same phenotype as the parent. What can be concluded from this result?
The parent is heterozygous for the trait.
The trait being inherited is controlled by many genes.
The parent is homozygous dominant for the trait.
The parent is homozygous recessive for the trait.
Which process results in the greatest genetic variation in a population?
Meiosis
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Natural selection
The diagram below shows a cell during meiosis.
How many chromosomes would each daughter cell have at the end of meiosis?
8
4
2
1
The pedigree shows which members of a family were Rhesus positive (■ and •) and Rhesus negative (□ and O). The allele for Rhesus positive blood (Rh+) is dominant over the allele for Rhesus negative blood (R-).
Which are possible genotypes of the individuals numbered I, II and III?
I = Rh+ Rh+ II = Rh+ Rh+ III = Rh+ Rh-
I = Rh+ Rh+ II = Rh+ Rh- III = Rh+ Rh+
I = Rh+ Rh+ II = Rh+ Rh- III = Rh+ Rh-
I = Rh+ Rh- II = Rh+ Rh- III = Rh+ Rh+
The diagram below shows a cell in meiosis.
What can be deduced from this diagram, regarding the stage of meiosis shown and the haploid number of chromosomes in this cell?
Stage = Metaphase I; Haploid number = 6
Stage = Prophase I; Haploid number = 3
Stage = Prophase I; Haploid number = 6
Stage = Metaphase I; Haploid number = 3
What is a possible consequence of a single base substitution mutation occurring in a gene?
Amino acids in two polypeptides coded for by the gene are changed.
All of the codons from the mutation onward are changed.
The gene will not code for a protein
The protein produced could have the same amino acid sequence
If a person inherited an allele with the same base substitution mutation from both parents, what sequences could be altered from normal in the person’s cells?
One mRNA base sequence only
Two mRNA base sequences only
One mRNA base sequence and one polypeptide amino acid sequence only
Two mRNA base sequences and two polypeptide amino acid sequences only
What is the locus of a gene?
The proportion of the population that have the gene
The part of the phenotype that is affected by the gene
The position of a gene on a chromosome
The predicted effect of natural selection on the frequency of the gene
Which processes always occur in meiosis but not normally in mitosis?
I. Chiasmata formation
II. Independent assortment of alleles
III. Separation of homologous chromosomes
I and II only
II and III only
I and III only
I, II and III
The pedigree chart below shows the inheritance of a genetic disease in a family.
What is the nature of the allele that causes this disease?
Dominant and sex linked
Dominant and non-sex linked
Recessive and sex linked
Recessive and non-sex linked
When constructing a karyotype, the length of each chromosome is used.
Which other characteristics are used?
I. The pattern of bands on the chromosome.
II. The position of the centromere on the chromosome.
III. The position of the chromosome on the spindle.
I and II only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III
Which stage of cell division is usually stopped in order to view chromosomes for a karyogram?
Metaphase I
Metaphase II
Metaphase of mitosis
Anaphase of mitosis
What is always a difference between the alleles of a gene?
Their position on the chromosome
Their amino acid sequence
The number of codons that each contains
Their base sequence
A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia and a man who does not have hemophilia have a child.
What is the probability that the child will have hemophilia?
If a girl = 0%; If a boy = 50%
If a girl = 0%; If a boy = 0%
If a girl = 50%; If a boy = 50%
If a girl = 50%; If a boy = 0%
What are homologous chromosomes?
Identical chromosomes
Non-identical chromosomes with different genes
Non-identical chromosomes with the same genes in the same sequence but not necessarily the same alleles
Non-identical chromosomes with the same genes in a different sequence and not necessarily the same alleles
A man of blood group A and a woman of blood group B have a child.
If both are heterozygous for the gene, what are the chances of them having a child with blood group B?
75%
50%
25%
0%
What are separated by gel electrophoresis during DNA profiling?
Chromatids
Chromosomes
Genes
DNA fragments
What is chorionic villus sampling?
Sampling cells from the placenta
Sampling cells from the fetal digestive system
Sampling fetal cells from the amniotic fluid
Sampling stem cells from the umbilical cord
If the haploid number of a species is 28, how many chromatids will there be in metaphase I in a dividing diploid cell?
14
28
56
112
Which process could cause non-disjunction if it occurred during meiosis?
Homologous chromosomes do not separate in anaphase I.
Sister chromatids do not align in metaphase II.
Homologous chromosomes do not separate in anaphase II.
Sister chromatids do not align in metaphase I.
Some breeds of dogs are characterized by the presence of a melanistic mask, which is a darkening of the fur near the nose, as shown by the arrow in this photograph.
Which outcome is matched with a valid conclusion if dogs that were pure breeding for melanistic masks were crossed with dogs without melanistic masks?
If 0 % of the puppies have a mask, the character is recessive.
If 25 % of the puppies have a mask, the character is dominant.
If 75 % of the puppies have a mask, the character is dominant.
If 100 % of the puppies have a mask, the character is recessive.
In a person who is heterozygous for sickle-cell anemia, where could the mutation be found?
In every gamete produced
Only in gametes carrying an X chromosome
In all brain cells
In blood plasma
The diagram shows a pedigree chart.
What type of inheritance is shown in this pedigree chart?
X-linked recessive
Y-linked dominant
X-linked dominant
Y-linked recessive
According to the pedigree shown, which pattern of inheritance is indicated?
Sex-linked recessive trait
Autosomal recessive trait
Autosomal dominant trait
Codominant alleles
Which of the following statements relate(s) to Down syndrome (trisomy 21)?
I. It can be detected in chorionic villus samples.
II. It results from non-disjunction in mitosis.
III. It is caused by gene mutation.
I only
I and II only
I and III only
I, II and III
The pedigree chart below shows the blood types of three members of a family.
Which could be the blood types of individuals 1 and 2?
1 = A; 2 = AB
1 = AB; 2 = B
1 = O; 2 = B
1 = B; 2 = A
What is the set of alleles that an individual possesses?
A gene
A genotype
A genome
A genus
What determines the genomic size of a species?
The total number of chromosomes
The total number of alleles
The total number of genes
The total amount of DNA
The image shows the chromosomes in four cells of an insect at the end of meiosis.
What is the diploid number of this insect?
2
4
8
16
Which of the following is/are true of cloning mammals by nuclear transfer?
I. the donor egg nucleus is discarded
II. a sperm nucleus is injected into an empty egg cell
III. an undifferentiated donor cell is used
I only
I and II only
I and III only
I, II and III
In genetic engineering, why is the mRNA copy of a gene often extracted rather than the DNA that codes for the same protein?
mRNA is complementary to the DNA base sequence
mRNA contains the base uracil instead of thymine
the genetic code is universal
There are more mRNA molecules that code for the protein than DNA molecules
A chromosome in prophase of mitosis consists of two sister chromatids held together at the centromere.
Which of the following is/are true of this chromosome in mitosis?
I. each chromatid will end up in a different cell
II. the two chromatids contain the same genes but not necessarily the same alleles
III. it will pair up with another homologous chromosome in prophase
I only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III
Which of the following could the ABO blood group system be used an example of?
I. Dominant and recessive alleles
II. Codominance
III. Multiple alleles
I and II only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III
There are many different views on the ethics of reproductive cloning in humans.
Which is a valid argument against cloning in humans?
It involves the use of donor sperm which is unethical.
It happens naturally when identical twins are conceived.
Only females can be cloned.
The life expectancy of children produced by cloning might be lower than normal.
